BACKGROUND:Diabetic osteoporosis is gaining public attention.However,few studies have reported the effect of a high-glucose environment on the osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and the corresponding therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether vitamin D3 can restore the osteogenic differentiation potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in a high-glucose environment. METHODS:The viability of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was detected by CCK-8 assay to screen the appropriate vitamin D3 intervention concentration.Under the high-glucose environment,RT-qPCR,western blot assay,immunofluorescence,JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential,alizarin red staining,and β-galactosidase staining were used to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation potential,intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation,mitochondrial membrane potential alteration,and cell senescence of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells after vitamin D3 intervention.The underlying mechanism was also discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Vitamin D3 significantly promoted the proliferation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the range of 0.1 μmol/L to 1 mmol/L.(2)High-glucose environment down-regulated the mRNA and protein level expressions of osteogenic-related genes α1-I collagen,alkaline phosphatase,Runt-associated transcription factor 2,and osteocalcin in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,which induced oxidative stress and cellular senescence.(3)Vitamin D3 at an intervention concentration of 10 μmol/L significantly restored the osteogenic phenotype of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells under high-glucose conditions and attenuated intracellular oxidative stress and cellular senescence by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.(4)These findings suggested that the osteogenic differentiation ability of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was reduced in the high-glucose environment,and vitamin D3 could partially improve their osteogenic differentiation ability and reduce cell damage.

BACKGROUND:Osteoporosis has a high incidence,leading to fracture and other complications.However,existing drugs have great side effects and are difficult to meet the clinical application. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect and potential mechanism of fucoxanthin on osteoporosis induced by glucocorticoid. METHODS:Primary rat osteoblasts were inoculated in 6-well plates.When the cell fusion reached 80%,the cells were divided into four groups:the control group was cultured alone for 24 hours,the glucocorticoid group was intervened with dexamethasone for 24 hours,the fucoxanthin group was intervened with fucoxanthin for 24 hours,and the glucocorticoid + fucoxanthin group was intervened with dexamethasone and fucoxanthin at the same time for 24 hours.After intervention,cell proliferation,apoptosis,intracellular reactive oxygen species level,and protein expression of apoptosis-related proteins,bone formation-related proteins,and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cell counting kit-8 results showed that the cell viability was decreased in the glucocorticoid group compared with the control group(P＜0.05)but increased in the glucocorticoid+fucoxanthin group compared with the glucocorticoid group(P＜0.05).JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential staining and flow cytometry assay showed that the percentage of apoptosis increased in the glucocorticoid group compared with the control group(P＜0.05)but decreased in the glucocorticoid+fucoxanthin group compared with the glucocorticoid group(P＜0.05).Western blot assay showed that compared with the control group,the protein expression of BAX and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase was elevated in the glucocorticoid group(P＜0.05),and the protein expression of BCL2,type Ⅰ collagen α1 peptide chain,alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,and RUNX2 was decreased in the glucocorticoid group(P＜0.05).Compared with the glucocorticoid group,the protein expression of BAX and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase was decreased(P＜0.05),and the protein expression of BCL2,type Ⅰ collagen α1 peptide chain,alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,and RUNX2 was elevated(P＜0.05)in the glucocorticoid+fucoxanthin group.Fluorescent probe assay showed an increase in reactive oxygen species level in the glucocorticoid group compared with the control group(P＜0.05)and a decrease in reactive oxygen species level in the glucocorticoid+fucoxanthin group compared with the glucocorticoid group(P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence staining and western blot assay showed that the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 in the glucocorticoid group was decreased compared with that in the control group(P＜0.05);and the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 in the glucocorticoid+fucoxanthin group was elevated compared with that in the glucocorticoid group(P＜0.05).To conclude,fucoxanthin can improve glucocorticoid-induced osteoblast apoptosis and the expression of bone formation-related molecules by activating nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2.

Objective:To explore the value of cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) in the efficacy and prognosis evaluation of arterial infusion chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 100 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent arterial infusion chemotherapy from January 2018 to January 2020 at Second People's Hospital of Wuhu were retrospectively analyzed, and all patients were divided into effective group (the complete remission and partial remission) and ineffective group (the stable disease and the progressive disease) according to the chemotherapy efficacy determined by CT. The clinicopathological characteristics of both groups were compared. The influencing factors of chemotherapy efficacy were determined by using multivariate logistic regression model analysis. The efficacy evaluated by CT examination was treated as the gold standard. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of CDC42 level predicting the efficacy of arterial infusion chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer patients before infusion chemotherapy. Survival analysis was performed by using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test was also performed.Results:Among 100 patients with pancreatic cancer, there were 13 cases of complete remission, 30 cases of partial remission, 20 cases of stable disease, 37 cases of progressive disease; 43 cases in effective group and 57 cases in ineffective group. The proportions of tumor long diameter > 4 cm, TNM staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ, carcinoembryonic antigen (CA)199 > 37 U/ml, carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) > 5 ng/ml, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) > 2.8, serum total bilirubin > 34.2 μmol/L before infusion, CDC42 ≤ 1.11 μg/L, low differentiation degree and vascular invasion in ineffective group were higher than those in effective group (all P < 0.05). Tumor long diameter > 4 cm, TNM staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ, CA199 > 37 U/ml, CEA > 5 ng/ml before infusion, low differentiation degree, vascular invasion, and CDC42 ≤ 1.11 μg/L were independent risk factors for effectiveness of arterial infusion chemotherapy (all P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of CDC42 predicting the ineffectiveness of arterial infusion chemotherapy was 0.810 (95% CI 0.781-0.839, P <0.01), and the optimal cut-off value was 1.11 μg/L, the sensitivity was 96.25%, and the specificity was 63.13%. Survival curve analysis showed that the 2-year overall survival rate of patients with CDC42 > 1.11 μg/L was 58.93% which was greater than that of patients with CDC42 ≤ 1.11 μg/L (22.73%), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 14.99, P<0.001). Conclusion:CDC42 level is an independent influencing factor for the efficacy of arterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer, and it can effectively predict the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the value of pulmonary ventilation/ perfusion (V/ Q) SPECT in evaluation of anticoagulant therapy for patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) and identify factors which may affect the therapy. Methods From July 2014 to December 2016, sixty-three patients (23 males, 40 females, age (60±14) years), who were clinically diagnosed as PE and underwent V/ Q SPECT before and after anticoagulant therapy, were recruited retrospectively in this study. According to the percentage of lung perfusion defect (PD) out of total lung volume, the patients were divided into mild (<20％) PE, moderate (20％-50％) PE, and severe (>50％) PE groups. The lung PD decreased≥50％ after anticoagulant thera-py and no new PD detected was defined as the standard of effective therapy, otherwise the treatment were defined as ineffective. Data of different groups were compared. Factors that may predict the severity of PD or affect the treatment were analyzed. χ2 test and logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results PE were detected in 476 pulmonary segments and sub segments. The distribution of PE in different lung lobes had no statistically significant difference ( χ2 = 4. 995, P > 0. 05). More pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were detected in patients with severe PE (80％, 12/ 15) and moderate PE (66.7％,16/ 24) in comparison with patients with mild PE (41.7％,10/ 24; χ2 = 7.062, P<0.05). The occurrence of PAH was related to the severity of PD, with odds ratio (OR) value of 2.680 (95％ CI: 1.115-6.446, P<0. 05).PAH was an independent risk factor for treatment effect (OR value: 3.134(95％ CI: 1.341-7. 324), P<0. 05). Conclusions V/ Q SPECT has an important value for evaluating the effect of anticoagulant therapy and guiding individual therapy. The more extent of PE involved, the higher prevalence of PAH. Anticoagu-lant therapy may be ineffective in PE patients with moderate or severe PAH.

Objective: To analyze vaccination situation of oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine (LLR strain) among children from six provinces in China. Methods: In 2014, we selected 12 counties in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Chongqing, Jiangxi, Heilongjiang and Gansu provinces by using stratified cluster random sampling method and extract information of children born from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012 from Children's Immunization Information System. We investigated ten children of each birth cohort in each county by checking the vaccination certification, and a total of 606 children were investigated. A survey was conducted to check the information of the children's vaccination certification with the data of Children's Immunization Information System by questionnaire including the basic information (province, county, name, gender, birth date, etc) and the rotavirus vaccination (vaccination date, dose, etc) to analyze the rotavirus vaccination situation. Results: 340 of 606 children were male. There were 121, 124, 122, 119 and 120 children born in 2008-2012, respectively. The proportions of the first and the second dose of rotavirus vaccination were 32.8% (199) and 9.7% (59). The proportion of the third dose of rotavirus vaccination among children born between 2008 and 2010 was 3.5% (13) since children born in 2011 and 2012 did not reach the age of third dose vaccination. The proportion of the first dose of rotavirus vaccination in high, middle and low per capita disposable income areas was 45.0% (91), 37.7% (77) and 15.5% (31) respectively (χ²= 43.15, P<0.001). Among 199 children vaccinated with the first dose of vaccine, the vaccination age mainly concentrated in 2 to 21 months, of which the peak was 5 to 13 months (66.8%, 133). The intervals between 2 doses of vaccination were mainly from 12 to 13 months (42.4%, 25) among the 59 children who received at least 2 doses of vaccine. In the 13 children vaccinated with 3 doses, the intervals between the second and the third dose were 12 months (5). Of the 271 doses of rotavirus vaccine vaccinated during 2008-2014, 34.7% (94 doses) were vaccinated in June-August, 88 were vaccinated simultaneously with 18 other vaccines, accounting for 32.5% of the total. Of the 18 other vaccines, inactivated vaccines such as diphtheria vaccine (30 doses), Hib vaccine (14 doses), group A meningitis vaccine (10 doses) were predominant. Conclusion The proportion of rotavirus vaccination was low and the vaccination age was relatively late. The vaccination mode was different from the recommendation of WHO. It is recommended that routine immunization of rotavirus vaccines should be carried out in early-months of children.

The percutaneous transhepatic portal approach is the most commonly used technique for islet transplantation, largely owing to its safety and minimally invasive characteristic. Bleeding complications after islet transplantation are rare. A case of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was treated in Tianjin First Center Hospital, who had a massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage after percutaneous transhepatic portal vein catheterization for islet transplantation. Through the review of the overall development of the case, we aim to improve the awareness of the complications of islet transplantation, to reduce the incidence of complications after percutaneous transhepatic portal vein transplantation, and to provide experience.

Objective To investigate the effect of CT angiography on the qualitative and differential diagnosis in small pulmonary nodules.Methods 120 patients with pulmonary small nodular lesions from September 2014 to October 2015 in our hospital were selected,and they were divided into the observation group and control group according to pathological type.the patients with malignant pathology were in the observation group,with totaling 64 cases;the patients with benign pathology were selected as a control group,with a total of 56 cases.Lesion type,sensitivity,vascular sign type,CT enhancement value and the ratio of enhancement value to aorta value in the two groups were compared and analyzed after the CT scan.Results In the observation group,positive CT angiography sign was 50 cases while negative ones was 14 cases,the sensitivity was 78.1%;In the control group,CT angiography sign was positive in 16 cases,negative in 40 cases,with the sensitivity of 28.6%.Comparing of two vascular symptoms sensitive case, there was a significant difference(χ2 =6.781,P =0.012).Vascular symptoms genotyping were compared in vascular symptoms positive patients,the results showed significant differences(χ2 =7.694,6.964,5.993,6.012,all P <0.05).Enhanced CT scan value of patients showed positive signs in the observation group was (40.07 ±3.72)Hu, with the control group of (10.54 ±4.83)Hu,the difference was statistically significant(t =11.783,P =0.019).The ratio of enhancement CT value to aorta value in patients with positive reaction showed 24.96% in the observation group,and 4.01% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =7.460,P =0.012).Conclusion
CT angiography features has played a very important role in qualitative and differential diagnosis of small nodular lesions in the lungs.It is of great significance in the clinical diagnosis and treatment,and is worth further promotion.

Acute Disease ; Adenovirus Infections, Human ; Child ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Typing ; Respiratory Tract Infections

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on perioperative inflammatory responses in patients undergoing one-lung ventilation (OLV).Methods Thirty-six ASA T or Ⅱ patients (aged 43-72 years and weighing 50-78 kg) scheduled for esophagectomy were randomly divided into three groups (n =12 each):control group (group C),low dose dexmedetomidine group (group D1) and high dose dexmedetomidine group (group D2).Dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg was infused intravenously 10 minutes before anesthesia induction,then infused at a rate of 0.2 μg· kg-1 · h-1 (group D1) or 0.5 μg· kg-1· h-1 (group D2) until 30 minutes before the end of operation.Group C received the equal volume of normal saline.Blood samples were collected before anesthesia induction (T0),immediately before OLV (T1),30 minutes after OLV (T2),90 minutes after OLV (T3),30 minutes after lung inflation (T4) and 2 hours after operation (T5) for monitoring serumlevels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8).Results Compared with T0,serum levels of TNF-α and IL-8 significantly increased at T3 and T5 in all the three groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,serum levels of TNF-α and IL-8 significantly decreased at T3 and T5 in group D2 (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the indexes mentioned above between group C and group D1 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg given before anesthesia induction and then infused at the rate of 0.5 μg· kg-1 ·h-1 during operation can reduce inflammatory responses in patients undergoing OLV.