[Objective] To analyze the loss rate of platelet donors and evaluate the strategies for establishing a platelet donor bank. [Methods] A total of 1 443 donors who joined the HLA and HPA gene donor bank for platelets in Henan Province from 2018 to 2020 were included in this study. Data on the total number of apheresis platelet donations, annual donation frequency, age at enrollment, donation habits (including the number of platelets donated per session and whether they had previously donated whole blood), and enrollment location were collected from the platelet donor information management system. Donor loss was determined based on the date of their last donation. The loss rates of different groups under various conditions were compared to assess the enrollment strategies. [Results] By the time the platelet bank was officially operational in 2022, 421 donors had been lost, resulting in an loss rate of 29% (421/1 443). By the end of 2023, the overall cumulative loss rate reached 52% (746/1 443). The loss rate was lower than the overall level in groups meeting any of the following conditions: total apheresis platelet donations exceeding 50, annual donation frequency of 10 or more, age at enrollment of 40 years or older, donation of more than a single therapeutic dose per session, or a history of whole blood donation two or more times. Additionally, loss rates varied across different enrollment locations, with higher enrollment numbers generally associated with higher loss rates. [Conclusion] Through a comprehensive analysis of donor loss, our center has adjusted its strategies for establishing the donor pool. These findings also provide valuable insights for other blood collection and supply institutions in building platelet donor banks.

The Healthy China 2030 Plan set the goal of reducing premature deaths from diabetes by 30% by 2030. However, there has been a lack of assessment of premature mortality for diabetes since the action plan was issued. This study used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, calculated the premature deaths for diabetes by sex, provinces, and subtypes from 1990 to 2021. We explored the temporal trend of premature mortality using the average annual percent change (AAPC) for different sexes, provinces, and subtypes from 1990 to 2021. Furthermore, we predicted premature mortality for diabetes through 2030 for China and its provinces according to the average annual change rate from 2010 to 2021. There was a first slow upward trend in premature mortality for diabetes from 0.5% in 1990 to 0.6% in 2004, and then a decline until 2021 with premature mortality of 0.4%. By 2030, only Fujian (30.3%) will achieve the desired level of reduction, with only seven provinces meeting the target for females and none for males. There is a large range in the degree of decline between inland and coastal regions, showing obvious geographic differences, and there should be a focus on balancing medical resources.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Male ; Mortality, Premature/trends* ; Diabetes Mellitus/mortality* ; Goals ; Middle Aged ; Adult

Aconitum (Ranunculaceae) has a long-standing history in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), where it has been widely used to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), myocardial infarction, and heart failure. However, the potency of Aconitum alkaloids, the primary active components of Aconitum, also confers substantial toxicity. Therefore, assessing the efficacy and toxicity of these Aconitum alkaloids is crucial for ensuring clinical effectiveness and safety. Metabolomics, a quantitative method for analyzing low-molecular-weight metabolites involved in metabolic pathways, provides a comprehensive view of the metabolic state across multiple systems in vivo. This approach has become a vital investigative tool for facilitating the evaluation of their efficacy and toxicity, identifying potential sensitive biomarkers, and offering a promising avenue for elucidating the pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms underlying TCM. This review focuses on the applications of metabolomics in pharmacological and toxicological studies of Aconitum alkaloids in recent years and highlights the significant role of metabolomics in exploring compatibility detoxification and the mechanisms of TCM processing, aiming to identify more viable methods for characterizing toxic medicinal plants.
Aconitum/metabolism* ; Metabolomics/methods* ; Alkaloids/metabolism* ; Humans ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective: To investigate the association between high normal blood pressure, hypertension and microalbuminuria (MAU), so as to provide the basis for early screening and prevention of renal injury caused by hypertension. Methods: A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged 18 to 75 years from six provinces including Hebei, Hunan, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Qinghai and Jiangxi from September to October 2021. Basic information and lifestyle behaviors were collected through questionnaires. Indices including height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Urinary microalbumin and creatinine were measured in 24-hour urine samples. The associations between high normal blood pressure, hypertension, and MAU were analyzed by using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 982 residents were surveyed, with 996 residents aged <50 years (50.25%) and 986 residents aged ≥50 years (49.75%). There were 958 males (48.34%) and 1 024 females (51.66%). Normal blood pressure was observed in 653 residents (32.95%), high normal blood pressure in 748 (37.74%) and hypertension in 581 (29.31%). MAU was detected in 164 participants, with a detection rate of 8.27%. The detection rates of MAU among residents with normal blood pressure, high normal blood pressure, and hypertension were 2.14%, 8.16% and 15.32%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, educational level, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise and body mass index, the residents with high normal blood pressure (OR=3.535, 95%CI: 1.898-6.585) and hypertension (OR=7.232, 95%CI: 3.808-13.732) had higher risks of MAU compared to those with normal blood pressure; the residents with hypertension (OR=1.914, 95%CI: 1.340-2.735) had a higher risk of MAU compared to those with high normal blood pressure. Conclusions High normal blood pressure and hypertension are associated with an increased risk of MAU.

Objective Based on U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database,the signal mining of tizanidine adverse drug events(ADEs)was conducted to explore the occurrence characteristics of ADE,hoping to provide references for the safe clinical application of tizanidine.Methods The reporting odds ratio(ROR)and medicines and healthcare products regulatory agency methods(MHRA)were used to analyse the ADE of tizanidine using FAERS registration data from the first quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2022.After valid signals were obtained,the MedDRA was used for translation and system organ classification.Results A total of 7 135 reports of tizanidine ADE were obtained,including 1 732 patients,1 304 ADE types were involved.According to the results of 2 ADE signal mining methods,at the preferred term(PT)level,177 signals were detected.There were 32 PT signals not included in the drug instructions,including potassium wasting nephropathy,cardio-respiratory arrest,and foetal growth restriction etc.In 1 732 patients,the number of ADE cases of female was 2.37 times that in male(1 057 vs.446),and the age group between 40 and 64 accounted for a large proportion(36.03％).The highest proportion(32.79％)reported by consumers.The system organ class involved mainly included various neurological diseases and psychosis.The median time to onset of tizanidine-related ADEs was 75 d(interquartile range:28-223 d),but it was necessary to be vigilant that ADE may still occur 1 year after starting the drug(13.38％).Conclusion This study aims to suggest that clinical application of tizanidin-related ADE should be paid full attention to the occurrence of ADE such as potassium-wasting nephropathy and suicidally completed,as well as key populations such as women and patients of 40-64 years old.

Liver regenerative medicine can use functional liver cells to repair or replace damaged liver tissue and it is expected to be rapidly developed as an alternative treatment to liver transplantation. However, regenerative medicine requires cells with stable proliferation ability and liver cell characteristics. Liver organoids are derived from adult stem cells or pluripotent stem cells. They can be proliferated in large quantities and cultured for a long time in vitro, meanwhile maintain genetic stability, and simulate the structural and functional characteristics of organs in the body, providing a new strategy for liver regeneration. This article reviews liver organoids and their research progress in liver regenerative medicine, and discusses their application potential and existing limitations.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE), results, polysomnography (PSG) indicators, and clinical parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to establish and validate a predictive model for tongue base plane obstruction.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed 117 OSA patients diagnosed via PSG and treated at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, between October 2014 and March 2022. The cohort comprised of 114 males and 3 females, with an age range of 20 to 54 years (mean age 38.1±8.4 years). Data on DISE results, PSG results, and clinical indicators were collected for all 117 patients. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify relevant indicators, and a predictive model for tongue base plane obstruction was constructed and internally validated using the R programming language.Results:Univariate logistic regression analysis identified four independent risk factors for predicting tongue root plane obstruction: tonsil grading, N2, N3, and rapid eye movement sleep(REM) stage [ OR:0.412(0.260~0.652),1.045(1.012~1.079),0.943(0.903~0.984),0.961(0.925~0.998), P <0.05]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed tonsil grading and N3 sleep stage (12.48±12.22%) as significant predictors. A nomogram model incorporating these factors demonstrated good predictive performance, with an area under curve(AUC) of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.548-1.000), an optimal cutoff of 0.519, a specificity of 80.0%, and a sensitivity of 86.7%. Internal validation of the model in the validation cohort yielded an AUC of 0.751 (95% CI: 0.625-0.876). Conclusions:Tongue base plane obstruction observed during DISE in OSA patients is associated with tonsil grading and N3 sleep stage duration. The predictive model developed for tongue base plane obstruction based on DISE demonstrates good efficacy, as evidenced by its internal validation.

Objective:To analyze the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributed to low physical activity (LPA) and its changing trends in China from 1990 to 2019.Methods:On the basis of the province results of the Study of Global Burden of Disease 2019 in China, we described the distribution of CVD death and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) attributed to LPA by sex, age and province. Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 was used to calculate the average annual percentage change.Results:In 2019, the number of CVD deaths and DALY attributed to LPA in people aged ≥25 years were 0.127 million and 1.863 million person-years in China, respectively, The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and standardized DALY rate of CVD attributed to LPA were slightly higher in men than in women, and much higher in ischemic heart disease patients than in ischemic stroke patients. The ASMR (8.85/100 000) and the standardized DALY rate (112.34/100 000) of CVD attributed to LPA in China in 2019 showed no obvious change compared with 1990, while decreased in the last decade. The largest increases in the mortality rate and DALY rate were observed in people aged ≥75 years from 1990 to 2019 (26.89%, 15.61%), but the mortality rate and DALY rate in people aged 60-74 years showed a decreasing trend. The mortality rate and DALY rate in men aged 25- 44 years showed the largest increases (37.50%, 35.49%), while women aged ≥75 years had the largest increases (31.00%, 18.02%). In 2019, the highest ASMR and standardized DALY rate of CVD attributed to LPA were found in Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Hebei. The largest increases were found in Qinghai (182.41%, 154.70%), Gansu (181.29%, 152.77%), and Chongqing (132.01%, 102.79%) and the largest decreases were found in Beijing (59.11%, 62.09%), Macau (41.89%, 39.37%) and Guangdong (36.93%, 40.72%) from 1990 to 2019.Conclusion:The disease burden of CVD attributed to LPA in China was quite high and showed gender, age and area specific differences.

The apprenticeship education of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is an important pathway for the cultivation of talents in TCM education.The combination of institutional education and apprenticeship education is considered to be the most suitable educational model that aligns with the inherent characteristics of TCM education.The current status of TCM education in western medical institutions and the main challenges include the difficulty in transitioning between western and Chinese medical reasoning and limited clinical internship hours for TCM.The strengths and features of TCM apprenticeship education lie in cultural heritage,classical teachings,mentorship,practice orientation and personalized education.Therefore,integration of TCM apprenticeship education and clinical internships for western medical students represents a new educational model for medical undergraduates.

Objective To analyze the consistency between computer tomography angiography(CTA)and digital subtraction angiography(DSA)in evaluating the global limb anatomic staging system(GLASS)stage of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia(CLTI).Methods The clinical data of patients with CLTI,who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University of China to receive treatment between January 2017 and December 2020,were retrospectively analyzed.Taking the DSA assessment as the gold standard,the consistency of CTA and DSA in evaluating the GLASS stage of patients with CLTI was analyzed.Results In the assessment of GLASS stage of CLTI,CTA showed strong agreement with DSA.The weighted Kappa coefficient of CTA and DSA for the staging of femoropopliteal segment was 0.798(95％CI=0.722-0.873,P＜0.01),and the weighted Kappa coefficient of CTA and DSA for the staging of infrapopliteal artery segment was 0.785(95％ CI=0.725-0.845,P＜0.0l).For the overall staging of GLASS,the weighted Kappa coefficient of CTA and DSA was 0.832(95％ CI=0.752-0.91 1,P＜0.01).All the above results indicated that a very strong consistency existed between CTA and DSA in evaluating the GLASS stage of patients with CLTI.Conclusion CTA examination of lower limb can accurately evaluate GLASS score and stage of CLTI patient's target lesions,which is helpful in diagnosing lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusion disease as well as in assessing the technical difficulty degree of its revascularization operation.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,33:300-303)