Child ; Diarrhea ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards, the effect of Chinese medicine in treatment and health care is more and more prominent. The herbal decoction pieces are the important part of Chinese medicine,it can be applied directly to clinical treatment and it's also the raw material of Chinese patent medicine. Therefore, the quality of herbal decoction pieces is quite important. The parts of the production of herbal decoction pieces are numerous, and there are possibilities of adverse effects on the quality of the herbal decoction pieces in every part. In this paper, we based on the production chain of herbal decoction pieces, analyzed the main problem that affect the quality of herbal decoction pieces in the part of selection of Chinese herbal medicines, planting, purchasing, processing, packaging, storage and transport, such as the poor quality of seed and seedlings of plant-based Chinese medicines, some plants left their place of origin and have been introduced in the place that is not suitable for this kind of plant, the insufficient growth time and the excessive harmful substances. The purchasers and the accepters lack of professional knowledge and professional ethics. The mechanism of processing is not clear, the standards can not be uniformed, and lack of qualified person in processing, etc. So we suggest: intensify the basic research of key scientific issues. Improve the quality of persons who work in herbal decoction pieces; Establish an "integration" mode of operation in herbal decoction pieces enterprise; Breeding high quality plant resources, establish the large-scale planting basement; Make the packing of herbal decoction pieces standard; Establish the modernization traditional Chinese medicine logistics enterprise.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; economics ; manpower ; standards ; Drug Packaging ; economics ; manpower ; standards ; Drug Storage ; economics ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; standards ; Quality Control

Objective: To explore the living standard of young college teachers engaged in psychological counseling in Hunan province.Methods: 44 young college teachers engaged in psychological counseling and 52 control subjects were tested by the generic quality of life inventory-74(GQOLI-74).Results: ① The scores of the living standard were noticeablly different between the young college teachers engaged in psychological counseling and other young college teachers,the scores of the former’s living standard were markedly lower than those of the latter’s.②The total score,scores of factors such as physical distress、 movement and sense function、 overall comments on the living standard,and score of the material life dimension of GQOLI-74 of male young college teachers engaged in psychological counseling were evidently higher than those of female young college teachers’ engaged in psychological counseling.③19 factors and sex which probably influence the overall comments on the living standard were selected regression equation.Conclusion: The young college teachers engaged in psychological counseling have poor life quality and subjective well-being.

Objective To compare the acute complication and short term effect between angioplasty and stent in coronary arteries less than 3 mm Methods There were forty two patients and fifty two vessels attending to the study During procedure, native vessel diameter, stenosis degree and MLD were measured pre operation and post operation, and the clinic features of acute occlusion, subacute thrombosis, acute MI, emergent CABG and death were followed within thirty days after operation Results Stent group showed larger balloon, higher pressure during balloon dilatation, larger vessel lumen and lower residue stenosis than balloon group There were no acute MI, emergent CABG and death in two groups, but one subacute thrombosis in stent group and one acute occlusion in balloon group Conclusion Selective stent in small vessel may reduce acute complication and restenosis after interventional therapy

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of lanthanum carbonate in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in uremic patients underwent maintenance hemodialysis. METHODS:A total of 142 uremic patients with hyperphosphatemia under-went maintenance hemodialysis were selected from Xinqiao Hospital of Third Military Medical University and Chongqing Banan District Hospital of TCM during Jan. 2012-Dec. 2016. They were given Lanthanum carbonate chewable tablets with initial dose of 250 mg,tid,when serum phosphate level ranged 1.78-2.26 mmol/L or with initial dose of 500 mg,tid,when serum phosphate lev-el was >2.26 mmol/L. Drug dosage was adjusted according the level of serum phosphate during treatment. After 1,2,3 months of treatment,the levels of serum phosphate,serum calcium,albumin,parathyroid hormone(PTH)and alkaline phosphatase were de-tected and the corrected product of serum calcium and calcium phosphorus was calculated. The occurrence of ADR was observed. RESULTS:After 1,2,3 months of treatment,the levels of serum phosphate and the product of serum calcium and calcium phos-phorus were all decreased significantly compared to before trreatment,with statistical significance (P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment,the level of corrected serum calcium was decreased significantly compared to before treatment,with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the levels of plasma albumin,calcium phosphorus or PTH before and af-ter treatment (P>0.05). Total response rate was 93.7%. There were 19 cases of patients with mild adverse reactions. CONCLU-SIONS:Lanthanum carbonate in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in uremic patients underwent maintenance hemodialysis shows good clinical response rate,can significantly reduce the levels of serum phosphate and the product of serum calcium and calcium phosphorus with good safety.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P4503A4(CYP3A4) in epilepsy patients treated with carbamazepine,and to provide reference for individual drug regimen.METHOD:Blood samples were collected from epilepsy patients treated with carbamazepines.Mutations in CYP3A4 gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).RESULTS:After screening the 141 subjects,the individual mutation rates of the allele CYP3A4*4 and CYP3A4*6 were 0.71%.No allele CYP3A4*5 was found in 141 subjects.CONCLUSION:CYP3A4 genetic polymorphisms may change the activity of CYP3A4 gene.

?Objective: To study the effects of endogenous bone morphogenic protein 2(BMP 2) and 6(BMP 6) in rat facial nerve after injury. Methods: Facial nerve trunk was cut and then anastomosed in 30 adult male Sprague Dawley rats,another 6 rats without operation were used as the controls. Every 6 rats were killed 6 ,72 h,1, 2 and 4 weeks respectively after operation and nerve specimens were immunohistochemically examined for BMP 2 and BMP 6 expression. Result:In the control nerve the gray level of BMP 2 and BMP 6 were 210.89?8.21 and 232.03?9.25 respectively. 6, 72 h,1, 2 and 4 weeks after operation the gray level of BMP 2 were 242.83?11.01,240.67?7.91,234.46?5.28,232.12?7.27 and 220.71 ?10.19;that of BMP 6 210.75?5.19,204.08?10.85,198,91?8.58,186.37?4.11 and 184.62? 8.45 ,respectively. Conclusion: BMP 2 may play a role in the early irritable actions when facial nerve was injured. However, BMP 6 might have functions in the regeneration of facial nerve during later period after injury.

Objective: To find out the effect of mineralization condition medium on bone marrow stromal cells(MSCs) proliferation,differentiation and the secretion of extracellular matrix. Methods: MSCs of the third passage were induced by minerlization condition medium (?=10%FBS,10 nmol/L dexamethasone,50 mg/L L-vitamin C and 10 mmol/L ?-sodium glycerophosphate in DMEM). The control cells were cultured in DMEM with ?=10% FBS. The cells were observed by inverted microscope. The proliferation status and alkaline phosphatase level of cells were investigated with MTT assay. Mineralization potential was studied by Von-Kossa staining. TypeⅠ,type Ⅲ collagen and BMP synthesis were examined by immunohistochemistry stains. Results:The proliferation of MSCs in mineralization condition medium was decreased, but ALP level was increased(P

The effects of different iodide intakes on the thyroid sodium iodide symporter (NIS) mRNA expression, thyroid hormones, urinary iodine and tissue iodine in thyroid were observed. NIS mRNA expression was elevated; and urinary iodine, thyroid tissue iodine and thyroid hormones were significantly lowered in low iodine group. In high iodine group, NIS mRNA expression was inhibited and thyroid hormones decreased. The results show that NIS is the important component of this autoregulatory mechanism. Both low and high iodine intakes can lead to hypothyroidism.

Objective To explore clinical manifestations, endoscopic and pathologic characteristics, and treatment of gastrointestinal carcinoids, thus improving diagnosis and treatment. Methods The clinical data of a total of 79 cases of gastrointestinal carcinoids discovered via endoscopy and diagnosed pathologically in General Hospital of People's Liberation Army from January 2007 to March 2011 were retrospectively analyzed, including clinical features, appearance in endoscopy, pathological diagnosis, treatment, occurrence of metastasis of the carcinoid, and treatment effects. Furthermore, a review of literature was conducted. Results Among the 79 patients with gastrointestinal carcinoids, those with stomach carcinoids accounted for 12.7% (10/79), duodenal carcinoids 11.4% (9/79), carcinoids of the sigmoid colon 1.3% (1/79), and rectal carcinoid 74.6% (59/79). There were no typical clinical manifestations in all of the 79 patients. Endoscopic findings were primarily polypoid or submucosal tumor. Up to 31 cases were diagnosed through pathological examination of biopsy specimens, whereas 48 cases were diagnosed after operative treatment. Immunohistochemistry was conducted in 41 specimens, and the results indicated that the positive rate of chromaffin granule A(CgA), synaptophysin(Syn), and CD56i was 34.1%, 100%, and 80.5%, respectively. A total of 62 patients were cured successfully under endoscopy. Furthermore, the metastasis rate was low (7.6%, 6/79). Conclusions There was no specific clinical manifestation in the early stage of the carcinoids, and gastrointestinal endoscopy and pathology were the main tools for their discovery and diagnosis. The treatment method for gastrointestinal carcinoid was dependent on the size of tumor, infiltration, and metastasis. Endoscopic treatment should be the first choice for patients who meet the criteria of endoscopic excision.