Haloacetic acids are the main disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water,which are known or suspected to carcinogenic. Many countries have promulgated haloacetic acids as the routine monitoring item for drinking water safety. In order to better control the formation of haloacetic acids in chlorinated drinking water,many techniques and analysis methods were exploited. This review summarized the development of techniques and analysis methods and the comparative analysis was conducted in technique cost,method detection limit,sensitivity,resistance to disturb and sample pretreatment. The electrospray mass spectrometry is the best choice,but the instrument and operation cost is much higher,so the standard method based on the gas chromatography will still be the popular method for drinking water quality analysis.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation and inspection method about abnormal uter-ine bleeding due to cesarean section scar diverticulum.Methods retrospective analysis of 156 abnormal uterine bleeding cases due to cesarean section scar diverticulum.Analysis the relevance ratio,the starting time of clinical symptom,related influencing factors,the information of examine and misdiagnose.Results there are 12 cases cesare-an section scar diverticulum in 2010;30 cases in 2011;26 cases in 2012;37 cases in 2013;51 cases in 2014.The starting time of clinical symptom is 1 ~6 month pose menstrual in 48 cases;6 months to 2 years pose menstrual in 89 cases,2 years later pose menstrual in 19 cases.98 cases don′t have evidential abnormality even through many times ultrasonograph.43 patients subjected diagnosis curettage.The uterine bleeding time obviously longer comparing retro-position of uterus with anteposition and msposition of uterus.Conclusion the morbidity of abnormal uterine bleeding cases due to cesarean section scar diverticulum is low,but the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis is little high-er.We need to elevate the rate of diagnosis,and to research the preservation and magagement gradually.

Reflex tests are ordered when a particular test result indicates that additional testing should be performed according to the guidelines or the feedback process formulated by clinical consultation. The application scope of the reflex tests involves various subspecialties of laboratory medicine. The clinical application needs the support of qualified laboratory doctors, comprehensive information and financial system, clinical guidelines, and so on. Active application of reflex tests can promote the standardization of evidence-based medicine in clinical practice, save medical resources, and shorten the diagnosis and treatment time of patients.

Tongue osteocartilaginous choristoma is the disease that there are well-developed bone and cartilage in the tongue. This article reported a case of tongue osteocartilaginous choristoma in the oral-cavity,which is rare.
Cartilage ; Choristoma ; Humans ; Tongue Diseases

Chondrosarcoma is extremely rare in maxillofacial soft tissue. A case diagnosed as well-differentiated chon- drosarcoma in the left parotid region was reported. The clinic pathological features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis were discussed with the literature review.
Bone Neoplasms ; Chondrosarcoma ; Humans ; Parotid Neoplasms ; Parotid Region

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor is an uncommon neoplasm with uncertain histogenesis. This tumor is usually characterized by a small, painless mass in the subcutaneous tissue or limb muscles. In this case, an ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of the mandible was reported, and relevant literature was reviewed.
Fibroma ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; Humans ; Mandible

OBJECTIVETo study the expression and clinical significance of MTDH and VEGF in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

METHODSTissue samples of 168 breast cancers (including 112 TNBC tissue and 56 non-TNBC tissue), 10 breast fibroadenomas and 15 normal breast tissues were collected. Postoperative specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry for MTDH and VEGF expression. The correlation between the expression of MTDH and VEGF and clinicopathological features was analyzed.

RESULTSMTDH and VEGF were expressed in 57.1% and 49.4% of breast cancer patients, 64.3% and 56.3% in TNBC patients, respectively, significantly higher than that in the non-TNBC tissues, breast fibroadenomas and normal breast tissues (P<0.05 for all). Statistically significant correlation was found between the MTDH and VEGF expressions (r=0.356, P<0.001). Moreover, MTDH expression was correlated with tumor size, BMI index, lymph node metastasis, pathological stage, recurrence and metastasis, and the expression of p53 and Ki-67 proteins (P<0.05 for all). The VEGF protein expression was correlated with lymph node metastasis, pathological staging, recurrence and metastasis, and the expression of Ki-67 protein (P<0.05 for all). The patients with high expression of MTDH and VEGF showed a lower DFS and OS (P<0.05 for both).

CONCLUSIONSMTDH and VEGF expression may be correlated with tumor angiogenesis and progression and has the potential to be valuable prognostic factors in patients with TNBC.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Breast ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Prognosis ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants, which have received widespread attentions due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic toxicity. The microbial degradation of PAHs are usually started from the hydroxylation, followed by dehydrogenation, ring cleavage and step-by-step removal of branched chains, and finally mineralized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Rieske type non-heme iron aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases (RHOs) or cytochrome P450 oxidases are responsible for the conversion of hydrophobic PAHs into hydrophilic derivatives by the ring hydroxylation. The ring hydroxylation is the first step of PAHs degradation and also one of the rate-limiting steps. Here, we review the distribution, substrate specificity, and substrate recognition mechanisms of RHOs, along with some techniques and methods used for the research of RHOs and PAHs.
Bacteria/metabolism* ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Dioxygenases/metabolism* ; Iron ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Substrate Specificity

Objective    To analyze the symptom characteristics and influencing factors in order to provide reference for symptom management of patients with esophageal cancer after operation. Methods    A total of 216 esophageal cancer patients, including 180 males and 36 females with an average age of 63.7±8.3 years, who underwent surgical operation in our hospital from March to October 2018 were recruited and investigated with self-designed symptom questionnaire at 1 month after surgery. Results    The top five symptoms were acid reflux (48.6%), cough (42.6%), dysphagia (40.7%), hoarseness (12.0%), and diarrhea (11.6%). Women were more prone to acid reflux (OR=2.053), fatigue (OR=1.932), chest pain (OR=3.681), sleep disturbance (OR=2.419), abdominal pain (OR=3.882), nausea (OR=3.014) and vomiting (OR=2.505). Patients over 60 years were more prone to dysphagia (OR=2.274). Patients with lower thoracic esophageal cancer had a higher incidence of dysphagia compared with patients with carcinoma of esophagogastric junction (OR=0.326). Patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy were more likely to suffer acid reflux (OR=1.594). Open surgery (OR=3.681) and neoadjuvant radiotherapy (OR=2.495) were the risk factors of chest pain. Conclusion    There are many symptoms in patients with esophageal cancer after operation, and the occurrence of symptoms is closely related to gender, age, tumor location, surgical procedure and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.