Diabetic retinopathy (DR),one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus,leads to the increasing blindness rate,which seriously affects the quality of life in diabetic patients.Although the actual mechanism of DR is not yet completely clear,mounting evidence suggests that the development of DR may be associated with inflammatory processes and inflammatory factors,such as C-reactive protein (CRP),chemotatic factor,adhesion molecule,interleukin,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),serum amyloid A (SAA).Usage of glucocorticoids,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),minocycline and anti-inflammatory factors to inhibit inflammatory process would be a new approach to the treatment of DR.This article reviews the current studies about the effects of inflammatory reaction and inflammatory factor in the pathogenesis of DR,mechanism of suppressing inflammatory response and anti-inflammatory factor in the treatment of DR.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of myocardial damage by combined determination of cardiac troponin I(cTnI),myoglobin(MYO) and creatine kinase isoenzyme MB mass(CK-MB mass) in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods The concentrations of serum cTnI,MYO and CK-MB mass were measured in 148 patients with HIE(61 mild,52 moderate and 35 severe) and in 60 healthy subjects by microparticle chemiluminescent immunoassay.Results The study revealed that patients with severe and moderate HIE had sighifieant high levels of cTnI,MYO and CK-MB mass as compared with those with mild HIE and controls(analysis of variance ,P0.05).Not only in mild HIE but also in moderate HIE as well as in severe HIE in the first day of life,the abnormal ratio of MYO were the highest.In the third day of life,the seroprevalence of cTnI,MYO and CK-MB mass in mild HIE group were 6.56%,9.84% and 8.20%,respectively;and those of moderate HIE group were 42.31%,44.23% and 42.31%,respectively;and severe HIE group had the highest abnormal ratio of cTnI(77.14%),MYO(74.29%) and CK-MB mass(77.14%).After the third day,the concentration of MYO in three HIE groups kept reduced but the CK-MB mass and cTnI increased to the peak and maintained above one week at higher levels.Conclusion There is a close association between the cardiac dysfunction and cerebral injury in neonates with HIE.The more cerebral injury the patients have,the more severe cardiac dysfunction they would suffer.

AIM: To optimize technique for preparing curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles by film-ultrasonic dispersion. METHODS: The influence of various factors,including the consumption of curcumin,stearic acid,lecithin and tween-80,and their effects on the entrapment efficiency and the ratio of loading drug were investigated.And the optimum formula was selected through uniform design test. RESULTS: Under the condition of 30 mg of curcumin,60 mg of lecithin,117 mg of stearic acid and 10 mL of tween-80(1.0%) curcumin solid lipid nanoparticals had good size distributions.The mean particle size diameter was 58.0 nm and the average entrapment efficiency and the ratio of loading drug approached 95.98% and 15.87%,respectively. CONCLUSION: The technique for preparing curcumin solid lipid nanoparticals N by film ultrasonic method is feasible.

OBJECTIVE To analyze and evaluate the risk factors,clinical characteristics and prevention counter-measures of hospital fungal infection in patients with gynecological malignant tumors.METHODS The clinical data of hospital fungal infection in 19 cases from 213 tumor patients were reviewed.RESULTS The infection rate was up to 8.92%.The locations of infection were genital tract(73.68%) and then the mouth cavity(21.05%);the key fungi were Candida albicans and C.glablata.CONCLUSIONS The key to reduction of hospital fungal infection after malignant tumors is to reduce susceptible factors,enhance immunity and timely examine and treat the infection.

It is necessary to have a research on dental fluorosis in a population to minimize the prevalence and severity of caries.It is important to research the pathogenesis of enamel fluorosis and prevention and control of dental fluorosis and caries.This article reviews the progress in chemistry and biology of dental fluorosis.

Objective: To observe the histomorphology/pathology changes and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in drowning rats brain, in an attempt to explore new pathways for treatment of water drowning. Methods: The animal model of freshwater drowning was established with rats. The rats were randomly divided into the following groups: control group, drowning-to- death group and 2 min-drowning group (including 5 subgroups survived for 3, 6, 12, 24, and 40 hours after being drowned in water for 2 min [n=10]). Brain indices of rats in each group were detected and the pathological changes of cerebral tissues were observed; the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF were detected immunohistochemically and the correlation between them was analyzed. The dynamic blood oxygen saturation was detected in rats survived for 40 h after 2 min-drowning at different points. Results: Brain index of the drowning group and groups surviving for 24, 40 hours after drowning were obviously higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Brain indices of the drowning-to-death group and the 24 h, 40 h survival groups were obviously higher than that of the control group; and those of the 3 h, 12 h survival groups were obviously lower than that of the drowning-to-death group but higher than that of the normal control group (P<0.05). The blood oxygen saturation was (59=5)% immediately after drowning and then gradually increased and reached the normal level after 12 h. The cerebral edema appeared 3 h after drowning and was gradually aggravated from 12 h to 24 h after drowning, then slightly relieved 40 h after drowning. There was no expression of HIF-1α in the control group and lower expression in drowning-to-death group; the expression of HIF-1α gradually increased with the increase of drowning period and reached peak 12 h after drowning(P<0.05); the expression of VEGF had a similar pattern to HIF-1α. The expression of HIF-1α was positively correlated with that of VEGF(r=0.629,P<0.05). Conclusion: Freshwater drowning can cause serious cerebral injury. The brain can be protected from oxygen deficiency by promoting synthesis of HIF 1α and subsequent upregulation of VEGF expression.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of combining Yuan-Primary and Luo-Connecting points in treating insomnia due to imbalance between heart and kidney, for providing novel method and evidence for the treatment of insomnia with acupuncture-moxibustion.Method Totally 100 insomnia patients due to imbalance between heart and kidney were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 50 in each. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture at Yuan-Primary and Luo-Connecting points, while the control group was by conventional acupuncture. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were observed before and after intervention for efficacy evaluation.Result The PSQI item scores were significantly changed after intervention in both groups (P<0.05). The SAS and SDS scores were significantly different from that before treatment in both groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the SAS and SDS scores of the treatment group were significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.05). The recovery rate and total effective rate were 26.0% and 92.0% in the treatment group versus 12.0% and 86.0% in the control group, and there was a significant difference in comparing the recovery rate (P<0.05).Conclusion Combining use of Yuan-Primary and Luo-Connecting points is an effective approach in treating insomnia due to imbalance between heart and kidney.

With the progress of imaging techniques, the diagnosis rate for portal vein thrombosis (PVT), that is used to be considered as a rare disease, has been rapidly increasing. PVT can be caused by systemic reasons such as various thrombophilic risk factors as well as a lot of local reasons such as cirrhosis, abdominal trauma and infection, malignant tumor, etc. At present, PVT is classified into acute and chronic entities based on the duration of clinical symptoms as well as on the presence or absence of portal cavernous transformation. The clinical manifestations and the treatment principles of the acute and chronic PVT are quite different. For acute PVT, the principle of treatment is to reopen the obstructed portal vein and to prevent the thrombus from entering into the superior mesenteric vein, while for chronic PVT the principle of treatment is focused on the management of the complications due to portal hypertension. The interventional management of portal thrombus plays an important role in reopening portal vein, reducing complications caused by portal hypertension, and restoring portal blood flow, etc. This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about the etiology and management of portal vein thrombosis.

Objective To compare the influence of resin core on overall bending strength of fiber post-core restoration.Methods 60 mandibular first premolar extracted because of orthodontic treatment was selected.3M light -cured composite resin P60,medental dual-cured resin,pulpdent dual-cured resin combined with viva carbon fiber reinforced glass fiber post were applied.The changes of teeth in vitro were observed when strength was given on.Results The flexural strength of 3M light-cured composite resin was (80.182 ±9.512)N,Medental dual-cured resin was (87.805 ± 11.649) N,Pulpdent dual-cured resin was (85.458 ± 10.845) N.The flexural strength of 3 M light-cured composite resin was lower than that of medental dual-cured resin and pulpdent dual-cured resin (t =5.758,3.084,both P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical differences of flexural strength between medental dual-cured resin and pulpdent dual-cured resin(t =0.718,P ＞ 0.05).There was large area of resin broken off after 3M light-cured composite resin core fracture.There was only fracture of medental dual-cured resin core and pulpdent dual-cured resin core.Conclusion The bending strength of dual-cured resin is better than that of highly filled light curing composite resin in large tooth hard tissue defect restoration with fiber post-core,and core broken off is rare.Dual-cured resin is better post-core materials.

Objective:To investigate the impact of butylphthalide on homocysteine, CRP and nerve function in the patients with a-cute progressive cerebral infarction. Methods:Totally 122 cases of patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into the observation group (n=60) and the control group (n=62). The control group was treated with the routine treatment, and the ob-servation group was treated with butylphthalide additionally. The treatment course was two weeks. The total effective rate, blood Hcy, the level of plasma CRP and the changes of neurological function deficits scale in both groups before and after the treatment were ob-served and compared. Results:The overall response rate in the observation group (81. 67%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (64. 52%). After the treatment, the blood Hcy and CRP in both groups were significantly lower than that before the treatment(P<0. 05), and that of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0. 05). The neuro-logical function deficits scale in both groups were significantly lower than that before the treatment(P<0. 05), and that of the observa-tion group was significantly lower than that of the control group at the same period. The two groups during the treatment showed no sig-nificant adverse reactions. Conclusion: The effect of butylphthalide in the patients with acute cerebral infarction is effective, which can reduce blood Hcy, the level of plasma CRP and the neurological function deficits scale, and improve the neurological function with-out obvious adverse reactions during the treatment course.