Objective To popularize preoperative "Time-out" procedure in order to strengthen safety management of surgical patient. Methods A feasible scheme was raised up by learning from the practical experience of Hongkong Mary Hospital and combining the medical system in Guangdong province and nursing model. Results No surgical accident happened after application of "Time-out" procedure in opera tion room of Hongkong Mary Hospital. Conclusions Preoperative "Time-out" procedure is one of the important measure to ensure the safety of surgical patients and prevent surgical accident. Managers in operation room should popularize this process according to actual situation in order to guarantee correct surgery on correct part of correct patients.

Objective To establish a novel glucocorticoid (GC)-resistant human diffuse large B lymphoma(DLBCL) cell line Toledo/dexamethasone (DEX) by the exposure to DEX,and observe the biological characteristics of resistant and parental cell line,investigate the mechanisms of glucocorticoid-resistance.Methods Toledo/DEX was established by the exposure to DEX,the dose of which was increased gradually and intermittently for long periods of time.Toledo,in the logarithmic growth phage,was incubated in the culture medium containing DEX at the concentration of 1×10-8 mol/L at first.The medium without DEX was replaced after for 96 hours until the cell line re-entered the logarithmic growth phase.Repeat the above steps to acquire the ultimate concentration of DEX in the medium as 1.024 ×10-5 mol/L.The biological characteristics of resistant and parental cell lines were evaluated.Results Toledo/DEX was more invasive in the aspects of ultrastructure,tumorigenicity and drug sensitivity.Meanwhile,Toledo/DEX achieved some stable biological characteristics such as morphology,karyotypes and immunophenotype.Furthermore,GC receptor (GR) α and GR β protein expression analysis showed that GR was involved in the mechanism of the GCresistance.Conclusions Toledo/DEX is a drug-resistant cell line with a stable biology backgroud.These results may help shed light on the knowledge of GC-resistance and lay the groundwork for searching new therapeutics to reverse drug-resistance.

The reproduction of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus in the midgut epithelia cells and the other sensitive tissues was observed by electron microscopy. The reproducing viruses in the midgut epithelia cells were mostly without envelopes, and thte polyhedrons were seldom formed. The reproduciing viruses in the other sensitive cells were with envelopes, and packed in polyhedrons.

AIM:To study the effect of different quantities of carboxymethyl chitosan(CMCT) modification to the pharmacokinetic performance of PTX-LP in rats.METHODS:Plasma was extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether and Norethisterone was employed as internal standard after i.v.unmodified PTX-LP,(0.1)%CMCT modified PTX-LP and(0.2)%CMCT modified PTX-LP in rats.Plasma samples were analyzed on a C_(18) column at 227 nm and the mobile phase was methanol and water(6535,v/v).RESULTS:The plasma concentration-time profile in rats after iv.unmodified PTX-LP,(0.1)% CMCT modified PTX-LP and(0.2)% CMCT modified PTX-LP follow bi-exponential disposition.T_(1/2?) are(11.20),(15.55) and(30.6) h respectively,AUC were(2541.99),(2748.78) and(3451.64)(mg?L~(-1)?min) for each of them.CONCLUSION:Significant changes of in vivo pharmacokinetic performance have been found after CMCT modification to PTX-LP in rats by comparison with unmodified LP.T_(1/2?) and circulation time in plasma have been lengthened and AUC has been improved in some extent.We found that this kind of long circulating action had some correlation with the quantities of CMCT employed.

Objective: To examine the cytotoxic properties of both the kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed extract and kenaf seed oil on human cervical cancer, human breast cancer, human colon cancer and human lung cancer cell lines.Methods:kenaf seed oil on human cancer cell lines was evaluated by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and sulforhodamine B assays. Cell morphological changes were observed by using an inverted light microscope.Results:The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed extract and cancer cell lines. Morphological alterations in the cell lines after KSE and KSO treatment were observed. KSE and KSO possessed effective cytotoxic activities against all the cell lines been selected.Conclusions:KSE and KSO could be potential sources of natural anti-cancer agents. Further The kenaf seed extract (KSE) exhibited a lower IC50 than kenaf seed oil (KSO) in all of the investigations on using kenaf seeds for anti-proliferative properties are warranted.

Objective · To investigate the clinical effect of intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME).Methods · Eleven patients (17 eyes) with DME (inflammatory type) received intravitreal injection of Conbercept monthly. After the first treatment, the patients were treated on demand. Follow-up after treatment for more than 6 months, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT),diminished rate of DME and result of fundusfluorescein angiography(FFA) of DME eyes before and after treatment were compared. Results · During a follow-up of 7-29 months [(12±7) months], the injections were given 1-10 times [(4±3) times]. The results showed that the treatment effects on improving BCVA (logMAR) and diminishing of CRT were significant (t=7.306, P=0.001; t=5.272, P=0.000). The diminished rate of DME of our patients was 76.5%. Conclusion · Intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of DME is effective on reducing macular edema and improving visual acuity.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To observe the effect of high glucose on the protein expression of calreticulin ( CRT) and its association with cell apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in the cardiomyocytes.METHODS: AC-16 cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into normal glucose group, high glucose group, high glucose+CRT siRNA group and isotonic con-trol group.The cell apoptotic rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential level, respiratory enzyme activity, and protein expression of CRT were observed.RESULTS: Compared with the cardiomyocytes in normal glucose group, the apoptotic rate and ROS production of cardiomyocytes increased in high glucose group, accompanying with the decreases in the mitochondrial membrane potential level and enzyme activitiy of the respiratory chain.The protein expression of CRT was significantly increased in high glucose group.However, compared with high glucose group, high glucose+CRT siRNA decreased the expression of CRT and attenuated the damage of mitochondria, but CRT siRNA did not reduce the ROS level in cardiomyocytes.CONCLUSION:High glucose brings about CRT over-expression to induce mito-chondrial injury, thus increasing myocardial apoptosis.

Background Research showed that transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) promotes scar formation.But its mechanism in scarring after glaucoma filtration surgery is worthy of studying.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of TGF-β2 on myofibroblast transition of human Tenon fibroblasts (HTFs) and scarring after glaucoma filtration surgery.Methods Tenon capsular tissue was obtained from 3 patients with strabismus during the surgery and was incubated in DMEM with 10％ fetal bovine serum (FBS).The cells were collected and passaged in the free-serum medium for 24 hours,and then 1,2,5,10,20 μg/L TGF-β2 was added into the medium respectively,to induce the transformation of HTFs,and 2 μg/L or 5 μg/L TGF-β2 was used to treat the HTFs for 6,24,48 and 72 hours.The control group was not treated with TGF-β2.The expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and phosphorylation of the signaling proteins (pSmad2) in HTFs were detected by Western blot assay.The expressions of α-SMA and F-actin were located by cell immunofluorescine technique under the confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.Cell contractility was determined by collagen gel contraction assays.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Institute of Surgery Research of Daping Hospital,and informed consent was obtained from each patient or custodian initial of the study.Results The expression of α-SMA protein in the HTFs was increased significantly after the treatment of TGF-β2 in comparison with the control group and reached a peak at 24-48 hours.The α-SMA expression was gradually weakened in the 10 μg/L TGF-β2 groups.Little of α-SMA and F-actin were expressed in the control group.However,strong staining for α-SMA and F-actin were observed in the 1,2 and 5 μg/L TGF-β2 groups and then the staining weakened at the concentration of 10 μg/L.In addition,pSmad2 showed a stronger expression in the 2 μg/L TGF-β2 group than that in the PBS group and FBS group,with the strongest expression in 30 minutes through 2 hours.The untreated gel contracted (78.00±3.13)％ from its initial size,and contraction in the 1,2,5,10 μg/L TGF-β2 group were (63.88±1.78)％,(20.69±0.65)％,(19.49-±0.54)％,(16.24±0.84) ％,respectively,TGF-β2 increased HTFs contraction significantly (Fgroup =859.400,P =0.000).Conclusions TGF-β2 can induce transdifferentiation of Tenon fibroblast into myofibroblast and increase cell contractility,with a concentration-dependent and time-dependent pattern to an extent.It may be the mechanism of scar formation after glaucoma filter surgery.

Objective To observe the effect of S-adenosyl-L-methionine(SAMe) in treatment of jaundice in newborns and its mechanism.Methods Two hundred and two newborn infants with jaundice were treated with SAMe,76 cases in control group treated with phototherapy and liver enzyme induction elixir;SAMe 30-60 mg/(kg?d) were added to 202 cases intravenously in treatment group.The total biliorubin(T-BILI),direct bilinrubin(D-BILI) and indirect bilinrubin(I-BILI) were dynamically detected.Results Six days after treatment,the skin jaundice index in treatment group decreased remarkably.T-BILI,D-BILI and I-BILI decreased significantly.The curing effectiveness was higher in treatment group than that in control group.The number of applicating blood products and albumin,and blood produets/albumin were decreased in treatment group than those in control group.In those who used glucose to dissolve the SAMe 2.68% had blood-vessel phlebitis.Conclusions SAMe can efficiently quicken the retrogression of jaundice in newborns.It can reduce the use of blood products.It is a reliable and safe drug to treat jaundice in newborns.

Objective To explore the aesthetic results of medial upper Iip repair for skin and soft tissue defects using local flap.Methods According to the location and the size of upper lip defect,the modified rhomboid flap of 60 ° above the defect was designed to repair the wound in philtrum;the O-L flap along philtral column to vermilion border was designed to cover the wound close to the peak and lateral to philtral column.Results Twenty-one postoperative patients that underwent pigmented nevus removal (12 female,9 male;ages 16-33 years) had defects in philtrum for 10 cases and close to the peak and philtral column for 11 cases.The diameter of the defect ranged from 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm.All flaps survived primarily without any complications and follow-up was for 1 to 18 months with excellent outcomes in all cases.All patients were satisfied with contour and functions.No pigmented nevus recurrence occurred.Conclusions The flap designed according to the aesthetic principle could be used to repair medial upper lip defect of medium-sized,which not only obtains functional reconstruction,but also satisfies aesthetic results,with aesthetic subunits saved and scar concealed.