Activator protein-1(AP-1) is a collective term referring to dimeric transcription factors composed of Jun protein family and Fos protein family that bind to the AP-1 sites of many genes,also known as TPA-responsive elements.AP-1 involves in the gene transcriptional regulation of a large number of growth factors and cytokines and leads to a series of physiological and pathophysiological changes of the body.Increasing attention has been paid to the relationship between AP-1 and the allergic diseases in recent years.This article reviewed the structure?activation of AP-1,and the relationship between AP-1 and the allergic diseases.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease.Atherosclerotic plaque rupture and thrombosis may result in cardio-cerebrovascular events.Inflammatory mediator CD40L widely exists in cells associated with atherosclerosis.They participate in plaque inflammatory response,release proinflammatory cytokines,degrade extracellular matrix,improve procoagulant activity,and promote the progression of atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability.Intervening CD40/CD40L signaling system may become an effective treatment strategy to slow the progress of atherosclerosis and stabilize atherosclerotic plaques.

Objective To study the standardization of medical records writing by residents in hospitals. Methods With both quantitative and qualitative analysis, medical records made by residents were sampled in groups to study their standardization. Results Recognition rate of such medical records was 82. 55%, and the excellence rate was 24. 50% in the grade evaluation. For senior residents, their rate of writing excellence falls below those of junior ones; whether the evaluators have medical background bears no significant difference for grade evaluation of medical records writing, yet a significant difference was found with the recognition rate. Conclusion Writing of medical records by residents is found with incompliance now and then, and the recognition rate ought to be improved.

Objective To analyze the causes of medical disputes and to find an effective way to reduce medical malpractice and medical dispute.Methods The complete identification files of 251 cases of medical malpractice obtained from corresponding Offices of Technical Identification of Medical Malpractice in three cities at prefecture level in Shandong province were analyzed to compare the cause of medical malpractice identified by patients with that identified by experts.Results The main causes that identified by patients included violation(36.41%),default(35.60%),illegality(13.05%),tort(11.89%),and absence of management(3.05%).Among the litigation claims,58.53%were identified as existed factors causing disputes.Among the identified factors,72.66%should have been prevented and controlled.Conclusion Medical malpractice and medical dispute can be effectively prevented and controlled by putting management site forward,ensuring the implemention of the policies,and strengthening the substantive responsibility of the leadership.

Cathepsin S is one of the cathepsins that distributes generally at lysosomes of histiocyte in humans body.It has variety of actions when it is unbalancing,including promote inflammation,atherosclerosis,diabetes and obesity,etc.Studies in recent years have demonstrated that there are certain correlations of adiponectin with vascular risk factor and cerebrovascular disease.

AIM: To investigate the effect of treatment based on syndrome differentiation only and combined with Shexiang Baoxin Pill for acute ischemic stroke(AIS). METHODS: Fifty-eight cases of AIS were randomly (allocated) to two groups.Thirty cases of group A were treated with treatment based on syndrome differentiation combined with Shexiang Baoxin Pill and twenty-eight cases of group B with the treatment based on syndrone differentiation. Therapeutic effects were observed in one month after medication. RESULTS: The total effective rate was 90% in group A and 89.3% in group B, the difference being not significant. However, the difference of markedly-effective rate was significant (P

Objective To study the change of chromosomal centrimeric dots(Cd)aberration of patents infected by CMV after anti-virus treatment.Methods 22 cases who had spontaneous abortion early and infected by CMV(PCR detection)were studied.We analyzed their blood Cd by simultaneous silver attaining technique before and after treatment by anti-virus medicines respectively.Results The rate of Cd aberration of patients infected by CMV was higher.But after treatment by anti-virus drugs,the rate would decrease gradually(P

Objective To asses the clinical applied value for the salpingian recanalization by means of interventional procedure.Methods 80 cases ranged in age from 23～35 with sterility diagnosed by uterosalpingography were included in this study.They had bilateral and unilateral salpingian narrow,adhesion or stenosis.According to the interventional radiologic theory,using same-axis catheter system,and recanalization fluid the narrow,stenosis and adhesion of salpingian were treated.Results There were 113 salpingians suffered with narrow,adhesion and stenosis in 80 cases.Of them,87 salpingians were recanalized.The successful rate was 84.5%,among them the recanalization rate was 94.8% in the patients with interstitial lesion and 25 cases had been pregnancy (approximate 31.9%) after operation. Conclusion The recanalization of salpingian by interventional radiology in the treatment of sterility caused by salpingian stenosis,narrow and adhesion is an effective means.The pregnancy rate is relevant to the selection of indication.

Transplantation of embryonic spinal cord was performed with microsurgical technique in rats after they were inflicted with acute spinal cord injury.Then the favorable factors affecting the acceptance of the transplanted cord were investigated with morphological technique.It was found that among the gestation ages from EH to E20,the spinal cord taken from the rats with the gestation age of E14 showed the highest survival rate of 70.83%.None of the transplants taken from the rats with the gestation age older than E14 survived.The connective tissue attached to transplants severely interfered with their acceptance and growth.The severity of the pathological manifestations of the injured spinal cord exerted unfavorable influence on the survival and growth of the transplants too.It is believed that in order to assure the success of the transplantation,besides the attention on the technical performance of the surgery,it is essential to determine the differentiation state of the embryonic spinal cord to be transplanted.

OBJECTIVE: To provide references for the improvement of categorized management of drugs in China. METHODS: The problems in China's categorized management of drugs were analyzed by drawing a comparison between China and USA in the categorized management of drugs. RESULT & CONCLUSION: China should draw on useful experiences from the developed countries to improve the categorized management of drugs from multi-aspects.