[Summary] Vocal cord movement disorders may lead to hoarseness,dysphonia or even dyspnea.They reduce the quality of speech,destroy social communications,or even are life-threatening.For patients with vocal cord movement disorders which are not sensitive to the treatment of phonation training or medication,surgical procedures can improve the quality of phonation.At present, with operation methods for vocal fold movement disorders developing rapidly,types of the operations are exploring,while at the same time the situations of confusion or repetition of operation methods and terminologies increase.On this condition,we summarized different types of surgeries for vocal cord movement disorders by reviewing relevant literatures.

Objective To assess the efficacy of almitrine and raubasine (Duxil) on post stroke rehabilitation Methods A clinical trial was done with a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled method Patients with ischemic stroke were included as having 1 month after the acute onset and receiving randomized treatment of either Duxil or placebo 2 tablets daily for 3 months The patients were assessed by using Barthel Index (BI), neurological functional deficit scores (NFDS), and Hasagawa dementia scales (HDS) each month after giving treatment Results In this study, only 74 cases were observed Of them, 38 patients received Duxil and 36 patients received placebo The baseline characteristics were compared between both groups Duxil was significantly shown more effective than placebo by increasing BI at 1, 2 or 3 months and by reducing NFDS at 1 month after treatment, more Duxil treated patients' NFDS had improved as compared with placebo treated patients In comparing with the pre treatment condition, there appeared a strong tendency of improvement in HDS with Duxil, although this significance was not confirmed by the difference of scores between two groups More Duxil treated patients than placebo controlled patients were reported having adverse events, but the difference was not significant at the 5% level All these events were mild, of short duration and resolved without treatment Conclusion Duxil can accelerate the recovery of nervous function to some degrees after stroke

Objective To investigate the roles of serum visfatin and VE-cadherin in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris and their clinical significance. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum levels of visfatin and VE-cadherin in 78 patients with psoriasis vulgaris before and after treatment and in 30 normal human controls. The relationship between the two parameters and disease activity was evaluated. Results The serum levels of visfatin and VE-cadherin were significantly higher in untreated patients with psoriasis than in the normal controls (I = 10.53, 10.16, both P< 0.01), and in patients with active psoriasis than in those with stable psoriasis (t = 12.47, 13.11, both P< 0.01). The treatment caused a marked decrease in the serum levels of visfatin and VE-cadherin in patients. The serum level of visfatin was positively associated with the level of VE-cadherin and PASI scores (r = 0.58, 0.64, P < 0.01) in patients with psoriasis. Conclusion Visfatin and VE-cadherin may be used as parameters for evaluating disease activity of psoriasis vulgaris.

s:Objective To explore effect of the Tangshen Tongluo (TSTL) recipe on ET and ANP in patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods 45 Cases of early DN patients were randomly divided into the TSTL recipe group (25 cases) and Lotensin group (20 cases). After the treatment of TSTL recipe and Lotensin, TCM symptom, the level of FBG, HbA1c, ET, ANP, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and urine micro albumen excretion rate (UAER) were detected. Results After the treatment of TSTL recipe and Lotensin, TCM symptom, the level of FBG, ET, ANP, TC, TG, LDL-C and UAER were found markedly lower in the TSTL recipe than that in the Lotensin group (P

An objective analysis of the status quo of the teaching of"Applied Writing"in medical colleges and universities is first conducted from the perspectives of insufficient importance attached to this course by the school authorities,lack of qualified teachers,lack of good textbooks tailored for medical schools,and unsatisfactory teaching effect and the concrete measures are pro-posed for improving and strengthening the teaching of this course.

Objective To assess the usefulness of a computer-aided detection(CAD)system on detecting the pulmonary nodules in digital chest radiography.Methods Three hundred and twenty-eight digital chest radiographies along with corresponding chest computed tomography were selected for this study. Two senior chest radiologists interpreted these cases using the CAD system and marked the locations and sizes of all nodules with consensus,which were stored in a computer system as Gold Standard to evaluate the performance of the CAD system.Eight radiologists of various experience read these selected cases without and with the aid of CAD system and their results were stored in a computer system.The radiologists' performance was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic analysis.Comparison is made regarding the difference in Az values when CAD was not used versus when CAD was used by using the paired-samples t test.Results For small nodules,the sensitivity of this computer system used by the two senior chest radiologists in 100 digital radiographs was 78.1%(118.0/151).Without and with the assistance of CAD system,the nodule detection sensitivity of the radiology residents was 62.4% (94.2/151),77.4%(116.8/151)respectively,and the area under the curve of radiology residents was 0.769,0.836 respectively.Statistical analysis showed there was statistically significant difference between interpretation without and with the CAD system(P0.05).Conclusions This CAD system can help to enhance the radiologists' ability to detect small pulmonary nodules.This is especially helpful for radiology residents.

Objective To analyze causes for postoperative fixation-related complications of femoral in- tertrochanteric fractures treated with dynamic hip screws(DHS)and dynamic condylar screws(DCS).Methods From January 1995 to December 2004,215 cases of intertrochanteric fracture were treated with DHS/DCS.Their postoperative fixation-related complications were analyzed to find out the causes.Results All cases were followed up for 13 to 72 months(mean,32 months).The rate of excellent and good functional recovery of hip was 94.0%. Postoperative internal-fixation-related complications occurred in 31 cases,including hip varus in 14 cases who had posterior intertrochanteric fragments,delayed union of fracture in 12 cases who had fractured calcar and lesser trochanter and massive dissection of soft tissues,and cutting-out of lag screws in five cases,three of whom had to receive prosthetic replacement.Conclusions Unsuitable implant selection is an important factor leading to postoperative fixation-related complications.Unstable fracture,serious osteoporosis and unsatisfactory reduction will increase the incidence of complications.

Objective To evaluate the value of computer-aided detection (CAD) system for pulmonary nodule detection using digital chest radiography in lung cancer screening. Methods One hundred consecutive digital chest radiographs from 6280 outpatients for lung cancer screening were independently reviewed by a thoracic radiologist and a computer-aided pulmonary nodule detection system.The radiographs were also reviewed by two experienced thoracic radiologists and the true nodules confirmed by two radiologists with reference to the CT images were marked and stored as a gold standard in the CAD system. The sensitivity and false positive of the radiologist and the CAD system for the detection of nodules on digital chest radiographs were compared. Results Ninety-five and 304 nodules were identified by radiologist and the CAD system, respectively. Of 134 nodules marked as true nodules by experienced radiologists, 82 (61.2%) and 105 (78. 4% ) nodules were identified by the radiologist and the CAD,respectively. The radiologist missed 35 true nodules which were only detected by CAD. The CAD system missed 10 true nodules which were only detected by radiologist. One hundred and twelve (83.6%) nodules were identified by radiologist with the CAD system. One hundred and ninety-nine nodules identified by CAD were false-positive with a rate of 2. 0 ( 199/100 ) per case. Conclusion Combining review of digital radiographs by radiologist with CAD system can improve the detection of pulmonary nodules in lung cancer screening.

Objective To detect the effect and mechanism of Cyr61 on the apoptosis of renal tissue caused by early stage of ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods 30 SD rats were randomized into 5 groups, including control group, AKI group, AKI+bicarbonate group, AKI+blank virus group, and AKI+over?expression Cyr61 virus group. After animal models were created for 2h, serum and renal tissue were collected from sacrificed animals. Expression level of TNF?α was determined by ELISA. HE staining was used to observe the histologic changes of renal tissues. The levels of NF?κB p65 and TNFR1 were measured by immunohistochemical method. RT?PCR and Western blotting assay were adopted to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of NF?κB p65, TNFR1 and Caspase3. Results Compared with control group, AKI group, AKI+bicarbonate group, AKI+blank virus group, AKI+over?expression Cyr61 virus group had obvious kidney injury. The levels of TNF?α, the mRNA and protein expression levels of NF?κB p65, TNFR1 and caspase3 were markedly up?regulated. Over?expression of Cyr61 significantly attenuated the degree of pathological injury, numbers of apoptotic renal tubular epithelial cells and increased the degree of Scr. Although compared with other groups, the level of TNF?α in kidney tissue had no difference, there was obvious decreased protein level of NF?κB p65, while the increase of TNFR1 and Caspase3 protein was moderate. Conclusions During the early stage of AKI, over expression of Cyr61 could inhibit apoptosis, which may be related to the suppression of TNFR1 transcriptional expression and interference of TNF?αpathway. Its underlying mechanism therefore deserves further research.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of chest low-dose CT (LDCT) combined with computer-aided detection (CAD) system for lung cancer screening in high risk population. Methods Two hundred and nineteen healthy candidates underwent 64-slice LDCT scan. All images were reviewed in consensus by two radiologists with 15 years of thoracic CT diagnosis experience. Then the image data were analyzed with CAD alone. Finally images were reviewed by two radiologists with 5 years of CT diagnosis experience with and without CT Viewer software. The sensitivity, false positive rate of CAD for pulmonary nodule detection were calculated. SPSS 11.5 software and Chi-square test were used for the statistics. Results Of 219 candidates ,104(47.5% )were detected with lung nodules. There were 366 true nodules confirmed by the senior radiologists. The CAD system detected 271 (74.0%)true nodules and 424 false-positive nodules. The false-positive rate was 1.94/per case. The two junior radiologists indenfifid 292(79.8%), 286(78.1%) nodules without CAD and 336 (91.8%), 333 (91.0%) nodules with CAD respectively. There were significant differences for radiologists in indentifying nodules with or without CAD system (P<0.01). Conclusions CAD is more sensitive than radiologists for indentifying the nodules in the central area or in the hilar region of the lung. While radiologists are more sensitive for the peripheral and sub-pleural nodules,or ground glass opacity nodules, or nodules smaller than 4 mm. CAD can not be used alone. The detection rate can be improved with the combination of radiologist and CAD in LDCT screen.