1.Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with essential tremor
Yakup Turkel ; Nurgul Ornek ; Ersel Dag ; Kemal Ornek ; Murat Alpua ; Tevfik Ogurel ; Yasar Olmez
Neurology Asia 2015;20(3):363-366
Objective: To investigate the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in essential tremor (ET).
Methods: Twenty-seven eyes of 27 patients with essential tremor were included in this study. Twentyseven
eyes of 27 healthy volunteers served as controls. All eyes were examined with spectral domain
optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Retinascan Advanced RS-3000; NIDEK, Gamagori, Japan)
using image filling software program (NAVIS-EX, NIDEK, Tokyo, Japan). Results: No statistically
significant difference was detected between ET patients and control group for overall (RNFL) and
foveal retinal thickness parameters. [RNFL thickness (Average thickness p=0.86, superior average
p=0.22, inferior average p=0.24, nasal average p=0.06, temporal average p=0.88), foveal retinal
thickness p=0.63] There was no relationship between OCT parameters and age, gender and duration
of ET (all p>0.05).
Conclusion: We did not find altered RNFL and foveal thickness values in patients with ET compared to
controls. Retinal thickness changes do not seem to be a potentially useful biomarker in ET patients.
2.Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with essential tremor
Yakup Turkel ; Nurgul Ornek ; Ersel Dag ; Kemal Ornek ; Murat Alpua ; Tevfik Ogurel ; Yasar Olmez
Neurology Asia 2015;20(4):363-366
Objective: To investigate the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in essential tremor (ET).
Methods: Twenty-seven eyes of 27 patients with essential tremor were included in this study. Twentyseven
eyes of 27 healthy volunteers served as controls. All eyes were examined with spectral domain
optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Retinascan Advanced RS-3000; NIDEK, Gamagori, Japan)
using image filling software program (NAVIS-EX, NIDEK, Tokyo, Japan). Results: No statistically
significant difference was detected between ET patients and control group for overall (RNFL) and
foveal retinal thickness parameters. [RNFL thickness (Average thickness p=0.86, superior average
p=0.22, inferior average p=0.24, nasal average p=0.06, temporal average p=0.88), foveal retinal
thickness p=0.63] There was no relationship between OCT parameters and age, gender and duration
of ET (all p>0.05).
Conclusion: We did not find altered RNFL and foveal thickness values in patients with ET compared to
controls. Retinal thickness changes do not seem to be a potentially useful biomarker in ET patients.
Essential Tremor
3.ADC evaluations of the hippocampus and amygdala in multiple sclerosis
Mikail Inal ; Birsen Unal Daphan ; Yasemin Karadeniz Bilgili ; Yakup Turkel ; Ibrahim Kala
Neurology Asia 2014;19(4):387-391
Background & Objective:Diffusion-weighted MR imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)
values provide significant structural information about tissues in multiple sclerosis (MS).The goal of
this study was to evaluate the ADC values in the hippocampus and amygdala in MS. Methods:Thirtyeightpatients
with MS and 41 healthy individualswere included in the study. ADC values were
measured bilaterallyfrom three different pointsin the hippocampus and amygdala in MS patients and
were compared with those of the controls. An analysis of varianceposthoc test was used to analyse the
differences among mean ADC values between MS and control groups.Results:The mean ADC values
of both sides of thehippocampus and the left amygdala in MS patients were lower than the control
group. The mean ADC values of the right amygdala in MS patients were lower than the control group,
but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion:We observed restricted diffusion in the hippocampus and amygdala in MS patients contrary
to information in the literature.