OBJECTIVE: To discuss the current status of pharmaceutical advertising market in China for improved regulatory control. METHODS:The positive contribution of pharmaceutical advertising to the economy and society was analyzed, and the reasons behind fraudulent drug ads that occurred frequently in recent years were examined. RESULTS&CONCLUSION: Pharmaceutical advertising forms the mainstay of China's advertising market, which is needed for marketing purposes. To regulate fraudulent drug ads, related regulatory control should be strengthened in combination with enhancing consumers' knowledge.

Objective:To achieve the fixed assets, in particular medical devices more efficient, comprehensive, in-depth digital lifecycle management. Methods: By analyzing the various stages of the development of fixed asset management process, and make the whole process of the overall process design dynamic fixed assets management system based on the existing problems and the actual job requirements and future directions. Results:The establishment of a management system based on the third edition of the whole process of dynamic fixed asset management concepts. Conclusion: The whole process of dynamic fixed assets management system to achieve full life-cycle coverage, all departments involved in, real progress can be found working the steps and other functions, improve work efficiency and quality of care, improve the overall management of the hospital.

Silicosis ; diagnosis ; Terminology as Topic

The incidence of nosocomial infections in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) is high. Nosocomial infections is one of the most common causes of neonatal death in critically ill neonates. Strategies for the prevention nosocomial infections include hand hygiene practices,prevention of central venous catheter-related infection and ventilator-associated pneumonias, antifungal prophylaxis, skin care, early enteral feeding and probioties. Effective prevention and control nosocomial infections in NICU may decrease neonatal mortality,hospitaliztion stay and hospital costs.This review focuses on the latest preventive strategies for nosocomial infections in NICU.

Objective To introduce a reliable method to induce neural stem cells directed differentiating into neurons in vitro. Methods The rat neural stem cells were cultured in selected serum-free medium. After cultured for 2, 3 passages,the neurospheres or single-cells isolated from neurospheres were cultured in conditioned medium to induce directed differentiating into neurons. Besides morphological observation of those cells under inverted microscope, NSE immunocytochemistry was carried out to detect the differentiating ratio of those cells from neural stem cells into neurons. Results It was shown that the conditioned medium could induce neural stem cells differentiating into neurons effectively in both neurospheres culture mode or single-cells culture mode. Furthermore, compared with the neurospheres culture mode, the single-cells culture mode showed more synchronous in the differentiation process and higher in the percentage of NSE-positive cells. Conclusion This method can induce neural stem cells directed differentiating into neurons effectively and stablely.

With the scientific and technological progress and rapid development of the social economy, the extensive application of various electronic equipments has gradually intensified the possibility of ELF-EMF(extreme low frequency electromagnetic fields) exposure, the relationship between ELF-EMF exposure and health effects attracted more and more eyes and many corresponding researches have been finished. In recent years, a lot of epidemiological researches about the relationship between ELF-EMF and leukemia, brain tumor, breast cancer and other tumors have been done at home and abroad, in the present paper the research results were reviewed and the possible mechanism of the effect of ELF-EMF exposure on tumors was discussed.

Objective To investigate the effects of copper and zinc on the activity of cytochrome oxidase(COX)in neurons of rats and go further into the effect on energy metabolism of neurons.Methods After separate culturing of primary neurons and glial cells of the cortex of postnatal rats,neurons were treated with cupric sulphate at0,0.05,0.16,0.5mmol /L,zinc acetate at0,0.05,0.16,0.5mmol /L independently,and copper-zinc3?3pattern.Activi-ty of cytochrome oxidase was assessed with cytochemical method and imaging quantitative analysis.Results When neurons were treated with cupric sulphate at0.16?0.5mmol /L independently,COX activities in experimental groups significantly decreased compared with that in the control group,but there was no significant difference between the other groups treated with cupric sulphate or zinc acetate and the control group.When neurons were treated with copper com-bined with zinc,interaction on activity of COX showed no significance.Conclusion Copper could down-regulate and damage the activity of COX significanty,which was the most crucial energy metabolism enzyme,but combinning expo-sure of copper and zinc did not show significant interaction at the used levels.

[Objective]This paper sums up professor Wang Xu's experience of differentiating and treating Pidan. [Methods]Through summarizing professor Wang Xu's experience of differentiating and treating principles of prediabetic state, final y we use a case to analyze the specialty of professor Wang Xu's differentiating and treating prediabetic state.[Results]When my teacher deals with the clinical symptoms, she always relegates prediabetic state to Pidan. She establishes the theory from the organ of spleen. In the therapy, she confirms the treatment through trading off among the phlegm, the turbid, the lipid and the stagnated blood. The major therapy is damaging the remaining pathogenesis, replenishing the deficiency, clearing the heat, removing the blood stasis, tradding off al kinds of factors. One sentence summing up is removing the pathological and physiological metabolites generating from the body. Also, she applies the traditional Chinese drugs flexibly which can strengthen the spleen, nourish ying, or adjust the blood according to the deficiency and heat which is more obvious. The most importantly, she suggests the theory that strengthening the spleen can prevent the procession of prediabetic state.[Conclusions] When professor Wang Xu deals with the clinical symptoms, she always relegates prediabetic state to Pidan. And she confirms the therapeutic principles rooting in the spleen. Most of al , the clinical therapeutic effect is notable.

Objective To investigate the incidence and the risk factors of the vascular disease in lower limbs of patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM).Methods To retrospectively analyze 318 cases with T2DM patients.All the patients were checked on both lower limbs by color ultrasonic Doppler.The differences of ordinary and biochemical indicators between PVD group and non-PVD group were compared.Results There were 67.2％ (205/318) patients who had vascular disease in lower limbs with type 2 diabetes.Age,course of disease,HbAlC,TC,TG,SBP,DBP and BMI in PVD group were significantly higher than those in non-PVD group( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion There was higher incidence of the vascular disease in lower limbs of patients with type 2 diabetes.And the independent risk factors were hypertension,hyperglycemia,hyperlipemia.It could help to prevent the development of lower limb blood vessel pathological changes in DM patients by controlling the levels of blood pressure,lipid and blood sugar strictly.

Objectives:To understand the patients' cognition and satisfaction with public welfare in public hospitals.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 600 patients in Beijing municipal public hospitals and the data was statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0.Results:Patients' understanding of public welfare was not ideal,the satisfaction was quite well,and the satisfaction of the patients in the experimental hospitals was more satisfactory than those in non-experimental hospitals.The patients have urgent needs on rational drug use,mutual recognition of medical results,smooth channels of patient rights,reduced medical expense and shortened waiting time.Conclusions:It should strengthen the publicity and governance of the public welfare of public hospitals to enhance the patients' understanding,breakthrough the urgent needs of public welfare to improve patients' satisfaction,and intensify the policy linkage and explore diversified implement forms of public welfare to improve service level.