Objective To understand the current status of disinfection and sterilization of medical institutions at all levels in 30 counties in Chongqing ,and to guide the work that medical institutions regulate and improve the quality of disinfection and steriliza‐tion ,and urge the relevant departments to strengthen the monitoring of disinfection quality of medical institutions .Methods Using field investigation and sampling inspection method ,the disinfection quality of medical institutions at all levels in 30 counties of Chongqing city was monitored and analyzed .Results From 30 districts and counties ,the medical institutions were sampled from 28 510 parts ,the overall average pass rate of 93 .3% .The qualified rate of medical institutions at all levels from high to low were as follows ,the village health room (96 .7% ) ,urban community medical institutions (96 .6% ) ,district level medical institutions (96 .1% ) ,individual clinic (90 .9% ) ,private hospitals (93 .7% ) and township (street) medical institutions (86 .5% ) .Different types of medical institutions got different qualified rate ,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =666 .84 ,P<0 .01) .Pro‐ject with the lowest qualified rate was radiation intensity of ultraviolet lamp(52 .8% ) ,secondly was indoor air (80 .4% ) and differ‐ent projects′qualified rate was significantly different(χ2 =1 706 .81 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion Medical and health institutions at all levels′s disinfection quality were generally good ,but the village health room monitoring coverage ,ultraviolet light intensity and oth‐er individual monitoring projects need to be improved .

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of TLR4, TLR9 and DC-SIGN in primary and recurrent condyloma acuminatum (CA) lesions. Methods An immunohistochemical method using streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) was performed to detect the expressions and distribution of TLR4, TLR9 and DC-SIGN in tissue specimens obtained from the recurrent CA lesions of 30 patients, primary CA lesions of 30 patients, and from the foreskin of 20 normal human controls. Results The expression levels of TLR4, TLR9 and DC-SIGN in primary and recurrent CA lesions were significantly higher than those in normal control tissue (all P < 0.001), and the cells expressing TLR4, TLR9 or DC-SIGN were mainly located in the basal and spinous layer in CA lesions. There was no significant difference in the expressions of TLR4, TLR9 or DC-SIGN between primary and recurrent CA lesions (all P> 0.05). A positive correlation was found between the expression of TLR4, TLR9 and DC-SIGN in CA lesions. Conclusion The overexpression of TLR4, TLR9 and DC-SIGN probably plays an important role in the occurrence and recurrence of CA.

The hybrid PET/MR has been gradually applied in clinical practice.However,the hybrid PET/MR is a com plex advanced technique,and it brings to the new challenges,especially regarding the workflow and scan protocols.The guidelines for hybrid PET/MR in brain imaging include information related to the indications and contraindications,preparation before examination,procedures of examination (PET imaging,conventional MRI brain imaging and special MRI imaging for brain disease),application of radiopharmaceutical and MRI contrast-enhanced agent.The purpose of the guidelines is to offer a framework that would be practical and helpful for clinical PET/MR brain imaging.In PET tracers,the guidelines only limit to the 18 F-FDG.

The guidelines for standard nursing in the PET/MR imaging examination included preparation of examination,injecting drug,observing during scanning,post scanning care,management of adverse reaction of contrast agent and radiation protection.The purpose of these guidelines could were to provide the practical and effective management for nursing care in PET/MR imaging,and offer a framework for nurses that could provide useful and helpful in clinical practice and research.

OBJECTIVETo study the population genetic variation, genetic diversity and phylogenesis of Anopheles sinensis in China.

METHODSAnopheles sinensis samples collected from Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Guizhou, and Yunnan Provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region with different geographical conditions between 2010 and 2012 were analyzed by mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtDNA-COI) gene amplification and sequencing. Bioedit 7.0 and DnaSP 5.0 software was used to compare the gene sequences and analyze the population genetic structure, respectively. Arlequin 3.1 was used to calculate the genetic distance and parameters of population differentiation. The relationship between the geographic and genetic distances was analyzed using IBD Web Service. PHYLIP 3.6 was used to construct the phylogenetic tree.

RESULTSPCR amplification and sequencing was performed successfully for 6 Anopheles sinensis populations containing 123 female mosquitoes. The length of mtDNA-COI gene fragment was 841 bp with an average A+T content of 71.2% and G+C content of 28.8%. High nucleotide diversity and genetic differentiation were observed among the Anopheles sinensis populations based on mtDNA-COI gene. Analysis of the molecular variance revealed a greater variation between populations than that within populations with isolation by distance between the populations. The Anopheles sinensis populations appeared to have undergone expansion, but the Yunnan population constituted an isolated branch in the phylogenetic tree.

CONCLUSIONmtDNA-COI can serve as the molecular marker to analyze population genetic variation and phylogenesis of Anopheles sinensis. The Yunnan population shows a phylogenetic difference from the other populations analyzed in this study.

Animals ; Anopheles ; genetics ; China ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Phylogeny

Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of chromosomes and related fusion genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (non-M3), and to evaluate the prognosis of patients with chemotherapy of DA regimen with different doses of daunorubicin. Methods Fifty-six patients with newly diagnosed non-M3 AML from January 2013 to January 2015 were collected. Adopted short-term culture method was used to treat bone marrow, R-binding chromosome karyotyping was used to detect cytogenetic. Thirty-one types of fusion gene were identified by PCR and 10 % agarose gel electrophoresis. All patients treated by DA regimen were divided into group A, group B and group C according to different dosage of daunorubicin. Then, complete remission (CR) rate and survival time in the 3 groups were observed. The effect of cytogenetic and molecular biology abnormality on the chemotherapy, CR rate and overall survival (OS) of the 3 groups were analyzed by the chi-square test. Results Among the 56 patients, 18 cases (32.1%) had abnormal chromosome karyotype, 6 cases (10.7 %) had abnormal number of chromosome, 16 cases (28.6 %) had abnormal structure of chromosome, and 4 cases (7.1 %) had both abnormal number and structure of chromosome. Meanwhile, the most common abnormal structure was t(8;21), and the most common abnormal quantity were+8, -Y. Detective rate of genetic abnormality was raised to 62.00 % through fusion gene and chromosome karyotype analysis. The total CR rate of DA-induced chemotherapeutic regimen was 73.2 %, and the two-year OS rate was 42.9%. The remission rate of chemotherapy in the middle-risk group was significantly lower than that in the low-risk group (χ 2 = 8.976, P = 0.002), but there was no significant difference between the low-dose chemotherapy group and the standard dose chemotherapy group (P>0.05). The standard dose group showed a significant advantage in the OS rate (χ2= 8.045, P= 0.005). Conclusions Adult acute leukemia has its unique cytogenetic characteristics, which can assist in guiding clinical diagnosis, classification and prognosis. The prognosis of middle-risk patients is significantly lower than the low-risk group. Low-risk patients could benefit from a reduced dose of DA regimen, but the standard dose DA regimen has a significant advantage in long-term survival.

Objective To study the population genetic variation, genetic diversity and phylogenesis of Anopheles sinensis in China. Methods Anopheles sinensis samples collected from Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Guizhou, and Yunnan Provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region with different geographical conditions between 2010 and 2012 were analyzed by mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtDNA-COI) gene amplification and sequencing. Bioedit 7.0 and DnaSP 5.0 software was used to compare the gene sequences and analyze the population genetic structure, respectively. Arlequin 3.1 was used to calculate the genetic distance and parameters of population differentiation. The relationship between the geographic and genetic distances was analyzed using IBD Web Service. PHYLIP 3.6 was used to construct the phylogenetic tree. Results PCR amplification and sequencing was performed successfully for 6 Anopheles sinensis populations containing 123 female mosquitoes. The length of mtDNA-COI gene fragment was 841 bp with an average A+T content of 71.2% and G+C content of 28.8%. High nucleotide diversity and genetic differentiation were observed among the Anopheles sinensis populations based on mtDNA-COI gene. Analysis of the molecular variance revealed a greater variation between populations than that within populations with isolation by distance between the populations. The Anopheles sinensis populations appeared to have undergone expansion, but the Yunnan population constituted an isolated branch in the phylogenetic tree. Conclusion mtDNA-COI can serve as the molecular marker to analyze population genetic variation and phylogenesis of Anopheles sinensis. The Yunnan population shows a phylogenetic difference from the other populations analyzed in this study.

Objective To study the population genetic variation, genetic diversity and phylogenesis of Anopheles sinensis in China. Methods Anopheles sinensis samples collected from Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Guizhou, and Yunnan Provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region with different geographical conditions between 2010 and 2012 were analyzed by mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtDNA-COI) gene amplification and sequencing. Bioedit 7.0 and DnaSP 5.0 software was used to compare the gene sequences and analyze the population genetic structure, respectively. Arlequin 3.1 was used to calculate the genetic distance and parameters of population differentiation. The relationship between the geographic and genetic distances was analyzed using IBD Web Service. PHYLIP 3.6 was used to construct the phylogenetic tree. Results PCR amplification and sequencing was performed successfully for 6 Anopheles sinensis populations containing 123 female mosquitoes. The length of mtDNA-COI gene fragment was 841 bp with an average A+T content of 71.2% and G+C content of 28.8%. High nucleotide diversity and genetic differentiation were observed among the Anopheles sinensis populations based on mtDNA-COI gene. Analysis of the molecular variance revealed a greater variation between populations than that within populations with isolation by distance between the populations. The Anopheles sinensis populations appeared to have undergone expansion, but the Yunnan population constituted an isolated branch in the phylogenetic tree. Conclusion mtDNA-COI can serve as the molecular marker to analyze population genetic variation and phylogenesis of Anopheles sinensis. The Yunnan population shows a phylogenetic difference from the other populations analyzed in this study.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the current situation of psychological resilience of sanitation workers and its impact on their happiness. METHODS: A total of 277 sanitation workers from Dongguan City of Guangdong Province were enrolled as study participants by stratified random sampling method. The psychological resilience and happiness were measured by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Campbell Index of Well-being Scale respectively. RESULTS: The median scores of psycological resilience and happiness of the study subjects were 49. 0 and 7. 8,respectively. Psycological resilience was positively correlated with happiness( P < 0. 01). The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the types of work,education level,personal monthly income and daily working time were the influencing factors of sanitation workers 'psychological resilience( P < 0. 05). The types of work and psychological resilience can significantly predict happiness(P < 0. 05). After controlling the demographic variables such as age,type of work,education level,personal monthly income,and daily working time,the psychological resilience prediction happiness contribution rate increased by 34. 1%(P < 0. 01). Age has a regulating effect on psychological resilience and happiness. Psychological resilience is easier to predict in the second generation( born after 1978) of sanitation workers in the sense of happiness. CONCLUSION: Psycological resilience of sanitation workers affects their happiness. Enhancing psychological resilience can help improve the happiness of sanitation workers.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of social support and self-efficacy on job burnout in sanitation workers. METHODS: A convenient sampling method was used to select 405 sanitation workers as study objects. The Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey, Perceived Social Support Scale and General Self-Efficacy Scale were used to investigate the three dimensions of emotional exhaustion,cynicism and reduced personal accomplishment in job burnout, as well as the social support and self-efficacy. RESULTS: The cynicism was positively correlated with self-efficacy [partial correlation coefficient(r)=0.17, P<0.01]. Reduced personal accomplishment was negatively correlated with self-efficacy and social support respectively(r were-0.32 and-0.20, P<0.01). Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the demographic variables can explain 30.4%, 29.9%, 22.0% of the three dimensions of sanitation workers′ emotional exhaustion, cynicism and reduced personal accomplishment respectively(P<0.01). After controlling for the demographic variables, self-efficacy could positively predict cynicism(P<0.01), the social support and self-efficacy could negatively predict reduced personal accomplishment(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The institutional factor is the main reason affecting job burnout of sanitation workers. Cynicism is positively correlated with self-efficacy. Improving social support and self-efficacy can help alleviate the reduced personal accomplishment.