BACKGROUND:Chitosan biological materials can induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate toward neurons. As a derivative of chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan has a series of excelent properties. However, whether carboxymethyl chitosan can induce the neuronal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells remains unclear.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of carboxymethyl chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neurons and the possible mechanism.METHODS:Passage 3 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from rats were selected and cultured in carboxymethyl chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel extracts in different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 500 g/L). Control cells were cultured in culture medium with no addition of carboxymethyl chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel extracts. MTT assay was performed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of carboxymethyl chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel extracts on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation. Western blot assay was used to explore the effect of 150 g/L carboxymethyl chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel extracts on the expression of neuron-specific enolase, Nestin, Vimentin, NF-M, microtubule associated protein 2, glial fibrillary acidic protein, β3-tubulin, Notch1 and Jag1 protein.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:MTT assay showed that carboxymethyl chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel promoted the cell proliferation, and the proliferation rate reached the peak at the concentration of 150 g/L. Western blot assay showed that the cells induced by 150 g/L carboxymethyl chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel extract had significant increases in neuron-specific enolase, Nestin, Vimentin, NF-M, microtubule associated protein 2, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and β3-tubulin protein expression, and obvious decreases in Notch1 and Jag1 protein expression in comparison with the control group. These results indicate that the carboxymethyl chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel induces rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate toward neurons, and suppresses the activity of Notch signal pathway in the process of differentiation.

Objective To evaluate the implementation process of a basic public health service in Zhengzhou. Methods The primary data on the trends in the development of basic public health services were obtained from the annual report and the annual health statistics yearbooks from 2011 to 2016 published by the Zhengzhou City Health and Family Planning Commission. The techniques for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS method) and rank sum ratio method were used to comprehensively study and analyze the implementation effects of 22 indicators in 13 items of a five-year basic public health project in Zhengzhou. Results Judging from the TOPSIS analysis results, the C values from 2011 to 2016 were 0.3757, 0.3228, 0.5212, 0.6292, 0.6494, and 0.6673 respectively. The year with the highest C value was 2016 and the year with the lowest C value was 2012. Using the rank sum ratio method, the RSR values from 2011 to 2016 were 0.4545, 0.4280, 0.5340, 0.6023, 0.7235, and 0.7576 respectively. From this, 2016 was found to be the best year for plan implementation. Further, the implementation of the five-year basic public health service plan can be divided into three levels. When the range of P (percentile) was P84.134-, and the corresponding year was 2016, the implementation level was higher. When the P (percentile) range was P50-, and it corresponded with 2013, 2014, and 2015, implementation was at a medium level. When the P (percentile) range was