Objective To assess the usefulness of a computer-aided detection(CAD)system on detecting the pulmonary nodules in digital chest radiography.Methods Three hundred and twenty-eight digital chest radiographies along with corresponding chest computed tomography were selected for this study. Two senior chest radiologists interpreted these cases using the CAD system and marked the locations and sizes of all nodules with consensus,which were stored in a computer system as Gold Standard to evaluate the performance of the CAD system.Eight radiologists of various experience read these selected cases without and with the aid of CAD system and their results were stored in a computer system.The radiologists' performance was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic analysis.Comparison is made regarding the difference in Az values when CAD was not used versus when CAD was used by using the paired-samples t test.Results For small nodules,the sensitivity of this computer system used by the two senior chest radiologists in 100 digital radiographs was 78.1%(118.0/151).Without and with the assistance of CAD system,the nodule detection sensitivity of the radiology residents was 62.4% (94.2/151),77.4%(116.8/151)respectively,and the area under the curve of radiology residents was 0.769,0.836 respectively.Statistical analysis showed there was statistically significant difference between interpretation without and with the CAD system(P0.05).Conclusions This CAD system can help to enhance the radiologists' ability to detect small pulmonary nodules.This is especially helpful for radiology residents.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Crisis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; surgery

The problems to offer HIS course in plateau medical colleges and universities were pointed out and corresponding reform measures were put forward in view of the requirement for medical professionals in the 21stcentury information society and the current situation in HIS course teaching.

This study was aimed to observe the promotion effect of wound healing retention enema for postoperative anal fistula by modifiedWu-Wei Xiao-Du(WWXD) decoction, in order to explore its mechanism. A total of 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in both groups were diagnosed as simple low anal fistula and treated with low anal fistula incision. The retention enema of 30 mL modified WWXD decoction or complexHuang-Bai fluid were given once a day for postoperative dressing changes. Detailed observations and scores were made on wound exudate, color, and itching around the anus. The comparisons were made on carrion off time, new epithelium time, rate of wound-reducing, wound healing time, and the total clinical efficacy 21 days after operation. The results showed that the wound exudate on the 7th and 14th postoperative day was better than that of the control group. There was no significant difference on the 21st day between two groups. The wound color of the treatment group was better than that of the control group on the 7th and 14th postoperative day. The itching around anus of the treatment group was better than that of the control group on the 7th, 14th and 21st postoperative day. The carrion wound off time and new epithelium time of the treatment group were earlier than that of the control group. There was no significant difference on the rate of wound-reducing. There were no significant differences on the total clinical efficacy 21 days after operation as well as the total average healing time of both groups. It was concluded that modified WWXD decoction can shorten the inflammation phase, reduce the wound exudate and itching, promote early carrion fall and as well as the wound healing.

Objective To observe the effects of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) on hypoxia induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2).Methods The mRNA level of ERS associated biomarkers was evaluated by RT-PCR assay in cell hypoxia damaged model.And HK-2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of 7,8-DHF through CCK-8 assay;meanwhile CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP),Cyr61,Akt and p-Akt were determined by western blotting assay.Moreover,HK-2 cells were pretreated by LY294002,a kind of PI3K/Akt inhibitor,to inhibit the PI3K/Akt signaling,and its effects on protein level induced by 7,8-DHF was detected.HK-2 cells was then over-expressed Cyr61 and exposed to hypoxia Apoptosis rate and CHOP expression were determined.Results Compared to hypoxia group (P ＜ 0.01),Hypoxia for 12h was effective in inducing ERS (P ＜ 0.01),while pretreatment with 7,8-DHF (100 μmol/L) increased cell proliferation significantly.The protein expressions of Cyr61 and p-Akt in H+7,8-DHF group were higher,but the level of CHOP was decreased (P ＜ 0.05).With LY294002 pretreated,the expression of Cyr61,p-Akt was down-regulated (all P ＜ 0.05) while the expression of CHOP was up-regulated (P ＜ 0.05).In comparison to empty plasmid group,when cells were transfected with over-expression of Cyr61 plasmid and exposed to hypoxia,the number of apoptotic tubular cells was decreased (P ＜ 0.01).And over-expression of Cyr61 significantly reducedCHOP expression compared with the empty plasmid group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Pretreatment of 7,8-DHF could protect cells from hypoxia injury and inhibit ERS,which may involve the Akt-Cyr61 signaling pathway.

0.05).After treatment,in neuromus- cular electric stimulation therapy group and ice-massage therapy group,SSA scores and degrade of SaO_2 were improved. There was significant difference between before and after treatment(P

The clinical analgesic effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) stimulation (EAS) on breakthrough pain induced by remifentanil in patients undergoing radical thoracic esophagectomy, and the mechanisms were assessed. Sixty patients (ASAIII) scheduled for elective radical esophagectomy were randomized into three groups: group A (control) receiving a general anesthesia only; group B (sham) given EA needles at PC4 (Ximen) and PC6 (Neiguan) but no stimulation; and group C (EAS) electrically given EAS of the ipsilateral PC4 and PC6 throughout the surgery. The EAS consisting of a disperse-dense wave with a low frequency of 2 Hz and a high frequency of 20 Hz, was performed 30 min prior to induction of general anesthesia and continued through the surgery. At the emergence, sufentanil infusion was given for postoperative analgesia with loading dose of 7.5 μg, followed by a continuous infusion of 2.25 μg/h. The patient self-administration of sufentanil was 0.75 μg with a lockout of 15 min as needed. Additional breakthrough pain was treated with dezocine (5 mg) intravenously at the patient's request. Blood samples were collected before (T1), 2 h (T2), 24 h (T3), and 48 h (T4) after operation to measure the plasma β-EP, PGE2, and 5-HT. The operative time, the total dose of sufentanil and the dose of self-administration, and the rescue doses of dezocine were recorded. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores at 2, 12, 24 and 48 h postoperatively and the incidence of apnea and severe hypotension were recorded. The results showed that the gender, age, weight, operative time and remifentanil consumption were comparable among 3 groups. Patients in EAS group had the lowest VAS scores postoperatively among the three groups (P<0.05). The total dose of sufentanil was 115±6.0 μg in EAS group, significantly lower than that in control (134.3±5.9 μg) and sham (133.5±7.0 μg) groups. Similarly, the rescue dose of dezocine was the least in EAS group (P<0.05) among the three groups. Plasma β-EP levels in EAS group at T3 (176.90±45.73) and T4 (162.96±35.00 pg/mL) were significantly higher than those in control (132.33±36.75 and 128.79±41.24 pg/mL) and sham (136.56±45.80 and 129.85±36.14 pg/mL) groups, P<0.05 for all. EAS could decrease the release of PGE2. Plasma PGE2 levels in EAS group at T2 and T3 (41±5 and 40±5 pg/mL respectively) were significantly lower than those in control (64±5 and 62±7 pg/mL) and sham (66±6 and 62±6 pg/mL) groups. Plasma 5-HT levels in EAS group at T2 (133.66±40.85) and T3 (154.66±52.49 ng/mL) were significantly lower than those in control (168.33±56.94 and 225.28±82.03) and sham (164.54±47.53 and 217.74±76.45 ng/mL) groups. For intra-group comparison, plasma 5-HT and PGE2 levels in control and sham groups at T2 and T3, and β-EP in EAS group at T3 and T4 were significantly higher than those at T1 (P<0.05); PGE2 and 5-HT levels in EAS group showed no significant difference among the different time points (P>0.05). No apnea or severe hypotension was observed in any group. It was concluded that intraoperative ipsilateral EAS at PC4 and PC6 provides effective postoperative analgesia for patients undergoing radical esophagectomy with remifentanil anesthesia and significantly decrease requirement for parental narcotics. The underlying mechanism may be related to stimulation of the release of endogenous β-EP and inhibition of inflammatory mediators (5-HT and PGE2).

Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Objective:To explore the mediation effect of personality between negative life events and risky mentation of university students.Methods:A cross sectional investigation was conducted among 8 379 freshmen with the adolescent self-rating life events check list (ASLEC), the prodromal questionnaire(PQ-16) and the Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ). The data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 24.0.Results:The total score of negative life events scale((31.16±0.58) vs (15.19±0.15)), the scores of neuroticism((58.20±0.36) vs (41.59±0.13)) and psychoticism((53.07±0.29) vs (47.71±0.08)) in the risk psychological state group were significantly higher ( t=26.611, 42.270, 17.286, all P<0.01), and the score of introversion-extroversion factor was significantly lower((49.83±0.42) vs (55.88±0.13), t=-13.634, P<0.01) than those in the risk-free psychological state group. There was a positive correlation between the scores of risk psychological state and negative life events( r=0.290, 0.334, both P<0.01), and the scores of risk psychological state and negative life events were positively correlated with the scores of personality neuroticism and psychoticism ( r=0.139-0.469, all P<0.01) in both risk psychological state and risk-free psychological state group.The risk psychological state score of college students was negatively correlated with the inside and outside personality score( r=-0.070, P<0.01), and the score of negative life events was not correlated with introversion-extroversion personality score in the risk psychological state group, while the score of risk psychological state, negative life events and introversion-extroversion personality score were negatively correlated in the risk-free psychological state group ( r=-0.177, -0.080, P<0.01). The personality of college students played a complete mediating role between negative life events and risk psychological state in the risk psychological state group, while the personality of college students in the risk-free psychological state group played a partial mediating role between negative life events and risk psychological state, accounted for 71.43% of the total effect. Conclusion:Negative life events not only directly lead to the risky mentation of college students, but also affect the risky mentation of college students by the mediation effect of introverted and extroverted tendency and unstable emotion.

Homocysteine ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Nutrition Disorders ; complications ; Male ; Methylmalonic Acid ; urine ; Skin Diseases ; etiology ; Vitamin B 12 ; administration & dosage