Objective: To study whether the infection of Schistosomiasis japanicum (S. japanicum) is related to enhanced proliferation and migration of cancer cells, and the molecular mechanism pertains to cancer cell metastasis in human host. Methods: The gene of S. japanicum glutathione transferase (sjGST) cloned from S. japanicum was expressed, purified and applied in a series of assays to explore the effect of sjGST on proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-435S, and the expression of MMP2 and MMP9. Immunofluorescence assay for the binding of sjGST to MDA-MB-435S was also carried out. Results: Results showed that sjGST enhanced proliferation and migration in human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-435S signifycantly at 50-200 nM, but did not enhance them in human lung cancer cell A549. Immunofluorescence assay for the binding of sjGST to MDA-MB-435S and A549 showed that GST was readily bound to the breast cancer cells, but showed almost no binding to human lung cancer cells. The assays for gelatinase activity showed that both MMP2 and MMP9 activities were increased significantly in the presence of sjGST (50-200 nM) in MDA-MB-435S, but they were not significant in A549. Conclusions: Our current results show strongly that S. japanicum GST binds to MDA-MB-435S probably via its receptor, and enhances proliferation and migration of the cancer cells by up-regulatory expression of MMP2 and MMP9.

Objective To explore the correlation between serum Lipoxin A4 and clinical grading of chronic hepatitis B patients. Method The serum Lipoxin A4 was detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in 94 chronic hepatitis B patients. Results It was found that the level of serum Lipoxin A4 of severe hepatitis patients were significantly lower than mild hepatitis patients and moderate hepatitis patients ( =0.04 and =0.03) . The serum Lipoxin A4 levels were correlated negatively with the ALT and AST levels,respectively =-0.41, =0.019 and R=-0.37,P=0.034. Conclusion These findings support the fact that the serum Lipoxin A4 may contribute to clinical grading of chronic hepatitis B patients.

Objective To describe the reference intervals and their sources of tumor markers in clinical laboratories all over China.And make a comparison of difference between different testing systems.Methods The questionnaires about reference intervals of tumor markers testing were distributed to participants.The information was collected by external quality assessment software system based on website, which including upper and lower limits, sources, validation information and testing systems.The analytes were AFP, CEA, total-PSA, CA125, CA153, CA199, ferritin and free-PSA. The participants were classified according to the testing systems they used.The mean, median, maximum and minimum of each group were calculated using Microsoft Excel 2007.The difference of reference intervals between different testing systems were compared by Kruskal-Wallis test.Results The main source of reference intervals was instructions of testing system manufactures ( 83.1% for mean of 8 ratios ) .The next in sequence were instructions of reagent manufactures(8.4% for mean), National Guide to Clinical Laboratory Procedures (4.6%for mean), determined by their own laboratory(2.0% for mean) and the rest (1.9% for mean). There were 48.0% ( 1 906/3 967 ) of analytes whose reference intervals had been validated.Difference of reference intervals which was with P value of Kruskal-Wallis test with <0.05 was found between different testing system groups except the upper limit of free prostate specific antigen ( PSA ) .Conclusions Most clinical laboratories establish the reference intervals of tumor markers on the basis of instructions of testing system manufactures.The reference intervals among different testing systems have statistically significance.

A strain of Prototheca species isolated from a case of meningitis was identified by routine morphologic and biochemical methods as well as amplification of the related genes, in which the 28S large-subunit (LSU) region of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and intergenic space (ITS) were amplified with universal fungal primers. The small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene was amplified with eukaryote-specific primers and Prototheca genus-specific primers. Then, compared the sequences with the ones posted on BLAST (www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/BLAST). The organism choice giving the closest match, up to 99%, was considered the most likely correct identification. It was found that this strain of fungus grew well at 25 ℃ or 37 ℃. Smooth,moist colonies with white color were observed on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Microscopically, globular or ovoid cells, a number of round, ovoid shaped endospores could be observed. No hypha, ascus or blastic conidia was found upon cultivation on SDA. Based on the morphological characteristics, this isolate could be identified as Prototheca species. The identity with Prototheca wickerhamii was 2.9 % as demonstrated by the API 20C AUX system. Sequence analysis showed that the ITS gene was proved to be a complex structural region which was not suitable for the identification of Prototheca species, but the LSU and SSU rDNA regions showed 94% and 99.9% sequence identities with Prototheca zopfii var. hydrocarbonea (P. zopfii var. hydrocarbonea) respectively, indicating that the SSU rRNA gene sequence might be more reliable on than the LSU rRNA gene sequence for identification of Prototheca species.

The imbalance of lipid metabolism is an important factor causing a series of metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hyperlipidemia.Liver X receptors is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, which maintains cholesterol homeostasis by regulating cholesterol absorption, transport, reverse cholesterol transport, biosynthesis and other functions.It plays an important role in maintaining lipid homeostasis by regulating de novo fat synthesis to maintain the balance of fatty acids in the body.

Objective To explore the effect of low tidal volume ventilation on the treatment of children with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods Forty-four hospitalized children with ARDS from Jan 2008 to Dec 2011 at Kunming Children's Hospital were enrolled in this study.The observation group included 24 patients who received the treatment of low tidal volume ventilation (6 ～ 8 ml/kg),while the other 20 patients were in the control group who were given traditional volume ventilation (10 ～ 12 ml/kg).Oxygenation situations and blood gas analysis at 24,48,72 h after ventilation、mechanical ventilation complications,and the mortality in the first 28 days were observed.Results The ratios of PaO2/FiO2 were 104 ±23.6 in observation group and 112 ±34.7 in control group (P ＞0.05).However,after 24,48 and 72 h of ventilation,the ratios of PaO2/FiO2 showed statistical significance (t ≥2.01,P ＜0.05 ; t ≥2.74,P ＜ 0.01).Barotrauma in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (x2 =6.97,P ＜ 0.01).The mortality (16.7％) of the observation group was significantly lower than that (50％) of the control group (x2 =5.58,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Low tidal volume ventilation can reduce complications and improve oxygenation of ARDS patients,and reduce the mortality in ARDS children.The improved rescue technology should be applied for the treatment of children with ARDS.

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to identify the effects of corticotomy-assisted orthodontic premolar intrusion andevaluate the changes of root resorption and the alveolar bone.

METHODSBoth sides of the mandible of eight male Beagle dogswere randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The third (P3) and fourth (P4) premolars were intruded withboth mini-screw implant anchorage (MIA) and corticotomy on the experimental side. By contrast, P3 and P4 were intrudedwith MIA alone on the control side. During pre-operation and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of orthodontic force applications,cone beam computed tomography was performed on every dog. The distance of tooth intrusion and root resorption of furcation, as well as the apex and height changes of the alveolar bone were measured and analyzed.

RESULTSThe intrusion distanceof premolars on the experimental side was greater than that on the control side (P < 0.05). The root of furcation and apex onboth sides occurred in root resorption, and the root resorption of the apex on the experimental side was lighter than that onthe control side after 12 weeks of force application (P < 0.05). The alveolar bone height decreased, and the height reductiondistance on the experimental side was greater than that on the control side after 8 and 12 weeks of force application (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCorticotomy accelerates orthodontic molarintrusion and reduces root resorption.

Animals ; Bicuspid ; anatomy & histology ; Bone Screws ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dogs ; Male ; Mandible ; Root Resorption ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; Tooth Root

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the rationality and validity of chemical medicine tablet production equipment cleaning pro-cedure. METHODS:Among several chemical medicines prepared by similar production technology as Metoprolol succinate sus-tained-release tablets,Captopril tablets,Isosorbide mononitrate tablet and Metformin hydrochloride tablet,Metoprolol succinate sus-tained-release tablets had strongest toxicity and were included in validation test. The production equipment was cleaned and disinfect-ed according to cleaning procedure. The point which was most difficult to clean could be wiped and sampled by using the cotton swab method. The detection limit and the limit of quantitation of the residue limits were verified as well as the recovery rate of wip-ing,in order to evaluate whether the results meet the requirements. RESULTS:The cotton swab method is adopted to wipe sample and detect the point which is most difficult to clean. The visible foreign body has not been found in each sampling point. The amount of residual drug is <29.75 μg/cotton bud,and microbial limits are <50 CFU/cotton bud,indicating test items are in line with the standard. CONCLUSIONS:The cleaning method can effectively clean the production equipment,and can effectively pre-vent product contamination and cross contamination to ensure the quality,efficacy and safety of the next batch of products.

To determining the postmortem interval (PMI) through quantitative analysis of the DNA degradation of cell nucleus in human brain and spleen by using image analysis technique (IAT). The brain and spleen tissues from 32 cadavers with known PMI were collected, subjected to cell smear every 1 h within the first 5-36 h after death, stained by Feulgen-Van's staining, Three indices reflecting DNA in brain cells (astrocytes) and splenic lymphocytes, including integral optical density (IOD), average optical density (AOD), average gray (AG) were measured by employing the mage analysis instrument. The results showed that IOD and AOD declined and AG increased with the prolongation of dead time within 5-36 h. A correlation between the PMI and gray parameters (IOD, AOD and AG) was identified and the corresponding regression equation was obtained. The parameters (IOD, AOD and AG) were proved to be effective quantitative indicators for accurate estimation of PMI within 5-36 h after death.
Cell Nucleus/*pathology ; DNA Degradation, Necrotic ; Forensic Pathology ; Liver/*pathology ; Postmortem Changes ; Spleen/*pathology ; Time Factors

Objective To assess the effect of low‐dose aspirin on endometrium after transcervical resection for severe intrau‐terine .Methods Eighty women after transcervical resection and foley balloon for severe intrauterine adhesions were divided into 4 groups randomly .Twenty cases in each group .Group A :fill jiale 3 mg ,3 times/day ,1 consecutive month ;Group B :fill jiale 3 mg ,3 times/day plus aspirin 50 mg ,1 time/day ,1 consecutive month ;Group C :fill jiale 3 mg ,3 times/day ,75 mg of aspirin ,1 time/day ,1 consecutive month ;Group D :fill jiale 3 mg ,3 times/day ,100 mg of aspirin ,1 time/day ,1 month in a row .Endometrial thickness , pattern of endometrium ,the resistance index(RI) and pulsed index (PI) were observed and recorded the menstrual blood volume . The endometrial cavity were performed through hysteroscope after one month .Results First ,all endometrial thickness in group B , C ,D on HCG day were thicker than group A ,there were significant difference(P< 0 .05) ;A‐type endometrium rate of group B ,C , D were higher than that of group A ,however ,RI and PI were lower than that of group A ,there had significant difference compared with group A(P< 0 .05) ;Second ,the menstrual blood volume have been great changed in group B ,C ,D ,there had significant differ‐ence compared with group A(P< 0 .05) ,there were no significant changes between the three group(P> 0 .05) ;Third ,the endome‐trial cavity in group B ,C ,D were recovery well(P< 0 .05) ,there were no significant changes between the three group(P > 0 .05) . Conclusion low‐dose aspirin combined fill jiale can significantly improve the growth of endometrial caused by intrauterine adhe‐sions cutting and recovery .