Dysfunction after spinal cord injury mainly focused on the loss of motor function and sensory function and its complications instead of cognitive impairment. In this paper, the relevant reports of cognitive impairment in patients with spinal cord injury were collected. The influencing factors mainly contained emotion, traumatic brain injury, alcohol intake, drug abuse and educational level, etc. The possible mechanisms included traumatic brain injury, structure change of brain, brain damage and functional change, and inappropriate treatment, etc.

Objective To determine the frequency of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)polymorphisms Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile in a cohort of hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and their donors in China.Method We examined the polymorphisms in 208 peripheral blood samples collected from 104 recipients and their donors in a single center between 2007-2012 in Zhejiang Province,China,and Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile TLR4 gene polymorphisms were detected using the sample DNA amplification products direct sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.Result Both methods didn't demonstrate TLR4 polymorphisms Asp299Gly or Thr399Ile base mutation in our samples.Conclusion The TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms are very rare in our part of the population of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Objective To explore the relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene polymorphisms in donors and recipients and the incidence and severity of acute graft-versus-host diseases (aGVHD) after unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alIo-HSCT). Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TNFα-238 (G/A), TNFα-857 (C/T), TNFα-863 (C/A), TNFα-1031 (T/C), TNFβ + 252 (A/G) were analyzed by Multiplex SNaPshot analysis in 76 pairs of donors and recipients. Results Transplantation involving donors with TNFα-857 CC genotype resulted in a higher incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD than donors with CT genotype (91.3% vs 8. 7% , P =0. 039). In the 23 patients with grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD, no patients had TNFβ +252 AA genotype, 19 (82.6%) had GA genotype and 4 (17.4%) had GG genotype. There was a significant difference in the distribution pattern of the TNFβ +252 (AA, GA and GG) genotypes in these patients (P =0.03). There was no significant association of TNFα-238 (G/A), TNFα-863 (C/A) and TNFα-1031 (T/C) polymorphisms with the risk of aGVHD. Conclusion These results suggest donor TNFα-857 CC genotype is related to a higher incidence of grade Ⅱ -Ⅳ aGVHD, and patients with TNFβ +252 AA genotype have protection against the risk of grade Ⅱ -Ⅳ aGVHD.

AIM: To study the expression of telomerase inhibitor Pinx1 in acute leukemia cells and during the differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells, and to realize its effect on telomerase activity. METHODS: Realtime quantitative PCR with fluorescence probe hybridization was used to measure the expression of Pinx1 and hTERT mRNA in acute leukemia cells and during differentiation of NB4 cells induced by ATRA. The correlations between Pinx1 and hTERT expression were also analyzed. RESULTS: Pinx1 mRNA expression in acute leukemia samples (0.00312, 5.42?10 -4-0.024) was significantly higher than that in normal bone marrow mononuclear cells (7.89?10 -4, 0-0.00863, P

Objective To investigate the etiology significance of human herpes viruses (HHV1-7) and human Parvovirus B19 (B19) among children with abnormal liver function of unknown origin(ALUO).Methods Serum samples were randomly collected from 62 patients under 14 years old with ALUO in Beijing.And 123 serum samples from healthy children were collected as the control (normal cohort).The HHV1-7 and B19 infection were detected by multiple PCR and nested PCR,respectively.Results Total 45 samples from the patients group were detected as positive of HHV1-7 or B19 infection.The positive rate (72.58％,45/62) was significantly higher than the control group (52/123,42.28％).Furthermore,four viruses were dominant among pediatric patients with ALUO and significantly higher than the normal cohort,which were Epstein-Barr virus (EBV,12.9％ vs 3.3％),Cytomegalovirus (CMV,33.9％ vs 18.7％),human herpes viruses 6(HHV6,19.4％ vs 5.7％) and B19 (41.9％ vs 26.8％).Conclusions The significant correlation between the human herpes viruses (HHVs) and B19 infection and pediatric patients with ALUO need be considered and paid enough attention in clinic.

Acute Disease ; Adenovirus Infections, Human ; Child ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Typing ; Respiratory Tract Infections

Objective:To establish a new molecular typing method for Treponema pallidum (TP) based on TP0136 protein sequence heterogeneity. Methods:The amino acid sequences of TP0136 open reading frame (ORF) of 9 strains of Treponema pallidum ssp. Pallidum (TPA) , 3 strains of Treponema pallidum ssp. Pertenue (TPE) , 1 unclassified simian strain of Treponema Fribourg-Blanc (FB) and 1 strain of Treponema pallidum ssp. Endemicum (TEN) were searched from Genbank, and multiple sequence comparisons were performed to obtain the molecular typing results of TP0136 protein. The TP0136 protein-based molecular typing method was used to classify 23 TPA clinical isolates, which were collected from Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2015 to December 2018, and the typing results were compared with those by the traditional typing method based on the tp0548/Arp/Tpr genes. Results:TP0136 protein was highly heterogeneous in different TP strains. According to the amino acid sequence of TP0136, TPE, FB and TEN strains were divided into 4 subtypes of Ⅰ- Ⅳ, TPA strains were divided into 6 subtypes of Ⅴ-Ⅹ, and TPA clinical strains were classified into 4 subtypes of Ⅶ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ. Through the traditional typing method described above, 23 TPA clinical strains could be divided into 5 types (13D/d, 14D/f, 14D/g, 15D/f, 16A/e) . By using the TP0136 protein-based typing method combined with traditional typing method, the above clinical strains could be further subdivided into 10 types, and the 14D/f type could be further divided into 3 subtypes by using the TP0136 protein-based typing method.Conclusion:The TP0136 protein-based molecular typing method can be used to distinguish TP species, which is helpful for further improvement of traditional TPA molecular typing.

Objective To investigate the prevalence,epidemiological and phylogenetic characteristics of human Bocavirus (HBoV) among inpatient children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI).Methods Two hundred and fifty-nine nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were collected from inpatient children with SARI in Beijing Children' s Hospital.Human Bocavirus was genotypic detected by Nested PCR and sequenced followed by the epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis.Results HBoV was detected in 56 of 259 NPAs from inpatient children with SARI.The positive rate was 21.6％,95％ CI (16.0％-27.3％).Most of the HBoV infection children were younger than two years.The co-infection rate of HBoV with other respiratory viral pathogens was 94.6％.And 96.4％ (54/56) were positive for HBoV1.Only one of HBoV2 and one of HBoV3 positive case was found.The sequence evolution of partial VP1/VP2 fragment was relative conserved by phylogenetic analysis,Conclusion HBoV was common detected viral pathogens among children with SARI.HBoV1 was more prevalent than other genotype.However,more investigation was needed to determine the etiological role of HBoV infection among inpatient children with SARI.

Objective To investigate the typing profiles of human adenovirus infection among children with severe acute respiratory infection ( SARI ) in Shanghai. Methods A total of 441 nasopharyngeal aspirates ( NPAs) were collected from hospitalized children with SARI in Shanghai Pediatrics Hospital Affiliated Fudan University from June 2013 to March 2014.Human adenovirus was detected by nested PCR followed molecular typing by sequencing.Then the phylogenetic and epidemiological analysis was conducted.Results From 441 hospitalized children with SARI, 51 of samples ( 11.6%, 95%CI:8.6%~14.6%) were detected as HAdV infection.Most of the SARI children with HAdV infection were distributed between 0.5 to 5 years old.Typing data shown that HAdV-B (17 of HAdV-3, 16 of HAdV-7) was most dominant as 64.7%(33/51),followed by HAdV-C as 27.5%(14/51);either HAdV-D (HAdV-8) or HAdV-E ( HAdV-4 ) contained only one case, and HAdV-F ( HAdV-41 ) found in two cases. Conclusion Multiple species( B-F) of HAdVs were circulated among children with SARI in Shanghai, and HAdV-B (HAdV-3, HAdV-7) was the most predominant species of circulation.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of narrow band imaging (NBI) international colorectal endoscopic (NICE) classification in distinguishing neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal polyps during routine clinical practice. Methods A total of 224 lesions detected by white light colonoscopy by non-expert endoscopists were collected in this retrospective study. Each lesion was assessed by NBI and classified by NICE classification. The results were compared with pathological findings from endoscopic or surgical resected specimen. Results Among these 224 polyps, there were 59 of type 1, 159 of type 2 and 6 of type 3 according to NICE classification. There were 58 non-tumorous and 166 tumorous polyps according to pathological diagnosis. The total diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of NICE classification for colorectal tumor were 91. 6%, 77. 6%, 92. 1%,76. 3%and 87. 9%, respectively.Diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy in big (＞10 mm in diameter), small (＞5-10 mm in diameter) and mini (≤5 mm in diameter) polyp groups were 100. 0%, 97. 0% and 80. 9%, as well as 95. 7%, 87. 8%, and 83. 3%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy showed a decreasing tendency on polyp size, without significant difference between the three groups ( P＝0. 694). Conclusion NICE classification with non-magnified NBI is effective in distinguishing neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal polyps by non-expert endoscopists and is potentially worth popularizing for routine clinical practice.