This study is to investigate the effects of aqueous extract of Schisandra chinensis Baill (WWZ), kadsurin, schisandrin A, schisandrin B and schisandrol B on rat hepatic CYP3A. Rats received a daily gavage of aqueous extract of WWZ for different times. The livers were harvested after gavage and subjected to microsome preparation. Microsomal CYP3A activity was determined by measuring the amount of the metabolite of testosterone (6 beta-hydroxytestosterone) with HPLC. Aqueous extract of WWZ, kadsurin and schisandrin A were incubated with microsomes obtained from rat. Microsomal CYP3A activity was determined by HPLC. Primary hepatocytes were separated and extracted from rat, then were treated with aqueous extract of WWZ, schisandrin A, schisandrin B and schisandrol B. Then, the expression of CYP3A1 mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR. As for the in vivo assay, aqueous extract of WWZ significantly inhibited the enzyme activity of CYP3A after 12 h gavage. The inhibitory effect was converted to inductive effect after 3-day gavage. Aqueous extract of WWZ could induce the enzyme activity of CYP3A after 6-day gavage. Aqueous extract of WWZ and kadsurin showed a dose-dependent inhibition of CYP3A (IC50 of 487.8 microg mL(-1) and 6.2 micromol L(-1), separately). In rat primary hepatocytes, aqueous extract of WWZ (2.5 mg mL(-1)), schisandrin A (0.1 micromol L(-1)), schisandrin B (0.1 micromol L(-1)) and schisandrol B (10 micromol L(-1)) increased significantly the expression of CYP3A1 mRNA by 23%, 55%, 42% and 27%, respectively. Aqueous extract of WWZ could show dual effect on the enzyme activity of CYP3A in rat in vivo. Meanwhile, kadsurin showed a dose-dependent inhibition of the enzyme activity of hepatic CYP3A in vitro. And schisandrin A, schisandrin B and schisandrol B showed significant inductive effect on the expression of rat CYP3A1 mRNA.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of shuxuening treatment on organophosphorus pesti-cide poisoning with toxic myocarditis.Methods 60 patients with organophosphorus toxic myocarditis were selected in our hospital as the research subjects,and 60 cases were divided into two groups:observation group(n =30) and control group(n =30).Control group was given conventional treatment,treatment group was given shuxuening injec-tion 14 days on the basis of conventional treatment.After treatment,creatine kinase isoenzyme (CKMB),troponin (TNI),interleukin 6 (IL -6) and cholinesterase(ChE) were compared,and the changes of clinical symptoms were observed at the same time.Results There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group(χ2 =0.630,P =0.730).The TNI,IL -6,CKMB could reflect the severity of myocardial injury in patients with different degrees of organic phosphorus poisoning,TNI,CK -MB,IL -6 increased with the degree of poisoning,the differences were statistically significant(F =11.863,4.512,3.774;P =0.000,0.015,0.029).After treatment for 4, 9,14 days,TnI,CK,CK -MB,levels of IL -6 in the two groups were recovered,but the recovery levels of TnI,CK -MB and IL -6 of the observation group significantly better than the control group,the differences were statistically sig-nificant(Fourth days,t =8.125,5.128,10.461;P =0.000,0.001,0.000;Ninth days,t =5.464,4.674,9.510;P =0.001,0.002,0.000,t =6.162,8.248,5.523;P =0.000,0.000,0.001).Conclusion Conventional treatment combined with shuxuening in the treatment of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning with toxic myocarditis has better therapeutic effect,it is worthy of promotion.

Translational medicine has become the current focus in the field of medicine and health.To promote the development of translational medicine,the government should play multiple roles as planner,investor,coordinator,and supervisor,and to take its due responsibilities.

Based on hospital development cycle and the core rigidities theory,the authors made a strategic analysis on the building of research-oriented hospital of the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital.They put forward that building a research-oriented hospital is key to exceeding the core rigidities of the hospital and promoting core competence.In their practice,they developed the model featuring innovation culture as the leader,hospital-institute in one as the pattern,composite talents as the core,integrated innovation as the mechanism,and high-level medical cooperation as promoter.

As the final link of quality evaluation of postgraduates'cultivation,academic oral defense system should be strictly organized to promote the training quality. Many problems such as formality of pre-defense,high proportion of personal relations and difficulty invitation for defensive experts exist in the current academic oral defense system. Aiming at the problems,the author puts forward corresponding countermeasures for the actual improvement including establishment of defensive experts bank,double-blind evaluation system of papers ,twice arrangements of pre-defense and unified organization of defensive experts on hospital level.

The pharmacological activity of active ingredients from Chinese medicine depends greatly on the microecological environment of probiotics in the human body. After effective ingredients from traditional Chinese medicines are metabolized or biotransformed by probiotics, their metabolites can increase pharmacological activity, and can be absorbed more easily to improve the bioavailability. Therefore, the combination of Chinese medicines with probiotics is the innovation point in R&D of functional food and Chinese medicines, and also a new thinking for the modernization of Chinese medicine.This review summarizes and analyses the research progress on metabolism effects of gut microbiota on Chinese medicines components, the regulating effect of effective ingredients from Chinese medicine on intestinal probiotics, the application status of probiotics in traditional Chinese medicines, and the main problems and prospects in the research and development of Chinese medicines products with probiotic, aiming to provide theoretical guidance and practical value for the fermentation engineering of Chinese herbal medicine.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Probiotics

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Muc1, p63 protein in diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma. METHOD: Immunohistochemistry (SP) was used to detect the expressions of Muc1, p63 protein in 30 samples of DSVPTC (experiment group) and 30 samples of CPTC (control group). Patients in two groups were matched in age, gender, tumor side, tumor size and date of diagnosis. RESULT: (1) The positive rate of Muc1 in DSVPTC and CPTC was 76.67% (23/30) and 53.33% (16/30) respectively, immunohistochemical staining expressed as brown or tan particles in the membrane or the cytoplasm,with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The positive rate of p63 in DSVPTC and CPTC was 80% (24/30) and 43.33% (13/30) respectively, immunohistochemical staining expressed as a brown or tan particles in the muclei,with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). (2) Cervical lymph node metastasis rate in DSVPTC and CPTC was 50% (15/30) and 20% (6/30) respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). (3) In All cases,the positive rate of Muc1 in cervical lymph node metastasis group (21 cases) and without metastasis group (39 cases) was 85.71% (18/21) and 53.85% (21/39) respectively,with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05); the positive rate of p63 was 95.24% (20/21) and 43.59% (17/39) respectively,with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). (4) Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that expression of Muc1 and p63 were positively correlated in both groups(r = 0.530,0. 386, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION (1) There are high expression of Muc1 and p63 protein in DSVPTC, and relatively low expression in CPTC, DSVPTC have a higher rate of cervical lymph node metastasis at the time of being diagnosed, compared to the CPTC. These results show that DSVPTC is a more biologically aggressive variant of the PTC. (2) Abnormal expression of Muc1 and p63 may be important to promote the progression and metastasis of PTC, thus they can be used as predictors of malignant behavior in PTC. (3) Muc1 and p63 may be synergistically promote proliferation and invasion metastasis of the PTC malignant cell.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

It is still at the initial stage for basic-level military doctors to participate in the standardized residency training. While, their professional backgrounds and training objectives are significantly different from those civilian residents, it is necessary to explore the standardized training methods in line with the military career demands for those basic-level military doctors. Based on the actual needs of grass-roots troops and military medicine, this study makes significant progress in the integration of standardized residency training and field surgery training methods, making the basic-level military doctors achieve the goal of field surgery training in the course of clinical practice of residents. Not only the surgical capability of basic-level military doctors, but also the medical support capability in grass-roots troops has been improved. This article summarizes the application methods and experience of field surgery teaching in the standardized residency training of military medical residents at the grass-roots level.

Aggregatibacter aphrophilus is a member of the normal flora of the human oral cavity and pharynx, a Gram-negative fastidous bacteria, belonging to agglomerates, which is a normal mixed oropharyngeal flora in humans, most commonly colonized on the surface of oral mucosa. This bacterial infection is rare in clinical practice, and it is difficult to culture and identify the bacteria, which is easy to be missed. A patient with intracranial infection was admitted to Huaihe Hospital, who showed fever and headache as the main clinical manifestations, and Aggregatibacter aphrophilus was detected by the metagenomic next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid. The patient′s symptoms were significantly improved after anti-infection treatment.

Objective:To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-α-inducible protein 8-like 2(TIPE2)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or interleukin-4(IL-4)-induced phenotypic switch of adipose tissue macrophages(ATM).Methods:The expression levels of TIPE2, inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1), CD206, and arginase 1(Arg-1)in the visceral adipose tissue of obese mice, TIPE2-knockout(KO)mice, and control mice were detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and real-time PCR(RT-qPCR). Peritoneal macrophages isolated from KO and wild-type mice and RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line were cultured, and then stimulated with LPS(100 ng/mL)or IL-4(20 ng/mL)for 6 hours. The expression levels of TIPE2, iNOS, MCP-1, CD206, and Arg-1 were detected by Western blotting and RT-qPCR.Results:Obese mice showed down-regulated TIPE2 expression, up-regulated pro-inflammatory markers iNOS and MCP-1 expressions, and down-regulated anti-inflammatory markers CD206 and Arg-1 expressions. LPS decreased the expression of TIPE2 in RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages from mice, increased the expression of the classically activated macrophages(M1 phenotype)markers iNOS and MCP-1, and decreased the expression of the substituting activated macrophages(M2 phenotype)markers CD206 and Arg-1. IL-4 increased the expression of TIPE2 in RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages, decreased the expression of iNOS and MCP-1, and increased the expression of CD206 and Arg-1. During the M1 polarization of macrophages, LPS increased toll-like receptor(TLR4)expression as well as nuclear transcription factor κBα suppressor protein(IκBα) and NF-κB phosphorylations in macrophages. Knockout of TIPE2 further increased the expression of the TLR4/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway and M1 macrophage markers, and further reduced the expression of the M2 macrophage markers.Conclusion:TIPE2 regulates ATM phenotypic transformation through inhibition of the TLR4/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway, which ameliorates adipose tissue inflammation in obese states.