Objective To systematically review the diagnostic value of microRNA(miRNA) quantitation in breast cancer .Meth-ods Literatures about miRNA and breast cancer diagnosis were selected by retrieving Medline ,Embase and Cochrane Library .Ac-cording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria ,the literatures were independently screened ,and a 2 × 2 contingency table was con-structed .Quality of literatures was assessed by quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies(QUADAS) .Statistical analysis was performed by employing Meta-Disc 1 .4 software and STATA 11 .0 .Results 16 studies were included ,which contained 1 303 patients and 711 control samples .There were threshold effects among these studies (the spearman′s correlation coefficient was-0 .758 ,P=0 .001) .A random effects model was used for meta-analysis .The summary sensitivity ,specificity ,positive likelihood ratio ,negative likelihood ratio ,and diagnostic odds ratio for miRNA in breast cancer diagnosis were 0 .77(95% CI:0 .75 -0 .79) , 0 .77(95% CI:0 .74-0 .80) ,4 .19(95% CI:2 .79-6 .30) ,0 .25(95% CI:0 .19-0 .35) ,19 .91(95% CI:9 .68-40 .95) .The area un-der curve of SROC was 0 .895 0 .Conclusion These results suggest that miRNAs have potential value to diagnose breast cancer . However ,effective diagnosis of breast cancer still needs to be conducted with assistance of clinical findings and traditional lab inves-tigations .

Objective To explore the relative expression of plasma miR-199a-5p and miR-200c-3p in gastric adenocarcinoma cancer(GAC) patients and its clinical value.Methods Case-control study was used in this research.The relative expression of plasma miR-199a-5p and miR-200c-3p from 47 GAC patients and 50 healthy controls were determined by RT-PCR ( TaqMan Probe method).Meanwhile, the association with age, gender, tumor location, size, degree of differentiation, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and other clinical pathological parameters were analyzed.The expression of these two miRNAs in plasma of 30 GAC patients during preoperation was compared with their expression 6-8 days after radical surgery.The sensitivity and specificity of plasma miRNAs expression for the diagnosis of GAC were analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC ) curve.SPSS20.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.T-test, paired t-test and one-factor ANOVA were used for normal distribution of quantitative data.Results The plasma level of miR-199a-5p in GAC patients was significantly lower(1.05 ±0.22) (t =3.058,P =0.003), while miR-200c-3p was significantly higher(15.15 ±3.02) (t =-2.854,P=0.006), when they were compared with those in controls(26.80 ±8.38, 3.39 ±0.87).Low miR-199a-5p expression in GAC patients were associated with lymph node metastasis ( F =4.725, P =0.029) and the differentiation degree of gastric cancer(F=3.854,P=0.032).The relative expression of miR-199a-5p in postoperative plasma was significantly increased(t=-3.814,P=0.001), but the relative expression of miR-200c-3p was significantly reduced when compared to the preoperative samples(t=2.978, P=0.006).Area under the ROC curve of miR-199a-5p, miR-200c-3p and combined miR-199a-5p and miR-200c-3p were 0.692, 0.792 and 0.798, the sensitivity and specificity were 87%,97%,92.5% and 43%,54%, 65%, respectively.Conclusion Combined detection of miR-199a-5p and miR-200c-3p in plasma has a higher sensitivity and specificity than the conventional tumor marker CEA and CA19-9, and may be a useful combination for gastric cancer diagnosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the misdiagnostic reason and treatment of the syndrom of splenic flexure of colon(SSFC). MethodsThe clonical data of 21 patients with SSFC admitted from May 1993 to May 2001 were retrospectively analysed. ResultsThese patients aged from 51 to 88 years old with a median age of 67.8years.Clinical manifestalion was repetitive stomach pain, abdominal distension, constipation, etc. Double contrast radiology of colon demonstrated that too high fixation site of colon of splenic flexure, volvulus of colon of splenic flexure, and displacement of colon usually occurred together with transverse or sigmoid colon redundant.All of them were cured by cololysis of colon of splenic flexure, redundant partial colectomy and managing other companying diseases.Postoperative pathological diagnoses were chronic colitis.Followed up was done for 6 months to 6 years, all of them released from primary symptoms. ConclusionsThe main misdiagnostic reason of SSFC is less understanding of SSFC and did not take double contrast radiology of colon. By way of cololysis of splenic flexure, redundant colon resection and managment other companying abdominal diseases, most patients with SSFC may expect satisfactory treatment effects.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cause of sentinel lymph node biopsy failure and false negative result in vital blue injection for breast cancer.

METHODSEight-four female breast cancer patients were injected with vital blue to find the sentinel lymph nodes during operation. All patients were treated by the traditional radical or modified radical mastectomy with axillary dissection after sentinel node biopsy. All sentinel nodes, axillary lymph nodes and dissected specimens were submitted separately to pathological examination.

RESULTSSentinel node was not identified at the time of operation in 11 patients, giving a failure rate of 13.1%. In 73 patients in whom sentinel nodes were identified, 32 (43.8%) revealed cancer invasion. Postoperative axillary node pathology showed cancer metastasis in all of them. Two patients who showed uninvaded sentinel nodes were demonstrated to have axillary node metastasis. These were the two false negative patients. Therefore, the prediction of axillary metastasis by the sentinel node biopsy showed a sensitivity of 90.4%, a specificity of 100% and a false negative rate of 2.7%.

CONCLUSIONFailure in identifying the sentinel nodes in vital blue injection is related to the degree of mastering the technique and the method of injection. The cause of false negative result is due to an extensive primary tumor and the variation in the position of the sentinel lymph nodes.

Adult ; Aged ; Axilla ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; False Negative Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

Objective To investigate the level of plasma MALAT1 in breast cancer(BC)patients and its clinical significance.Methods The expression levels of MALAT1 different fragments were detected in plasma from 10 healthy controls.The expressions of GAPDH and MALAT1 of plasma samples collected from 102 preoperative breast cancer patients,64 postoperative breast cancer patients,47 breast benign tumor patients and 50 healthy controls were determined by RT-qPCR.The potential association between plasma GAPDH level and cases′clinicopathologic features was analyzed to evaluate the stability of GAPDH. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was constructed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of MALAT1,CA153 and CEA for breast cancer.Meanwhile, the association between MALAT1 level and the clinicopathologic features and the expressions of MALAT 1 between preoperative and postoperative BC patients were analyzed.T-test and one-factor ANOVA test were used for normal distribution of quantitative data.The rank sum test was used for non-normal distribution of data.Results GAPDH level was stable in female plasma and was not affected by age and pathology(P>0.05).GAPDH can be used as a reference for plasma lncRNA detection.The levels of different MALAT1 fragments were inconsistent(χ2=27.042,P<0.001).Levels of MALAT1 were significantly elevated in preoperative BC patients[5.58(2.17-12.34)] compared with breast benign tumor patients and healthy controls[1.08(0.61 -2.58)(Z=6.209,P<0.001),1.63(0.98 -3.51)(Z=4.871,P<0.001)].However, there was no significantly difference between breast benign tumor patients and healthy controls(Z=-1.675,P=0.094).The MALAT1 levels of low grade patients(gradeI and II)were higher than those of breast benign tumor patients(Z=5.593,P<0.001).The relative expression of MALAT1 in postoperative plasma was significantly reduced(Z=-2.248,P=0.025).Areas under the ROC curve of MALAT1,CA153 and CEA were 0.744,0.619 and 0.553 respectively.The sensitivity and specificity were 54.1%,60.0%,70.0% and 86.3%,66.7%, 44.1%respectively.The levels of MALAT1 were associated with TNM stage(Z=-1.982,P=0.047), lymph node metastasis(Z=-2.186,P=0.029)and tumor differentiation(Z=-2.435,P=0.015). Conclusion The expressions of MALAT1 were highly elevated in BC patients.Plasma MALAT1 may be an important biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Identification of genetic variants via high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies has been essential for both fundamental and clinical studies. However, to what extent the genome sequence composition affects variant calling remains unclear. In this study, we identified 63,897 multi-copy sequences (MCSs) with a minimum length of 300 bp, each of which occurs at least twice in the human genome. The 151,749 genomic loci (multi-copy regions, or MCRs) harboring these MCSs account for 1.98％of the genome and are distributed unevenly across chromosomes. MCRs containing the same MCS tend to be located on the same chromosome. Gene Ontology (GO) anal-yses revealed that 3800 genes whose UTRs or exons overlap with MCRs are enriched for Golgi-related cellular component terms and various enzymatic activities in the GO biological function cat-egory. MCRs are also enriched for loci that are sensitive to neocarzinostatin-induced double-strand breaks. Moreover, genetic variants discovered by genome-wide association studies and recorded indbSNP are significantly underrepresented in MCRs. Using simulated HTS datasets, we show that false variant discovery rates are significantly higher in MCRs than in other genomic regions. These results suggest that extra caution must be taken when identifying genetic variants in the MCRs via HTS technologies.