Conservative sperm acrosomal antigens that react with a monoclonal sperm antibody against human spermatozoa HS63 were purified by immunoaffinity chromatography from rabbit testes. The purity and the molecular weight of the purified antigens were determined by SDS acrylamide gel electrophoresis. There is only a band on the acrylamide gel. The molecular weight is more than 60000. It is found that the antigen is a glycoprotein with the carbohydrate moiety of 17%. Following successive immunization antisera of high titers were raised and shown to react specifically with antigens on sperm acrosome, but not with any somatic cells as judged. By using mouse in vitro fertilization experiments and sperm penetration assay with zona-free hamster ova, the isoimmune sera from rabbit exhibited high degrees of fertilization inhibition as compared to the control sera. The results suggest that sperm-specific antigen reactive to HS63 may be a good candidates for the development of immunocontraceptive vaccines in humans.

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound in diagnosis of fetal simple unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) disease.Methods Pregnant women who underwent prenatal ultrasound screening and follow-up were analyzed retrospectively,and 29 fetues with MCDK were found.After exclusion of pregnancy syndrome,other structural abnormalities and chromosomal abnormalities,15 fetues willing to continue pregnancy and accepting the follow-up tracking observation were observed to postpartum.Ipsilateral renal ultrasonographic characteristics,contralateral renal morphology and size,growth and development of children and the renal function were analyzed.Results The minimum follow-up time of the 15 fetus was pregnancy to 7 months after birth,the maximum follow-up time was pregnancy to 5 years of age in children.Ultrasound showed that ipsilateral kidney volume became large in fetal period,reduced gradually in late pregnancy,and atrophy in 5 6 months after birth,even could not displayed with untrasound.The shape,size,and sonographic characteristics of the healthy kidney were similar to the normal gestational age kidney.Prenatal fetal growth indicators and amniotic fluid volume were normal.After birth,except for 1 child with overweight,other children's growth and development indicators were almost normal.Conclusion Fetus with simple unilateral MCDK has a good prognosis.Ultrasound has important value in the examination and follow-up.It can provide reliable basis for prenatal diagnosis and consultation.

Objective: To investigate mandibular movement characteristics in patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion during chewing different foods. Methods: 14 skeletal class Ⅲ adult patients with mandibular asymmetry, 10 patients without mandibular asymmetry and 10 normal control cases were chosen to find out the different condylar and incisor movement area ratio based on the aid of ARCUSdigma mandibular moving track analysis system. Results: First,during chewing soft food, the condylar tracing length of skeletal class Ⅲ adult patients with mandibular asymmetry were significant different in sagittal and horizontal plane compared with the other two groups(P<0.05), while the incisor point trajectory difference was not statistically significant. Second, the condylar and incisor movement characteristic showed much more different among three samples during chewing brittle food(P<0.05). Third, in sagittal plane, the deflective condylar movement area ratio was significantly higher than that of the other two groups during chewing hand food(P<0.01). Conclusion: The mandibular movement in skeletal class Ⅲ adult patients are affected obviously by the shape and texture of food. Asymmetric lower mandible patients have a greater preponderance of this phenomenon.

The effects of solid-state fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SmF) and the addition of olive oil on the whole-cell lipase production by Rhizopus chinensis CCTCC M201021 were investigated.Compared with SSF, higher biomass, hydrolytic activity and synthetic activity were observed in SmF.By the addition of olive oil, the synthetic activity of whole-cell lipase in both fermentations was enhanced significantly, especially in SmF, while the biomass and the hydrolytic activity were also increased.Hence, olive oil serves as both carbon source and the inducer of lipases in fermentation.It was also found that the synthetic activity of whole-cell lipase was not accordant to the hydrolytic activity during both SmF and SSF, suggesting that isoenzymes with difference in lipase properties may be produced by Rhizopus chinensis.

Objective To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)in breast cancers, and understand its clinical significance.Methods The immunohistochemistry was used to determine the ex- pression of COX-2 in the 40 tissues of breast cancer and 18 adjacent noncancerous mammary tissues.Results The positive expression of COX-2 was detected in 52.5% of breast cancer tissues and in 11.1% of adjacent noncancerous mammary tissues.There was a significant difference in the expression of COX-2 between breast cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous mammary tissues(P0.05).Conclusion COX-2 was over expressed in breast cancer and correlated with metastatic lymph nodes and HER-2/neu.The expression of COX-2 may play an important role in carcinogen- esis,progression and prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective To study the effects of costimulatory blockade with anti-inducible costim- ulator antibody(ICOS mAb)in combination with CTLA4Ig on prevention of islet allograft rejection. Methods Experimental animals were randomly divided into 4 groups(10 rats in each group).CT- LA4Ig + ICOS mAb group(group A):intraperitoneal injection of CTLA4Ig on day 0,2,4 and ICOS mAb on day 1,3,5 after islet transplantation;ICOSmAb group(group B):intraperitoneal injection of ICOS mAb on day 1,3,5 after islet transplantation;CTLA4Ig group(group C):intraperitoneal injection of CTLA4Ig on day 0,2,4 after islet transplantation;control group(group D):simple islet transplantation.The islet allograft survival and pathological changes in the transplanted islets after transplantation were observed.By using RT-PCR,the expression of IL-2 and IL-10 mRNA in the transplanted islets was detected.The expression of CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cell was detected by flow cy- tometry.Results In group A,the survival time was obviously prolonged as compared with other three groups and the transplanted islets were near normal under a light microscope.As compared with other three groups,the expression of IL-2 mRNA was significantly decreased in group A(P0.05).The expression of CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cell was not obviously up-regulated on the day 21 after transplantation.Conclusion The blockade of costimulatory signals with ICOS mAb in combination with CTLA4Ig has a favorable effects to restrain the rejection of islet transplantation.

Objective To determine the risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after orthopedic surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.Methods Sixty-five patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,aged 11-18 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery with general anesthesia,were enrolled in this study.On admission to hospital (T0),before surgery (T1),at the end of surgery (T2) and on 2nd day after surgery (T3),blood samples were taken from the peripheral vein for determination of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations.Cognitive function was evaluated using a set of neuropsychological tests at 1 day before surgery and 7 days after surgery.Baseline patient characteristics such as age,gender,years of education and medical history,intraoperative fluid intake and output,surgery time,extubation time,postoperative visual analog scale score and related complications were recorded.Patients were divided into either POCD group or non-POCD group according to the diagnostic criteria of POCD.Logistic regression analysis was used to pick out the risk factors for POCD.Results Sixty-three patients completed this trial.The incidence of POCD was 24％.Compared with non-POCD group,the serum IL-10 concentration at T0 and serum TNF-α concentration at T3 were significantly increased,the IL-10/TNF-α ratio was decreased,and the length of postoperative hospital stay was prolonged in POCD group (P＜0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that increased concentrations of serum IL-10 at T0 and TNF-α at T3 were risk factors for POCD.Conclusion Increased serum concentrations of IL-10 on admission to hospital and TNF-α on 2nd after surgery are risk factors for POCD in the patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Objective To study a-synuclein(SNCA)rs356200 and rs356165 loci polymorphism in the patients with Parkin son's disease(PD)and to investigate the correlation between SNCA gene polymorphism and PD cognitive impairment.Methods One hundred and twenty cases of PD in our hospital from June 2014 to December 2015 and 120 heaalthy people were selected as the research subjects.The PD cases served as the PD group and 120 healthy subjects as control group.The PD cases were also divided into the cognitive impairment group and non-cognitive impairment group according to the cognitive impairment.The rs356200 and rs356165 allele frequencies and genotype in each group were studied.Results The rs356200 allele frequency had statistical difference between the PD group and control group(P＜0.05),the rs356200 G/G,A/A and A/G genotype had statistical difference between the PD group and control group(P＜0.05).The rs356165 allele frequency had no statistical difference between the PD group and the control group(P＞0.05),the rs356165 G/G,A/A and A/G genotype had statistical difference between the PD group and control group(P＜0.05).The rs356200 and rs356165 allele frequencies and genotype had no statistical difference between the cognitive impairmentgroup and non-cognitive impairment group(P＞0.05).Conclusion The morbidity of PD is related to SNCA gene rs356200 and rs356165 sites polymorphism.PD cognitive dysfunction has no significant correlation with SNCA gene rs356200 and rs356165 loci polymorphism.

Objective The widely use of ultrasound elastography has increased the detection rate of breast cancer.It has great advantage of differential diagnosis of breast tumor.Our study is to evaluate and compare the value of the quantitative ultrasound elastography parameters of AR ( area ratio) , ESR ( entire strain ratio) , LSR ( locolized strain ratio) , EFLR( entire fat to lesion ratio) and LFLR( locolized fat to lesion ratio) in the differential diagnosis of breast tumor. Methods 110 patients with 113 breast tumors were collected from Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region between January 2015 and January 2016 who underwent breast exami-nation.The tumors were divided into two groups according to patholo-gy which acts as gold standard:benign group with 59 lesions and ma-lignant group with 54 lesions.Participants underwent quantitative ul-trasound elastography parameters examination.AR、ESR、LSR、EFLR、LFLR were compared between benign group and malignant group and ROC curve was drawn.Conventional ultrasound and ultrasound elastography parameter are combined to differentiate the benign or malignant lesion.Calculate the various parameters on the accuracy、susceptibility、specificity、positive likelihood ratio、negative likeli-hood ratio of the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions, and determine the quantitative parameter with the highest accuracy. Results The mean value of AR、ESR、LSR、EFLR and LFLR of malignant lesions were all significantly greater than that of benign le-sions (P=0.000).Compared with the conventional ultrasound, AR、ESR、LSR、EFLR and LFLR have higher AUC in the differentia-tion of benign and malignant breast lesions;AUC of AR and ESR are higher than conventional ultrasound、LSR、EFLR and LFLR( P<0.000).Compared with conventional ultrasound(1.523) alone, conventional ultrasound combined separately with AR、ESR、EFLR and LFLR have higher positive likelihood ratio(11.581、8.272、3.482、2.458、2.100) in the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions, so as accuracy、susceptibility、specificity(P<0.000).The AUC of conventional ultrasound combined separately with AR and ESR[0.940(0.890~0.990)、0.941(0.891~0.990)] were higher than conventional ultrasound and conventional ultrasound com-bined separately with LSR、EFLR、LFLR[0.669(0.669~0.768)、0.837(0.759~0.915)、0.763(0.673~0.852)、0.787(0.701~0.874)],so as accuracy、susceptibility、specificity and positive likelihood ratio(P<0.000). Conclusion Quantitative ultrasound elastography may be helpful in differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions, especially combining conventional ultrasound with AR and ESR, which were superior to combining with the other parameters and provide a more objective and credible basis to differenti-ate benign and malignant breast tumors with conventional ultrasound.