Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are essential for establishing recurrence and metastasis in malignant tumors.Detecting CTCs can help for early detection of the cancer metastases and recurrences,and also can help for evaluating prognostic and guiding treatment.CTCs detection technique mainly include screening and separation technology which contains immune magnetic separation technology and reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction and so on.With the development of technique,there is a new technique named ctcchip contains both screening and separation functions.

Objective To investigate drug resistance and clinical efficacy of second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods A total of 183 multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-PTB) patients received standard anti-tuberculosis treatment in Zhejiang Provincial Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis during March 2011 and March 2013.Patients were divided into four groups according to the results of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs susceptibility test:group A (n =30) resistant to isoniazid (H) and rifamipicin (R) ; group B (n =28) resistant to HR and ethambutol (E) ; group C (n =53) resistant to HR and streptomycin (S) ; groups D (n =72) resistant to HRES.Drug susceptibility tests of second-line drugs kanamycin (Km),protionamide (Pto),paraaminosalicylic acid (PAS) and levofloxacin (Lfx) were performed.Negative conversion rates of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum culture were also observed and compared among different groups with x2 test.Results Among 183 MDR-PTB patients,49 cases (26.8％) were resistant to Lfx,which was significantly higher than that of Km (8.7％,n =16),Pto (13.1％,n =24) and PAS (6.6％,n=12) (x2 =37.983,P＜0.05).The resistant rate to Lfx in group D was 45.8％ (33/72),which was higher than that in group A (2/30,6.7％),group B (6/28,21.4％) and group C (8/53,15.1％) (x2 =14.413,5.047 and 13.087,P ＜0.05).The occurrence of pre-extensively drug resistance (Pre-XDR) in group D was 34.7％ (25/72),which was higher than that in group A (3/30,10.0％) and group C (9/53,17.0％) (x2 =6.499 and 4.852,P ＜ 0.05).Among 157 MDR-PTB patients who received standard anti-tuberculosis treatment for one year,the negative conversion rate of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum culture was 87.3％ (137/157).The negative conversion rate in group D was lower than that in other groups,but the difference was not of statistical significance (x2 =1.899,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The efficacies of second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs vary among MDR-TB patients resistant to different firstline anti-tuberculosis drugs.The sensitivity tests results of the first-line drugs may serve as reference for MDR chemotherapy regimen in lack of test results of second-line drugs.

We investigated health condition and evaluate the viability of Barthel's measuring scale for 1297 elder patients at 17 nursing homes.We nursed all patients by standards and performed a comparison study.The nursing percentages of highest and lowest levels were higher than the previous ones ( P ＜ 0.01 ),while the nursing percentage of normal level was lower than the previous one ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The cooperation between doctors and nurses became optimized through progressive patient care.Ideal nursing standard should be based upon the doctors' judgment and nurses' evaluation.The new standard will be more suitable for patients and easier to control for nurses.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the extraction process of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis. METHODS: Taking the contents of schizandrin, schisantherin A, deoxyschizandrin, r-schizandrin as the indexes, the influence on the extraction process by extract solvent and medicinal material particle diameter was examined, and the extraction parameters were optimized. RESULTS: Active components of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, after the medicinal material being crushed, can be effectively utilized through extracting by alcohol. The optimized extraction parameters were as follows: the medical material being ground into 40 meshes, extracted twice by 70% alcohol, 2 hours per time. CONCLUSION: The optimized extracting process works better than current technique adopted for formulated granule preparation, and can ensure quality to the highest degree.

To study the relation between drug release and the drug status within curcumin-loaded microsphere, SPG (shirasu porous glass) membrane emulsification was used to prepare the curcumin-PLGA (polylactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres with three levels of drug loading respectively, and the in vitro release was studied with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The morphology of microspheres was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the drug status was studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared analysis (IR). The drug loading of microspheres was (5.85 ± 0.21)%, (11.71 ± 0.39)%, (15.41 ± 0.40)%, respectively. No chemical connection was found between curcumin and PLGA. According to the results of XRD, curcumin dispersed in PLGA as amorphous form within the microspheres of the lowest drug loading, while (2.12 ± 0.64)% and (5.66 ± 0.07)% curcumin crystals was detected in the other two kinds of microspheres, respectively, indicating that the drug status was different within three kinds of microspheres. In the data analysis, we found that PLGA had a limited capacity of dissolving curcumin. When the drug loading exceeded the limit, the excess curcumin would exist in the form of crystals in microspheres independently. Meanwhile, this factor contributes to the difference in drug release behavior of the three groups of microspheres.
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Curcumin ; chemistry ; Drug Liberation ; Lactic Acid ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microspheres ; Polyglycolic Acid ; X-Ray Diffraction

Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of nutrition package on the nutritional status and prevalence of children in rural areas of Hainan Province, and provide scientific basis and suggestions for further improving the nutritional and health status of children in this region. Methods　Four cities and counties were randomly selected as the intervention group, and four cities and counties matched with the intervention group in terms of population, economy, social culture, maternal and child health work foundation of township health centers, physical nutrition and health status were selected as the control group.With the combination of monitoring and prospective cohort study, infants in the intervention group and the control group were studied from June 1, 2020, and they were intervened for 12 months with supplementary food nutrition package. Before and after intervention, the nutrition and health status of infants aged 6-24 months in the intervention group and the control group were investigated to evaluate the nutritional and health effects of supplementary food nutrition package for infants aged 6-24 months in rural Hainan Province. Results　A total of 999 infants were investigated, including 427 in the intervention group and 572 in the control group. After 12 months of nutritional intervention, there was no significant difference in weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) and height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of emaciation of the intervention group was 1.64%, which was significantly lower than 3.67% of the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rate of growth retardation (2.81% and 3.32%, respectively) and underweight (0.47% and 1.92%, respectively) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of respiratory infection and diarrhea in the intervention group were 9.13% and 1.17%, which were significantly lower than corresponding 23.25% and 3.15% in the control group (P<0.05). The hemoglobin of the intervention group and the control group were 117.24 g/L and 114.51 g/L respectively, and the rates of anemia were 11.11% and 22.84% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions　The intervention of nutrition package in rural areas of Hainan Province has achieved the expected results, and supplementary food nutrition package has reduced the incidence of malnutrition and respiratory infection and diarrhea in recent two weeks in infants and anemia to a certain extent. We should attach great importance to the supplementary nutrition package for right-age children and promote the growth and health of children in rural areas through supplementary nutrition package, and continuously improve the nutrition and health level of children in Hainan Province.

Objective To study the clinical,histopathological,immunohistochemical features and the diagnosis and treatment of paraganglioma of urinary bladder. Methods Two cases of paraganglioma of urinary bladder were treated. The first case was a male with painless haematuria. The abdominal ultrasonography and CT scan showed a 2.5 cm× 2.0 cm mass in the right anterior wall of the bladder, and urine vanillylmandelic acid elevated to 17. 9- 31. 3 μmol/24 h (normal range 10- 35 μmol/24 h). The second case was a female who presented with 8 years history of headache and palpitation after voiding. Abdominal ultrasonography and CT scan showed a 2. 6 cm× 1.5 cm mass in the left wall of the bladder, and her urine vanillylmandelic acid was 35.3-43.3 μmol/24 h. Results One patient underwent transurethral resection (TURBT) and the other underwent partial cystectomy.The two cases were diagnosed as bladder paraganglioma by pathological examination. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CgA, Syn, NSE and S-100. No evidence of recurrence was detected during follow-up at 3 months and 3 years. Conclusions Paraganglioma of urinary bladder should be considered as a low grade malignancy. Partial cystectomy should be recommended. The diagnosis depends on clinical symptoms, pathological and immunohistochemical results.

AIM:To investigate the effect of intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs combined with other methods in the treatment of Coats disease.METHODS:Selected 13 patients 13 eyes with Coats disease in our hospital from May 2013 to May 2016.All eyes were treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and combined with scleral drainage, laser photocoagulation and so on.We observed visual acuity and retinal reattachment.RESULTS:In 13 eyes, the treatment of 4 eyes with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and combined with scleral drainage, 3 eyes combined laser photocoagulation, 6 eyes combined vitrectomy, membrane peeling, freezing, silicone oil filling or other treatments.Eyeball retention rate was 100%.Visual acuity at 6mo after treatment significantly improved compared with before treatment (P<0.05).The visual acuity was ≥0.05-0.1, 0.01-<0.05, counting finger, light perception and hand moving before treatment in 0, 0, 38%, 38% and 23%, after treatment were 23%, 23%, 38%, 15% and 0.Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in 5 eyes, accounting for 38%;basic reset in 3 eyes, accounting for 23%;5 eyes were not reset, accounting for 38%.CONCLUSION:Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs combined with other methods for the treatment of Coats disease have a certain effect, can improve or maintain the limited visual function, avoid enucleation of eyeball due to disease progression.

0.05).2.Neonates umbilical serum leptin concentration was positively correlated with body mass index(r=0.520 P

Objective:To preliminarily compile the words list of personality in southern China, and structurally analyse the words with natural personality traits.Methods:A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain 603 valid questionnaires in six provinces in southern China, and the lexical collation, consolidation, deletion, lexicographic analysis and structural analysis were conducted.Results:(1)After three rounds of collation and merging of 8 022 natural words describing personality traits, a personality trait word list containing 136 words was obtained.(2)Econometric analysis of words according to positivity, neutrality and negativity, showed that all negative words involving moral evaluations (ruthless, vicious, evil, cunning, narrow-minded and so on) were used to describe others, while negative words describing oneself were mainly non-virtuous words (capricious, stubborn, impatient, impetuous, pessimistic and so on). (3) The proportion of desirability and virtue dimensions in the words list was highest(23.20%, 16.80%); and the proportion of desirability and extroversion in total words frequency was highest(24.39%, 19.96%).Conclusion:A personality word list containing 136 personality traits in southern China is compiled from primary sources; and a 7-factor personality structure was latent in the word list.Subjects are richer in describing the content of the vocabulary of agreeable, virtuous, pioneering, and persevering personality traits, while agreeable and extroverted personality traits are most easily perceived in interpersonal interactions.