In order to provide insights into sampling in suspected cases of morphine poisoning,the present study was conducted to investigate the distribution patterns of morphine in organs in rats with acute morphine poisoning at different post mortem intervals.Localization and semi quantitation of morphine in the brain,kidney,heart and liver were determined in rats at 15min to 5h after intravenous administration of morphine and at different intervals from 0 to 48h after death using the immunohistochemical SP method and image analysis.The results showed that the morphine could be detected in cytoplasms of certain parenchymal cells in all organs examined short time after delivery of morphine.With the extension of post delivery intervals,the level of morphine inereased,peaked,followed by decrease thereafter.The amount and the distribution patterns of morphine varied greatly with different organs.In the brain,the morphine could be detected earlier than in the heart,kidney and liver.It could detected 15min after the drug administration,with a peak,and disppeared at 5h after drug delivery.It decayed slowly as compared with the heart and lung.The kidney was the second organ in which the morphine was detected early with a high level and decayed slowly.In conclusion,immunohistochemical SP method can be used as a specific technique to detect morphine in organs in suspected cases of morphine poisoning.Both brain and kidney were the candidates for sampling in such case.

Background: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an important infectious pathogen implicated in porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), which has caused significant economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Objectives: A suitable viral vector-mediated gene transfer platform for the expression of the capsid protein (Cap) is an attractive strategy. Methods: In the present study, a recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 (rAAV8) vector was constructed to encode Cap (Cap-rAAV) in vitro and in vitro after gene transfer. Results: The obtained results showed that Cap could be expressed in HEK293T cells and BABL/c mice. The results of lymphocytes proliferative, as well as immunoglobulin G (IgG) 2a and interferon-γ showed strong cellular immune responses induced by Cap-rAAV. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers obtained and the IgG1 and interleukin-4 levels showed that humoral immune responses were also induced by Cap-rAAV. Altogether, these results demonstrated that the rAAV8 vaccine Cap-rAAV can induce strong cellular and humoral immune responses, indicating a potential rAAV8 vaccine against PCV2. Conclusions The injection of rAAV8 encoding PCV2 Cap genes into muscle tissue can ensure long-term, continuous, and systemic expression.

Objective:To explore the effect of different glucose concentrations on the uptake of 18F-FDG and the expression of glucose transport protein(Glut)-1 and Glut-3 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:NSCLC cell line A549 cells were cultured in DMEM medium with glucose concentrations of 3.9, 5.0, 6.1, 8.3 and 11.1 mmol/L respectively for 24 h. Then 3.7×10 4 Bq 18F-FDG was added into each group and γ counter was used to measure the radioactivity count 1 h later. Western blot was used to examine the expression of Glut-1 and Glut-3. One-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni test were used for data analysis. The correlation was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results:The 18F-FDG uptake rates in 3.9, 5.0, 6.1, 8.3 and 11.1 mmol/L groups were (4.89±0.83)%, (4.07±0.23)%, (3.66±0.29)%, (3.34±0.16)% and (3.29±0.24)%, respectively ( F=7.05, P=0.006). Compared with 3.9 mmol/L group, the 18F-FDG uptake rates in 8.3 and 11.1 mmol/L groups were reduced and differences were statistically significant ( P values: 0.013, 0.010), while there were no statistical differences between the other groups ( P values: 0.057-0.999). The relative expressions of Glut-1 and Glut-3 in each group were 1.17±0.10, 1.00±0.00, 0.84±0.07, 0.70±0.18, 0.61±0.16, and 1.14±0.05, 1.00±0.00, 0.86±0.12, 0.71±0.05, 0.40±0.06, respectively ( F values: 10.26 and 51.94, P values: 0.001, <0.001). Moreover, the 18F-FDG uptake rates were positively correlated with the expression of Glut-1 and Glut-3 ( r values: 0.775 and 0.744, both P=0.001). Conclusions:When the glucose concentration fluctuates within 3.9-11.1 mmol/L, the change of glucose will affect the 18F-FDG uptake rate and the expression of Glut-1 and Glut-3 in A549 cells. Moreover, the 18F-FDG uptake rate is related to the expressions of Glut-1 and Glut-3.