ObjectiveTo compare tongue positions at rest between normal occlusion people and patients with anterior cross-bite malocclusions,and to explore whether there is any abnormality in the tongue position of the anterior cross-bite malocclusions.Methods Twenty adults of normal bite (8 males and 12 females,with an average age of 23.8 years) and 20 adults of anterior cross-bite (1 1males and 9 females,with an average age of 24.6 years) were involved in this study.The position habits of tongue were investigated by a questionnaire.The tongue positions,which were enhanced by applying barium to tongue and palatal surface,were compared by cephalometric roentgenogram.Two groups were compared by t-test to determine the variation of anterior cross-bite. Results In normal occlusion group,the dorsum of tongues was sealed with all palatal surfaces except uvula site.In anterior cross bite group,tongues were far from palate,and were difficult to lift.The profile of tongue showed standing upright forward and up in normal occlusion group,while inclining back and low in anterior cross-bite group.The tops of tongue dorsum sites were at the border of soft and hard palate in normal occlusion group.While in anterior cross bite group,the tops of tongue dorsum sites were at the border of uvula and soft palate.In anterior cross-bite group,the tongue-to palate distance was bigger than that of normal occlusion group (P＜0.01).However,both length and height of the tongue had no significant differences between two groups (P＞0.05).ConclusionsIn anterior cross-bite patients,tongue positions were lower than that of normal occlusion people.

Objective To study the distance and pattern of the movement of the maxillary teeth after 6 months driftodontics for dental crowding.Methods 20 dental crowding children,according to the treatment plan,who were required to removal four first premolars,were involved in this study (8 males,12 females,aged 11-14 years old).All of the children did not wear appliance in six months after teeth extraction.X-ray image data before and six months after teeth extraction were collected.The width of extraction space,the anterior irregular index and inclination of the axis of each tooth were recorded before and six months after tooth extraction.The data were analyzed by t-test and Pearson relative analysis.Results The study model showed that bilateral maxillary space of extraction pre-and pro-driftodontics decreased (5.79 ± 4.9) mm (P ＜ 0.01) ; anterior crowding decreased (5.79± 4.12) mm,irregular index was significantly reduced (P＜0.01).Cephalometric film measurement showed that canine crown moved distally (4.87±3.54) mm after the drift (P＜0.01).Canine tooth axis changed from mesial to upright.The crown of maxillary first molar moved mesially (1.18± 0.52) mm (P ＜ 0.01).There were no significant changes in apical position.Conclusions After 6 months of the physiological drift,upright moving of canine relieves anterior teeth crowding.The molar anchorage is saved.

Objective To observe the effect of different doses unilateral and compound of artesunate and ursolic acid on lipid metabolism in rats′model, find out the best ratio of artesunate and ursolic acid .Methods Lipid metabolism disorders model was in-duced by feeding high fat diet in rat .The best ratio was screened through comparing the lipid level of rats ofdifferent groups .Results The results showed that Artesunate ( high dose ) +Ursolicacid ( high dose ) significantly reduced TG , CHO and LDL-C, increased HDL-C and H/L.Lipid-lowering effect was superior the positive drug fenofibrate , but also superior to the same dose of artesunate and ursolic acid alone.No significant effect of each test sample on the rat liver function was observed (P>0.05).Conclusion Artesunate and ursolic acid ratio of 1:1 had the best lipid-lowering effect, and the recommended dose was (50+50) mg/kg.

Objective:To explore the prognostic value of baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods:From September 2015 to October 2021, the clinical data of 180 LACC patients (age: 22-76 years) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before CCRT at Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. The metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), SUV max, and SUV mean were computed by using the margin threshold of 42%SUV max. The optimal threshold for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) was obtained by ROC curve analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method was applied for survival analysis, and the log-rank test was applied to compare the survival rate between groups. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze progression for PFS. Results:The median follow-up was 19.1 months, and 54 patients (30.0%, 54/180) suffered from disease progression. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of MTV was 31.145 ml, with the AUC of 0.641. Para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastasis had the highest AUC value (0.589) among the clinical factors, followed by International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (0.581). The 1-year PFS rates of patients with MTV<31.145 ml ( n=88) and MTV≥31.145 ml ( n=92) were 80.68% and 59.78%, respectively ( χ2=13.72, P<0.001). Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that pathological type (hazard ratio ( HR)=3.075, 95% CI: 1.370-6.901, P=0.006), FIGO stage ( HR=1.955, 95% CI: 1.031-3.707, P=0.040), PALN metastasis ( HR=2.136, 95% CI: 1.202-3.796, P=0.010) and MTV ( HR=2.449, 95% CI: 1.341-4.471, P=0.004) were the significant predictors for PFS. Conclusions:Pathological type, FIGO stage, PALN metastasis and MTV are independent prognostic risk factors for PFS. MTV as the baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameter, can realize prognostic stratification analysis.

Objective:To investigate the early clinical characteristics of elderly patients with severe burns and the risk factors on prognosis.Methods:This study was a retrospective case series study. Clinical data of 124 elderly patients with severe burns who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to the 12 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected, including 4 patients from the Fourth People's Hospital of Dalian, 5 patients from Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 22 patients from Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, 5 patients from Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, 27 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, 9 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 10 patients from Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 9 patients from Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University & Wuhan Third Hospital, 12 patients from the 924 th Hospital of PLA, 6 patients from Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, 4 patients from Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, and 11 patients from Zhengzhou First People's Hospital. The patients' overall clinical characteristics, such as gender, age, body mass index, total burn area, full-thickness burn area, inhalation injury, causative factors, whether combined with underlying medical diseases, and admission time after injury were recorded. According to the survival outcome within 28 days after injury, the patients were divided into survival group (89 cases) and death group (35 cases). The following data of patients were compared between the two groups, including the basic data and injuries (the same as the overall clinical characteristics ahead); the coagulation indexes within the first 24 hours of injury such as prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time, D-dimer, fibrinogen degradation product (FDP), international normalized ratio (INR), and fibrinogen; the blood routine indexes within the first 24 hours of injury such as white blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit; the organ function indexes within the first 24 hours of injury such as direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, urea, serum creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, globulin, blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, electrolyte indexes (potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in blood), uric acid, myoglobin, and brain natriuretic peptide; the infection and blood gas indexes within the first 24 hours of injury such as procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, pH value, oxygenation index, base excess, and lactate; treatment such as whether conducted with mechanical ventilation, whether conducted with continuous renal replacement therapy, whether conducted with anticoagulation therapy, whether applied with vasoactive drugs, and fluid resuscitation. The analysis was conducted to screen the independent risk factors for the mortality within 28 days after injury in elderly patients with severe burns. Results:Among 124 patients, there were 82 males and 42 females, aged 60-97 years, with body mass index of 23.44 (21.09, 25.95) kg/m 2, total burn area of 54.00% (42.00%, 75.00%) total body surface area (TBSA), and full-thickness burn area of 25.00% (10.00%, 40.00%) TBSA. The patients were mainly combined with moderate to severe inhalation injury and caused by flame burns. There were 43 cases with underlying medical diseases. The majority of patients were admitted to the hospital within 8 hours after injury. There were statistically significant differences between patients in the 2 groups in terms of age, total burn area, full-thickness burn area, and inhalation injury, and PT, APTT, D-dimer, FDP, INR, white blood cell count, platelet count, urea, serum creatinine, blood glucose, blood sodium, uric acid, myoglobin, and urine volume within the first 24 hours of injury (with Z values of 2.37, 5.49, 5.26, 5.97, 2.18, 1.95, 2.68, 2.68, 2.51, 2.82, 2.14, 3.40, 5.31, 3.41, 2.35, 3.81, 2.16, and -3.82, respectively, P<0.05); there were statistically significant differences between two groups of patients in whether conducted with mechanical ventilation and whether applied with vasoactive drugs (with χ2 values of 9.44 and 28.50, respectively, P<0.05). Age, total burn area, full-thickness burn area, serum creatinine within the first 24 hours of injury, and APTT within the first 24 hours of injury were the independent risk factors for the mortality within 28 days after injury in elderly patients with severe burns (with odds ratios of 1.17, 1.10, 1.10, 1.09, and 1.27, 95% confidence intervals of 1.03-1.40, 1.04-1.21, 1.05-1.19, 1.05-1.17, and 1.07-1.69, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions:The elderly patients with severe burns had the injuries mainly from flame burns, often accompanied by moderate to severe inhalation injury and enhanced inflammatory response, elevated blood glucose levels, activated fibrinolysis, and impaired organ function in the early stage, which are associated with their prognosis. Age, total burn area, full-thickness burn area, and serum creatinine and APTT within the first 24 hours of injury are the independent risk factors for death within 28 days after injury in this population.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic surgery and conventional surgery combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of Neuroblastoma. Method: Forty-three patients with olfactory neuroblastoma undergoing surgery combined with radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into endoscopic surgery and conventional surgery. All patients received postoperative radiotherapy at a dose of 60-70 Gy, the 5-year survival rate and local recurrence time of the two groups were compared, and the therapeutic effects of endoscopic surgery and traditional surgery were compared. Result: Through survival analysis, the 5-year overall survival rates of the traditional surgery group and the endoscopic surgery group were 50% and 58% （P=0.560）, the local recurrence rates were 44% and 48% （P=0.288）, and the mean recurrence time was 5.6 months and 12.5 months （P=0.032）. Conclusion There was no difference between endoscopic surgery and conventional surgery combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of Neuroblastoma, and the time of local recurrence was significantly prolonged. In early Neuroblastoma, endoscopic sinus surgery may be superior to open surgery in terms of efficacy and patient survival.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic surgery and conventional surgery combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of Neuroblastoma. Forty-three patients with olfactory neuroblastoma undergoing surgery combined with radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into endoscopic surgery and conventional surgery. All patients received postoperative radiotherapy at a dose of 60-70 Gy, the 5-year survival rate and local recurrence time of the two groups were compared, and the therapeutic effects of endoscopic surgery and traditional surgery were compared. Through survival analysis, the 5-year overall survival rates of the traditional surgery group and the endoscopic surgery group were 50% and 58% （=0.560）, the local recurrence rates were 44% and 48% （=0.288）, and the mean recurrence time was 5.6 months and 12.5 months （=0.032）. There was no difference between endoscopic surgery and conventional surgery combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of Neuroblastoma, and the time of local recurrence was significantly prolonged. In early Neuroblastoma, endoscopic sinus surgery may be superior to open surgery in terms of efficacy and patient survival.

The stem and branch extract of Tripterygium wilfordii (Celastraceae) afforded seven new dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene polyesters [tripterysines A-G (1-7)] and eight known ones (8-15). The chemical structures of these new compounds were established based on combinational analysis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR techniques. The absolute configurations of tripterysines A-C (1-3) and E-G (5-7) were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis and circular dichroism spectra. All the compounds were screened for their inhibitory effect on inflammation through determining their inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced BV2 macrophages. Compound 9 exhibited significant inhibitory activity on NO production with an IC₅₀ value of 8.77 μmol·L^-1. Moreover, compound 7 showed the strongest inhibitory effect with the secretion of IL-6 at 27.36%.
Tripterygium/chemistry* ; Esters/pharmacology* ; Interleukin-6 ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology* ; Plant Leaves/chemistry* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry* ; Nitric Oxide/analysis* ; Sesquiterpenes/chemistry* ; Molecular Structure

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect and safety of long-acting pegylated interferon-α-2b (Peg-IFN-α-2b) (Y shape, 40 kD) injection (180 μg/week) in the treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, with standard-dose Peg-IFN-α-2a as positive control. Methods: This study was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, and positive-controlled phase III clinical trial. Eligible HBeAg-positive CHB patients were screened out and randomized to Peg-IFN-α-2b (Y shape, 40 kD) trial group and Peg-IFN-α-2a control group at a ratio of 2:1. The course of treatment was 48 weeks and the patients were followed up for 24 weeks after drug withdrawal. Plasma samples were collected at screening, baseline, and 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 weeks for centralized detection. COBAS® Ampliprep/COBAS® TaqMan® HBV Test was used to measure HBV DNA level by quantitative real-time PCR. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay with Elecsys kit was used to measure HBV markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe). Adverse events were recorded in detail. The primary outcome measure was HBeAg seroconversion rate after the 24-week follow-up, and non-inferiority was also tested. The difference in HBeAg seroconversion rate after treatment between the trial group and the control group and two-sided confidence interval (CI) were calculated, and non-inferiority was demonstrated if the lower limit of 95% CI was > -10%. The t-test, chi-square test, or rank sum test was used according to the types and features of data. Results: A total of 855 HBeAg-positive CHB patients were enrolled and 820 of them received treatment (538 in the trial group and 282 in the control group). The data of the full analysis set showed that HBeAg seroconversion rate at week 72 was 27.32% in the trial group and 22.70% in the control group with a rate difference of 4.63% (95% CI -1.54% to 10.80%, P = 0.1493). The data of the per-protocol set showed that HBeAg seroconversion rate at week 72 was 30.75% in the trial group and 27.14% in the control group with a rate difference of 3.61% (95% CI -3.87% to 11.09%, P = 0.3436). 95% CI met the non-inferiority criteria, and the trial group was non-inferior to the control group. The two groups had similar incidence rates of adverse events, serious adverse events, and common adverse events. Conclusion In Peg-IFN-α regimen for HBeAg-positive CHB patients, the new drug Peg-IFN-α-2b (Y shape, 40 kD) has comparable effect and safety to the control drug Peg-IFN-α-2a.

Self-organized blastoids from extended pluripotent stem (EPS) cells possess enormous potential for investigating postimplantation embryo development and related diseases. However, the limited ability of postimplantation development of EPS-blastoids hinders its further application. In this study, single-cell transcriptomic analysis indicated that the "trophectoderm (TE)-like structure" of EPS-blastoids was primarily composed of primitive endoderm (PrE)-related cells instead of TE-related cells. We further identified PrE-like cells in EPS cell culture that contribute to the blastoid formation with TE-like structure. Inhibition of PrE cell differentiation by inhibiting MEK signaling or knockout of Gata6 in EPS cells markedly suppressed EPS-blastoid formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blastocyst-like structures reconstituted by combining the EPS-derived bilineage embryo-like structure (BLES) with either tetraploid embryos or tetraploid TE cells could implant normally and develop into live fetuses. In summary, our study reveals that TE improvement is critical for constructing a functional embryo using stem cells in vitro.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Animals ; Mice ; Tetraploidy ; Blastocyst ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Cell Differentiation ; Embryonic Development