There are significant correlations between cerebral embolism and thyrotoxic atrial fibrillation in patients with hyperthyroidism. The incidence of thyrotoxic atrial fibrillation increases significantly in patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism with serum thyroid-stimula-ting hormone levels ＜ 0. 1 mU/L. Hyperthyroidism may result in cerebral venous thrombosis,moyamoya disease and giant cell arteritis; while hypothyroidism is closely associated with the risk factors of arteriosclerosis, especially hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperhomocysteine-mia. However, this association remains uncertain in subclinical hyperthyroidism.

Objective:To clarify the mechanism of crisis serum' mediated gametocyte infectivity to the mosquito vector Methods:Observing the effects of mouse serum , which was obtained 5 days after P yoelii infection (D5 serum) on gametocyte infectivity by IFA and mosquito live feeds, and the production of IFN ??TNF ??IL 4 and NO - 2 in the hosts in vivo and in vitro by ELISA and Griess reaction And to investigate the ability of malaria parasitized red blood cell extract (PRBC extract) to induce NO Results:The development of the gametocytes from mice 5 days postinfection into ookinetes were completely inhibited D5 serum was not immediate to inhibit gametocyte development, which was injected intravenously into the mice 3 days after P yoelii infection But 4 h later after injection D5 serum stimulated the increasing IFN ? and NO production and inhibited gametocyte infectivity Moreover, PRBC extract showed the ability to induce NO Conclusion:Infected host serum blocks transmission of P yoelii via a nitric oxide dependent mechanism

Objective:To investigate the expression of antigens in Plasmodium yoelii sexual stage and transmission blocking effects of monoclonal antibodies(McAbs).Methods:Observing the effects of anti Pys25 McAb4 and anti Pys21 McAb10 on developmental course of parasites in mosquitoes by direct mosquito feeds on passively immunized P.yoelii infected mice and the expression of Pys21 and Pys25 from gametocytes to ookinetes in indicated culture times by IFA and Western blotting.Results:The transmission blocking activity of the anti Pys25 McAb4 was complete and more potent than that of the anti Pys21 McAb10.Both Pys25 and Pys21 were presented in whole developmental course from gametocytes to ookinetes.Furthermore,the expression of Pys25 appeared to be earlier than that of Pys21 on zygote surfact.Conclusion:Pys25 and Pys21 are target antigens of transmission blocking immunity and that anti Pys25 McAb4 has more significantly transmission blocking activity is related with the early stage expression of Pys25 on zygote surface.

Objective:TCM Gegen extract(puerarin)and glucose tolerance factor(GTF) can regulate glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism.The purpose of research is to observe effect of the comoles compound of puerarin and GTF at molecular level on diet-induced obesity in rats.Methods:Male SD obese rats,induced by high fat feed,were randomly divided into fi ve groups:obese model group,positive medicine control group,the groups with small,middle and large of puerarin and GTF,and normal control group.The rats were given medicine for four weeks,body weight of every week,and lipid were measured.Results:After being fed the comoles compound of puerarin and GTF at molecular level for four weeks,the weight growth of rats was slowed down,the level of the following quota:TG,TC,serum insulin and serum leptin declined,the level of HDL-C increased.Compared with obese model group,there was a difference(P

OBJECTIVE: To standardize the order of the market of drugs.METHODS: Through literature review and field investigation,the patterns of manifestation and the existing problems in Chinese "false drugs" were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: "False drugs" had different patterns of manifestation in the retail market.To tighten control on "false drugs",measures should be taken from aspects of legislation,strengthening supervision,raising consumer's recognizability and so on.

Objective To investigate the gene point mutation in the dihydrofolate reductase thymidylate synthase (dhfr) gene of Plasmodium falciparum isolate from Yunnan Province strongly associated with pyrimethamine and cycloguanil resistance. Methods Nested PCR and restriction endonuclease digestion were applied to detect the gene mutation using dried blood filter paper collected from the fields in Yunnan Province. Results Different mutations were found in 4 amino acids at positions 16, 51, 108 and 164 of dhfr gene, particularly, Asn 108 and Ile 51, the mutaiton frequency being 94.1% and 90.1%, respectively. The frequency of the wild type genotype (3D7 type) Ser 108 appeared lower ( 9.1%) , while the frequency of the Ala 16 was high( 61.8%); the mutation type was very high, the ratio of HB3 type, 7G8 type/FCR3 type and Cambodian type was 1∶21∶7.5. Conclusion The investigation first demonstrated that Plasmodium falciparum Yunnan isolate dihydrofolate reductase thymidylate synthase gene(dhfr) at positions 16, 51 ,108 and 164 exhibited different degrees of point mutation. The frequency of mutation of the 7D8 type involved in pyrimethamine resistance was higher, while that of the FCR3 type involved in cycloquanil resistance was lower.

Objective:To study the activity of APC in early phase infection by detection of the differentiation of Th0 cells from TG mice Methods:Detection of IFN ? and IL 4 by cytokine ELISA Identification of the phenotype of T cells from culture wells by FACS Results:Infected APC induced the T cells of TG mice to differentiate into Th1 cells, uninfected APC induced it into Th2 cells IL 4 and IL 12 influenced the effect of APC on the differentiation of T cells Conclusion:Infection and added cytokines influenced the presenting function of APC

ial of cells. It may serve as an index for monitoring and prognostic diagnosis of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the efffect of carboxy-methyl-chitosan (CM-chitosan) on NF-kB activation and iNOS expression in IL-1β-induced rat chondrocytes, and the mechanism is explored. The statistical treatment was ANOVA. Methods The chondrocytes derived from knee joint of rats were cultured in vitro. 10 ng/ml IL-1β with or without CM-chitosan of varied concentrations (100, 200, 300 μg/ml) was added into the culture medium. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) was examined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. The expression of NF-κBn and NFκBc as well as I-κB were examined by Western blotting. Results CM-chitosan could significantly decrease iNOS expression of IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Degradation of I-κB and NF-κB nuclear translocation were reversed by carbox-ymethyl-chitosan. Conclusion The study has demonstrated that CM-chitosan can inhibit the synthesis of inflammatory mediators in rat chondrocytes when stimulated with IL-1β through a NF-κB-dependent mechanism.