[Objective] To observe Yishi Oral Liquid effect on treating middle and old aged asthenopia. [Method] Choose 125 cases of middle and old aged asthenopia, and randomly divide them into observation group 65 cases treated wutg Yishi Oral Liquid, and control group 60 cases with Mingmu Rehmannia Pil;meanwhile both groups reduced the time with the eye and made massage on the acupoints around the eyes. [Result] With 2~4 weeks of treatment, in the observation group, 23 cases were cured, 25 had marked effect, 13 effective, 11 had no effect, the total effective rate was 93.85%;for the control one, they were respectively 14,19,16,11 and 81.67%. The comparison showed the observation group was better than control one. [Conclusion] Yishi Oral Liquid treating middle and old aged asthenopia has good clinical effect, can obviously relieve the symptoms of blurred vision, phengophobia, lacrimation and aningerestling eyes, helpful to recovering eyesight.

Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) or glaucomatocyclitic crisis is a rare,unilateral recurrent inflammatory ocular hypertensive disease.Although it is typically self-limited and has benign prognosis,some cases were reported with advanced optic nerve cupping and associated visual field loss.Current therapeutic strategies are mainly focused on controlling intraocular pressure and reducing inflammation.These treatments may relieve acute episode of PSS,but could not decrease the recurrences.Therefore,the etiology of PSS is extremely important.This review summarized and analyzed the advances in the etiology and pathogenesis of PSS in recent twenty years,including microbial infection,allergy,abnormal vascular reactivity,autoimmune and endocrine.Infectious theories are most studied at present.The probabilities of varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus as the etiology of PSS were considered to be very small.Heliobacter pylori was thought to be related to the pathogenesis of PSS and glaucomatous optic nerve injury.The most likely cause of PSS is cytomegalovirus infection,but there existed evidences that opposed the theory.Due to the small sample size and limit of technology,the evidences of allergy,abnormal vascular reactivity,autoimmune and endocrinic factors as the pathogenesis of PSS were not definite.In conclusion,no single factor could explain the etiology and pathogenesis of PSS,multiple factors such as external factor,internal factor and autogenous factor might be involved.

A geometrical model of L4-L5 lumbar segment was constructed using a three-dimensional graphics software. Four conditions of the degenerated discs, i. e. light degeneration, moderate degeneration, severe degeneration and complete excision degeneration, were simulated with loading situations using finite element method under the condition of appropriate computational accuracy. By applying a vertical load of 378.93 N on L4 vertebral plate, stress nephograms on joint isthmus under four different working conditions were obtained. The results showed that the contacted area of facet joint was influenced by the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration level, which influenced the mises stress on joint isthmus. It was proved that joint isthmus was the important pressure-proof structure of the back of lumbar vertebra, and the stress values and distribution were related to structural stiffness of the back of lumbar vertebra as well as the contact area of facet joint. The conclusion could be the theoretical reference for the analysis of spinal biomechanics and artificial disc replacement as well.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; pathology ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; physiopathology ; Models, Anatomic ; Pressure ; Zygapophyseal Joint

Objective To evaluate the impacts of comprehensive diabetes intervention to provide evidence for effective diabetic control in rural communities.Methods Diabetic patients from four communities at Wujin District of Changzhou City were selected.One hundred and seventy-three patients from two communities received comprehensive intervention,including medication therapy,diabetes education,and diet.exercise,and behavior instruction(intervention group);142 patients from the other two communities got medication therapy only (control group).All the participants were interviewed with structured questionnaire and phyrsical examination.The second epidemic investigation was conducted at 4 years to evaluate the effects of the intervention.Results At the end of the intervention,the awareness rates of normal fasting plasma glucose,major diabetes risk factors,healthy diet,and therapeutic strategies in the intervention group were 90.8%.74.6%,89.6%,and 59.5%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05).For the intervention group,the rates of diet behavior or physical exercise change were 68.8% and 58.4%.respectively.which were much higher than those of the control group(all P<0.05).The average levels of systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,fasting plasma glucose,and total cholesterol were (130.6±10.4)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),(78.4±7.5)mm Hg,(6.2±3.1)mmol/L,and (4.5±0.9)mmol/L,respectively,in the intervention group,which were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive intervention shows significant effects on rural community patients with diabetes.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factor of metabolic syndrome(MS)in rural elderly population. Methods With randomized cluster sampling,investigations including questionnaires,physical examination,fasting plasma glucose,blood lipids were performed in rural population aged over 60 years in Changzhou city in 2004-2005. Results A total of 4976 elderly people were enrolled in the study.The prevalence of MS was 24.1%,and 10.3%in men,34.3%in women by international diabetes federation(IDF)2005 definition.86.2%individuals had one or more of the metabolic disorders.Logistic regression analysis showed that sex,smoking,sweetmeat,family history of essential hypertension(EH)and tea drinking were influencing factors of MS. Conclusions The prevalence of MS is high in rural elderly population,especially in females.

Objective:To evaluate the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with pleural dissemination after differ-ent surgical interventions. Methods:We retrospectively reviewed clinical and survival data of 153 NSCLC patients with pleural dissemi-nation who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from May 2002 to May 2011. Results:The overall 3-and 5-year survival rates of all the patients are 38.5%and 24.2%, respectively, with a median survival time (MST) of 29.0 months. A total of 122 patients accept-ed primary tumor resection whereas the remaining 31 received pleural biopsy. The 5-year survival rate of the primary tumor resection group was 26.2%with a MST of 29.0 months and 16.1%for the pleural biopsy group with a MST of 24.0 months. The survival analysis showed no significant differences in the prognosis between the primary tumor resection and pleural biopsy groups (P>0.05). In the pri-mary tumor resection group, different surgical interventions (with or without lymph nodes dissection, with or without metastatic nod-ules resection, lobe, or partial lobe resection) had no effect on prognosis (P>0.05). Conclusion:Patients with pleural dissemination had poor prognosis. Different surgical interventions showed no survival benefits for patients with NSCLC regarding pleural dissemination. The role of surgery was to rule out or confirm pleural dissemination. The definite value of surgery still needs further exploration.

BACKGROUND:Until now, musculoskeletal bioengineering used in the orthopedic surgery and regenerative medicine are developing. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the construction strategies for tissue-engineered knee ligaments. METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed to screen the relevant literatures using the terms“knee ligament”AND“tissue engineering”OR“regenerative medicine”. The literature retrieval, data assessment and extraction were performed by both authors independently. The relevant literatures were included through reviewing preclinical and clinical studies to display the preclinical and clinical medicine progresses in the construction strategies for tissue-engineered ligaments. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Included 224 literatures focus on the construction strategies for tissue-engineered ligaments, including stem cel therapy, growth factors, biomaterials and scaffolds, and mechanical stimulation pattern. Construction techniques for tissue-engineered ligaments have some potential advantages, such as rapid function recovery, good tenacity, and reduced relapse. However, rigorous and high-level randomized control ed clinical trials are needed for the translation of preclinical results into successful clinical trials.

Objective To study the CT features of small hepatocellular cancer.Methods 37 patients with small hepatocellular cancer proved histopathologically underwent spiral CT examinations including plain scans and contrast-enhanced scans.The arterial phase scan,the portal phase scan and delayed phase scan started at 25th second,70th second and 5th minute respectively after injecting the contrast medium with the high pressure syringe,the velocity was 2.5 ~3 ml/s,and the dose was 1.5 ml/kg.Results 73% (27/37) of tumors showed hyperdensity in arterial phase,65%(24/37) of tumors was hypodensity and 35% (13/37) had hyperdensity during portal phase,of which eight showed hypodensity in equilibrium phase.Conclusion Spiral CT can display the features of blood supply of small hepatocellular carcinoma that is of benefit in early diagnosis.

Background Researchers showed that posterior capsule opacification (PCO) may be associated with the materials of intraocular lenses (IOLs).However,there have long been controversies about the influence of IOLs materials on PCO pathogenesis.Objective This study was to compare the capsule biocompatibility of different materials of IOLs by observing the biological behavior of human lens epithelial cells (LECs) on the surface of IOLs,including adhesion,proliferation,epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the secretion of transforming growth factor-β2(TGF-β2),interleukin-6 (IL-6),matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in vitro.Methods Human lens epithelial cell line (HLE-B3) was cultured on the surface of hydrophobic acrylic (Acrysof SA60AT) IOLs,silicone (Crystalens HD) IOLs and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) IOLs for 6 hours and 24 hours,respectively.The number and morphology of HLE-B3 cells on the surface of IOLs were observed under the optical microscope.The proliferation states of the cells on the IOL surface were detected with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8).The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),a mesenchymal cell marker,in the cells was detected by immunofluoreseence technology,and the EMT rates of HLE-B3 cells were calculated.The contents of TGF-β2,IL-6,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the medium of IOL surface were measured by ELISA assay.The examination results were compared among different IOLs.Results Six hours after cultured,attached cells showed polygon and round in shape on the surface of Acrysof IOLs and Crystalens IOLs,while those on the PMMA IOLs showed the fusiform.Twenty-four hours after cultured,the cells extended obviously.On the surface of Acrysof IOLs and Crystalens IOLs,the adherent cells showed less cobble-stone like and more spindle shape;while those on the PMMA IOLs showed the typical fiber and some cells clustered the pearl rolls.The number of the cells on the Acrysof IOLs,Crystalens IOLs and PMMA IOLs was 0.238 4 ± 0.007 1,0.178 1 ±-0.006 6 and 0.158 9 ± 0.006 9 respectively,showing a significant difference among the three types of IOLs (F =475.947,P =0.000),and the number of the cells was much more on the Acrysof IOLs than that on the Crystalens IOLs or PMMA IOLs (both at P＜0.001).The EMT rats of the cells on the Acrysof IOLs,Crystalens IOLs and PMMA IOLs were (9.99±3.80) ％,(17.33±5.71) ％ and (84.16±10.48) ％,with a significant difference among them (F =127.411,P =0.000),and the EMT rates of the cells on the PMMA IOLs were significantly higher than those on the Crystalens IOLs and A.crysof IOLs(both at P＜0.001).There were significant differences in the contents of TGF-β2,IL-6,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the medium on the Acrysof IOLs,Crystalens IOLs and PMMA IOLs (F =0.846,0.947,0.255,0.922,all at P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The hydrophobic acrylic IOLs have the best capsule biocompatibility followed by the silicone IOLs and then the PMMA IOLs.

AIM:ToobservetheeffectofcepharanthineonhumanlungadenocarcinomaLTEP-a-2cellgrowth, and to explore the changes of related microRNA ( miRNA) expression in the cells .METHODS:LTEP-a-2 cells were trea-ted with cepharanthine at concentrations of 0μmol/L, 10μmol/L, 20μmol/L and 40μmol/L.The growth inhibition rate was detected by MTT assay , and the cell morphological changes were observed under light microscope .The cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry .The expression of let-7c, miR-34a and miR-34b was measured by real-time PCR.RE-SULTS:Cepharanthine inhibited the cell activity of LTEP-a-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner .With the increase in cepharanthine concentration , the pyknosis of the cells was visible under the inverted microscope .Flow cytometry analysis found that different concentrations of cepharanthine induced the increase in the apoptotic rates of LTEP -a-2 cells.The re-sults of real-time PCR showed that the cepharanthine also increased the expression of let -7c, miR-34a and miR-34b.CON-CLUSION:Cepharanthine inhibits the growth of LTEP-a-2 cells, and induces apoptosis .Cepharanthine increases the ex-pression of let-7c, miR-34a and miR-34b, indicating that these miRNAs in LTEP-a-2 cells has the function as tumor sup-pressor genes .