Objective To explore whether pravastatin protects endothelium against the damage induced by homocysteine (Hcy) in isolated rabbit aorta. Methods Endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to acetylcholine (ACh) of thoracic aortic rings were measured by isometric tension recording before and after aortic rings exposed to Hcy in the absence or presence of pravastatin (PT) to estimate the injury effect of Hcy and the protective effect of pravatatin on rabbit aortic endothelium, respectively. Results Incubation of aortic rings with 1～10mmol/L Hcy for 30min significantly inhibited endothelium-dependent relaxation response to ACh of aortic rings in a concentration-dependent manner. Pre-incubation of aortic rings with 0.3～3mmol/L PT for 15min and co-incubation of aortic rings with 3mmol/L Hcy for another 30min markedly attenuated the inhibition of endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by Hcy in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion Pravastatin can improve the impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by Hcy in isolated rabbit aorta.

To observe the clinical efficacy of diclofenac sodium eye drops for postoperative recurrence of pterygium, and to provide safer drug regimens to prevent the recurrence of pterygium.
● METHODS: From November 2011 to September 2013, 124 patients 134 eyes who underwent surgery because of pterygium in our hospital were randomly divided into trial group ( diclofenac sodium eye drops and sodium hyaluronate eye drops) and control group ( tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and sodium hyaluronate eye drops), all patients were followed up for 3mo ( once a week ) and the cornea, intraocular pressure and recurrence of pterygium were observed and compared between the two groups.
●RESULTS: Followed up for 3mo, 43 cases (45 eyes) in the trial group and 38 cases (39 eyes) in the control group had done the follow up as planned, in which 14 cases (15 eyes) showed the signs of recurrence, 2 cases (3 eyes) recurred eventually in the trial group, and in the meantime there were 12 cases (13 eyes) with signs of recurrence and 2 cases ( 2 eyes ) with a recurrence eventually in the control group, but no statistical difference was found between the two groups (P>0. 05);there were 6 cases (9 eyes) dropped out of the study with a higher intraocular pressure in the control group, compared to trial group (0 cases of 0 eye), the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0. 05); cornea conditions between the two groups had no statistical significance (P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSlON:Diclofenac sodium eye drops is effective and safe in preventing the recurrence of pterygium.

Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal ; therapy ; Humans

This paper aims to develop a method for the determination of aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol and physcion and study the pharmacokinetic properties of four anthraquinones in rat plasma after oral administration of gardenia and rhubarb decoction. The plasma concentrations at different time points of four anthraquinones were determined by HPLC-FLD method. Plasma samples were extracted with liquid-liquid extraction procedure. Plasma samples were separated on a C18 column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 μm), using 0.2% acetic acid and methanol as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) with gradient elution. The excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 430, 525 nm, respectively. DAS 2.0 software was applied to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. The results showed four anthraquinones can be absorbed. The main parameters of aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol and physcion were as follows: C(max) for aloe-emodin was (0.085 ± 0.058), (3.772 ± 1.152), (0.464 ± 0.267), (0.028 ± 0.008) mg x L(-1) respectively; t(max) for rhein was (1.042 ± 0.510), (0.805 ± 0.307), (1.167 ± 0.283), (0.616 ± 0.162) h respectively; t½ for chrysophanol was (3.557 ± 1.250), (6.879 ± 1.126), (5.196 ± 2.032), (4.337 ± 1.816) h; AUC(0-t) for physcion was (0.504 ± 0.130), (9.558 ± 1.106), (2.545 ± 1.554), (0.052 ± 0.018) mg x h x L(-1). This paper developed a selective, accurate and sensitive HPLC-FLD method for the simultaneous determination of four anthraquiones in rat plasma.
Animals ; Anthraquinones ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Aim To investigate the protective effect of RTP1,one of the polysaccharide isolated from Rheum tanguticum,on H2O2 induced apoptosis in IEC-6 cells and its possible mechanism.Methods H2O2(100 mmol?L~-1)was used to induce IEC-6 cell apoptosis.Different doses(10,30,100 mg?L~-1)of RTP1 were administrated before H2O2 was added into IEC-6 cell culture.Cell viability was observed by MTT assay.Reactive oxygen species were measured with laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM).DNA content and percentage of apoptosis were assayed by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis,acridine orange staining and flow cytometry.The activation of Caspase-3 was detected with Western blot analysis.Results Following treatment with H2O2 for 2 h,H2O2 induced a significant decrease in cell viability,while DNA ladder was observed and apoptosis percentage was as high as 31.3%.Accumulation of intracellular ROS and increase in Caspase-3 activity were also detected.Pretreatment with RTP1 for 24 h exhibited cytoprotective effects in a dose-dependent manner.RTP1 obviously enhanced cell viability,reduced formation of DNA ladder and significantly reduced the number of cells labeled with Annexin V.The percentage of apoptosis/necrosis cells was markedly decreased to 24.4% and 21.5%,respectively.LSCM showed that RTP1 attenuated the accumulation of ROS.The significant decrease in Caspase-3 activity was detected.Conclusion RTP1 has cytoprotective capacity to antagonize H2O2-induced IEC-6 cell apoptosis and injury,and this effect may be related to decrease ROS and inhibit Caspase-3 activity

Objective To investigate the relationship between alexithymia and event-related potential P300 in patients with somatoform disorders.Methods Forty-two patients aged 18 to 65 years fulfilling ICD-10 diagnosis criteria for somatoform disorders were recruited as experiment group.Forty normal healthy persons were selected as control group.The Toronto alexthymia scale-20 (TAS-20) was employed to investigate the alexithymia of the subjects.P300 potentials was employed to investigate the cognitive ability of the subjects.A comparison was made between the patients and the healthy subjects.Results The latencies of N1,P2,N2 and P3 were significantly longer in patients with somatoform disorder than those in the normal controls (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),the amplitudes of N2 and P3 were significantly lower in the patients (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The three factors scores and the total score of TAS-20 test in patients with somatoform disorder were significantly lower than those in the normal controls (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).There was significant correlation between the latency and the three factors scores and the total score of TAS-20 as well as between the amplitude of P300 and the three factors scores and the total score of TAS-20:the latencies of N1,P2,N2 and P3 recorded at Pz was positively correlated with the factors scores (r =0.32 ～ 0.48,P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and the amplitudes of N1,P2,N2 and P3 recorded at Pz was negatively correlated with theTAS-20 scores (r=-0.31 ～-0.51,P＜0.05 or0.01).Conclusions There existed significant correlation between the alexithymia and cognitive impairment in patients with somatoform disorders.Both alexithymia and event-related potential P300 can be used as a clinical evaluation index for patients with somatoform disorder.

Objective To study the characteristics and difference of speech rate in monologue and reading in normal adults .Methods Through the acquisition of spontaneous speech and reading from 30 normal adults ,the syl‐lables per minute (SPM ) and the words per minute (WPM )were separately calculated .The monologue materials in‐clude ten topics :self introduction hobby ,hometown and so on;the reading material was the stars in the sky written by Ba Jin .We also analyzed whether there was a significant difference in genders and types of expression for speech rates .Results With the expression of monologue :SPM (male)=226 .13 ± 25 .97 ,SPM (female)=198 .73 ± 40 .With the expression of reading :SPM (male)= 208 .93 .13 ± 29 .35 ,SPM (female)= 220 .53 .± 26 .52 ,WPM (male)=104 .67 ± 13 .43 ,WPM (female)=111 .80 ± 12 .73 .Pearson correlation coefficient of SPM and WPM had reached 0 .926(r=0 .926) in the spontaneous speech and 0 .969 (r=0 .969) in reading .There were no significant differences in both genders (P=0 .42) and types of expression(P=0 .72) .The interaction effect of genders and types of ex‐pression was significant (P=0 .006) .For females ,the rate of reading was significantly higher than monologue (P=0 .025);for monologue ,there was a significant difference between males and females(P=0 .035) .The male was higher than the female in the speed of monologue .Conclusion The statistics revealed a high correlation between SPM and WPM .Genders and types of expression did not play an important role on the speech rate .The interactioneffect of gender and type of expression was significantly high (P=0 .006) .

Objective To investigate the effect of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on the occurrence,development of post-stroke depression (PSD).Methods The literatures on the relationship between 5-HT and PSD were selected from databases such as Wanfang Data,CNKI and PubMed before in 2010-2014.According to absorption and exclusion criteria of the literature,collect literatures,and summary,induce and analyze on them.Results Search 258 literatures and accept 44 literatures accorded with the criteria,including the relationship between 5-HT and PSD,the relationship between 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (5-HTR) gene polymorphism and PSD,the relationship between 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) and PSD,and the treatment of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in PSD.Conclusion Reduced levels of 5-HT lead to the occurrence of PSD,and they had a negative correlation;5-HTR 1 A,5-HTR2A are related genes of PSD;S allele and S/S genotype is susceptible factors of PSD,while the L allele is the protective factors of PSD;SSRIs can increase the level of 5-HT in the synaptic gap so as to improve the depressive symptoms of PSD.In the future,it is necessary to increase the sample size to confirm the relationship between 5-HT and PSD,and combine with other factors to explore the relationship between them.

Post-stroke aphasia is an acquired language disorder caused by stroke.It impaired the quality of life of patients and brought a heavy burden to family and the society.Unfortunately,the highly variable predictive factors make the prognosis of aphasia recovery difficult.Much of the researches indicated that the post-stroke aphasia recovery is associated with the patient-related and stroke-related factors.We searched the recent advances on the influence of patient-related factors and stroke-related factors on aphasia recovery.It showed that patient-related factors have no obvious effect on predicting aphasia recovery while the lesion (stroke)-related factors appeared close correlation with post-stroke aphasia recovery.The clinicians should pay more attention on lesion (stroke)-related factors when evaluate the outcome and give the intervention measures.

To describe a modified simple iris suture for pupillary dilation technique during vitrectomy in cases with a miotic pupil.Four translimbal incisions were created with a sharp straight blade at 1:30,10:30,4:30,and 7:30 o'clock,respectively.The straight needle of 10-0 polypropylene suture and a Sinskey IOL hook was used to displace the pupillary margin toward the limbus.In 3 cases,four sutures caused a 6-mm to 9-mm square-shaped pupil,and the pupil was allowed to return to a smaller size at the end of the operation.It is simple and may reduce postoperative complications.