OBJECTIVETo analyze the change in drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (SAU) in the PLA general hospital from January 2008 to December 2012, and to provide solid evidence to support the rational use of antibiotics for clinical applications.

METHODSThe SAU strains isolated from clinical samples in the hospital were collected and subjected to the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test. The results were assessed based on the 2002 American National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) guidelines.

RESULTSSAU strains were mainly isolated from sputum, urine, blood and wound excreta and distributed in penology, neurology wards, orthopedics and surgery ICU wards. Except for glycopeptide drugs, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) had a higher drug resistance rate than those of the other drugs and had significantly more resistance than methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (P < 0.05). In the dynamic observation of drug resistance, we discovered a gradual increase in drug resistance to fourteen test drugs during the last five years.

CONCLUSIONDrug resistance rate of SAU stayed at a higher level over the last five years; moreover, the detection ratio of MRSA keeps rising year by year. It is crucial for physicians to use antibiotics rationally and monitor the change in drug resistance in a dynamic way.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Staphylococcal Infections ; drug therapy ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects

Objective: to investigate the effect of Radix Astragali(黄芪) Injection and moxibustion on white blood cell amount and cellular immunity in patients with post-chemotherapy leukopenia. Methods: eighty-six cases of post-chemotherpy leucopenia were allocated into group of acupoint injection with Radix Astragali(黄芪) plus mild moxibustion with moxa stick(treatment group) and group of westerm medicine orally took(control group), and the clinical symptoms, white blood cell amount, and the change of CD+3、CD+4and CD+8 before and after the treatment were observed. Results: acupoint injection with Radix Astragali(黄芪) plus mild moxibustion with moxa stick could enhance the white blood cell amount more markedly than western medicine. The former could increase the contents of CD+3 and CD+4, and promote the ratio of CD+4/CD+8 of the patients with tumor, meanwhile, improve the general weak, and there is a significant different between the two groups(P<0.01).

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of MR cisternography in epidermoids of the cerebellopontine angle (C-P angle).Methods The findings of MR cisternography of epidermoids of the C-P angle in 19 cases confirmed by surgery were analysed retrospectirey.The signal intensity of tumors,the effect on nerves and vessels by tumor were evaluated.Results MR cisternography depicted tumors as slight-medium hypointense (n=19) to CSF. 84% of patients had involvement of the trigeminal nerves (n=16); 42% of patients had involvement of the facial nerve and the acoustic nerve (n=8); 26% of patients had involvement of the internal carotid artery (n=5); 21% of patients had involvement of the vertebral-base artery (n=4). Conclusion MR cisternography contributes to show the anatomic details of the C-P angle and clearly depicte the relationship between tumors and nerves as well as vessels. Thus it can provide useful informations for the presurgical planning and approach of C-P angle epidermoids.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism

Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; surgery ; Cryoultramicrotomy ; Cytodiagnosis ; methods ; Female ; Histocytological Preparation Techniques ; methods ; Humans ; Intraoperative Care ; methods ; Precancerous Conditions ; pathology ; surgery

Based on the associated theory of spleen-kidney deficiency about the traditional Chinese medicine and experimental research to discuss myasthenia gravis treated by integrative medicine.According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,the mechanism of myasthenia gravis is Qi deficiency of the spleen-stomach.Experimental studies showed supplementing spleen and kidney can improve ATP,muscle glycogen,fat content,other molecular biology material foundations,skeletal muscle cells under hypoxia and mitochondrial structure of animal models and patients,and therefore treat the deficiency of both spleen and kidney.

Endostatin(ES), the C-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII, is a potent angiogenesis inhibitor. At present, there are a large number of research papers on ES. It has already been on clinical stage Ⅱ and been widely used in inhibition of neovascularization(NV). However, how to improve the bioactivity of ES is still a matter of ongoing discussion. The objective of this review is to elucidate the relationship between the modified ES and ocular neovascualrization, and to discuss the superiority based on the structure modification. The structure can be changed either by covalent modification or by genetical mutation. It is proposed that the secondary structral ES enhance the anti-angiogenic activity. Studies on modified ES also shed light on our understanding of the molecular action mechanisms of ES. Modified ES may be exploited as a new angiogenesis inhibitor for therapeutic applica-tions, in substitution of the native ES. Activity

AIM: To analyze and summarize the effect of glaucoma trabeculectomy in the department of ophthalmology in basic hospital.
METHODS: Postoperative intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , filtering bleb and complications of 316 cases (405 eyes) of patients with glaucoma after trabeculectomy were analyzed.
RESULTS: After follow- up 12mo, 76. 5% IOP was controlled in normal level. 42. 5% was filtration bleb typeⅠ, 33. 1% typeII, 14. 6% in typeⅢand 9. 9% in typeⅣ. Intraoperative complication rate was 2. 5%, that was 31.4% at postoperative early stage ( before discharge ) , and 6. 7% at postoperative long - term ( 6mo after discharge) .
CONCLUSION:Trabeculectomy for glaucoma can better solve the problem of high IOP. It is more mature in primary hospitals, but there are still a variety of intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the current situation of community nurses′practice environment and work engagement, and to analyze the impact of practice environment on work engagement. Methods Totally 380 community nurses in 26 community health service institutions were investigated with Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES). Results The effective questionnaires rate was 88.95%(338/380). The total of PES-NWI was 50-120 (90.542±12.095) scores, the different dimension from high to low were medical cooperation,nursing managers' ability and leadership style, high quality nursing service basis, nurses in hospital affairs, staffing and resource adequacy:(3.213 ±0.510), (3.048 ±0.404), (3.015 ±0.419), (2.739 ±0.494), (2.693 ±0.549) scores. The total of UWES was 17-88 (52.189±19.610) scores,the different dimension from high to low were activity, focus, dedication:(3.556±1.380), (3.493±1.389), (3.346±1.475) scores.Nurse practice environment ofnurses in hospital affairs and high quality nursing service basis had significant prediction effect on community nurses′work engagement, P<0.01. Conclusions It exists closely correlation between professional practice environment and work engagement. Community hospital managers should reasonable allocation of personnel and materials, provide equal participations in hospital affairs platform, meet the needs of nurses in different levels of education and learning, and perfecting the community nurses performance appraisal, in order to enhance community nurses' work engagement degree.

ve To explore the effective methods for removing the nitrogen oxides in tobacco smoke main stream. Methods Porphyrin and ferriporphyrin were added into cigarette filter with doses of 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 ?g per cigarette. The effectiveness of removal of nitrogen oxides in tobacco smoke main stream by porphyrin and ferripor-phyrin were determined by muriatic acid naphthaline-ethylene diamine spectrophotometry. Results The contents of nitrogen oxides in tobacco smoke main stream decreased with the increases of the contents of porphyrin and ferripor-phyrin added into the cigarette filters (porphyrin: r= -0.9943, P