BACKGROUND:Studies have found that Wudi Dan can suppress local inflammatory response of the lesioned joints to protect the articular cartilage. OBJECTIVE:To verify the effect of Wudi Dan on chondrocyte viability and apoptosis as wel as the therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis. METHODS:Rat chondrocytes were cultured in serum medium containing Wudi Dan, and the effects of Wudi Dan on cel viability and apoptosis were observed by comparison with the control group. Rabbit model of knee osteoarthritis was constructed using modified Hulth method. Rabbit models were divided into two groups:Wudi Dan group treated with Wudi Dan and control group treated with normal saline, twice a day, consecutively for 4 weeks. Therapeutic effect of Wudi Dan on knee osteoarthritis was observed;cel viability and apoptosis were observed under microscope;the levels of interleukin-1 and matrix metal oproteinase-3 were determined using immunohistochemical method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The apoptotic rate of chondrocytes was significantly lower in the Wudi Dan group than the control group. Pathological findings of the rabbit knee joints showed that the control group had more severe damage to the articular cartilage than the Wudi Dan group. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that in the Wudi Dan group, the cytoplasm and extracel ular matrix were colored light and there were a smal number of positive cel s as wel as low expression of interleukin-1 and matrix metal oproteinase-3. The results suggest that Wudi Dan can effectively protect against articular cartilage lesions, reduce inflammation, and have a good therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis. Its mechanism may be related to inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis, reduction of cytokine production and inhibition of protein expression of matrix metal oproteinase.

ObjectiveTo study the surgical indications of using locking compression plate (LCP) to fix the posterior pelvic ring fracture,and to explore its surgical techniques.MethodsFrom September 2005 to February 2010,30 patients with posterior pelvic ring fracture were treated with LCP.Among them 21 were males,9 were females,with the average age of 38.7 years(ranged from 21 to 68 years).The injuries were caused by traffic accident in 14 cases,fall-down from high place in 10 cases,smash of heavy object in 6cases.According to Tile classification,4 patients were type B2,8 patients were type B3,12 patients were type C1,5 patients were type C2,and 1 patient was type C3.Concurrent injures including:3 cases with lung contusion; 3 cases with abdominal parenchymatous organs rupture,2 cases with intestinal rupture,5 cases with urethral injury,5 cases with traumatic brain injury,and 8 cases with fractures of limbs,spine and acetabulum.ResultsAll the incisions of 30 patients were healed by first intention.No skin necrosis,fat liquefaction and infection.Thirty cases were followed up from 13 to 40 months,with the average time of 25.1months.According to Majeed functional score system,20 cases were excellent,7 cases were good and 3 cases were acceptable,the excellent and good rate was 90％.Twelve cases got bone healing 3 months after operation,10 cases got bone healing 4 months after operation,and 8 cases got bone healing 6 months after operation.All the cases had no reduction loss,no limb length discrepancy,no deep venous thrombosis,and had not accelerated the previous nerve symptom.ConclusionUsing LCP to fix posterior pelvic ring fracture has many advantages,including wide indication,strong strength of fixation,well biomechanical properties,easy-to-use,and very good follow-up results.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of adult abdominal migraine (AM), and improve the understanding and the accuracy of diagnosis of this disease.Methods:A case of adult AM diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in October 2019 was reported, and patients diagnosed with AM in the medical literature from January 2004 to May 2020 were searched and summarized.Results:A total of 634 articles were retrieved, among which 14 articles reported 17 adult AM patients,totally 18 adult AM patients (11 females),including the case diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Only two cases were diagnosed within one year after the onset, and the other cases were diagnosed several years later, of which the longest diagnostic delay was 37 years. The location and nature of abdominal pain were diverse. The median frequency of episodes was 2.5 times per month. Sixteen patients had a duration of 2-72 hours per attack, and the longest one lasted for four days. Fourteen patients had nausea, 13 had vomiting, and seven had headache. Fifteen patients had a personal or family history of migraine. Sixteen patients′ episodes were separated by weeks to months. Because nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were not beneficial to adults with AM, abortive triptan therapy was recommended and anesthetics were considered when necessary. All patients responded to prophylactic migraine therapies.Conclusions:Adult AM is a rare disease. Patients with unexplained, recurrent and moderate to severe abdominal pain, combined with headache, a personal or family history of migraine, are highly suspected of having AM. Early diagnosis and prophylactic migraine therapies could contribute to good prognosis.

Objective To explore the toxicity and biological activity of cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) on osteoclasts,and to analyze the relationship between cobalt nanoparticles and osteolysis.Methods From November 2014 to July 2015,RAW264.7 cell was induced to osteoclast-like cell by LPS.Different concentrations of cobalt nanoparticles and cobalt chloride were added,and the cell morphology was observed under a microscope.24 h after induction on RAW264.7,cells were grouped into cobalt nanoparticles group (10,20,50,100 μmol/L),cobalt chloride group (10,20,50,100 mol/L) and control group.MTT assessment and Q-PCR were performed at 2 h,4 h,8 h,24 h,48 h post-treatment.Results With the increase of concentration (10,20,50,100 μmol/L) and the action time (2 h,4 h,8 h,24 h,48 h),the inhibition rate of cobalt nanoparticles and cobalt chloride on osteoclast like cells was significantly increased,and the inhibition rate of cobalt nanoparticles was higher.With different concentrations (10,20,50,100 μmol/L) of CoNPs and cobalt chloride,the relative expression of CAⅡ,Cat K gene mRNA expression decreased compared with the control group,when the concentration of CoNPs was in the range of 10-50 μ mol/L,the relative expression of CAⅡ and Cat K was increased,which was reduced in cobalt chloride group.Conclusion Different concentrations of cobalt nanoparticles and cobalt chloride can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts,and cobalt nanoparticles is more pronounced,when the concentration of cobalt nanoparticles was 10-50 μmol/L,the relative expression of osteoclasts CAⅡ,Cat K increaseed,which was suppressed at the same concentration of cobalt chloride.

Objective:To discuss the feasibility and value of open treatment for small and middle abdominal incision hernia repair.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 110 patients with abdominal wall incision hernia repair in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2018. They were divided into two groups according to the different operation, including open treatment group ( n=57)and laparoscopic treatment group ( n=53), the VAS efficacy scores, anal exhaust time, defecating time, removal of gastric tube time, removal of drainage tube time, first feed time, postoperative hospital stay time, hospitalization expenses were observed and analyzed respectively, measurement date with normal distribution were expressed as ( Mean± SD), comparisons between groups were analyzed using t test. Comparisons of count date between groups were analyzed using chi-square test. Results:All the patients were discharged, the VAS efficacy scores in open treatment about one day or three day and five day were (4.02±0.19), (2.21±0.26), (1.39±0.98) scores, the VAS efficacy scores in laparoscopic treatment were (4.68±0.62), (2.76±1.18), (1.84±0.62) scores, there were differences in complications between the two groups( P<0.05). The anal exhaust time, defecating time, removal of gastric tube time, removal of drainage tube time, first feed time of open treatment group were (50.73±14.69) h, (87.21±13.75) h, (9.64±3.92) h, (3.42±1.22) d, (37.11±9.76) h, and the laparoscopic treatment group were (65.14±9.54) h, (89.73±11.56) h, (11.43±5.61) h, (2.81±1.39) d, (38.92±7.59) h, there were differences complications between the two groups( P<0.05). The postoperative hospital stay time of open treatment group were (9.14±0.03) d, the postoperative hospital stay time of laparoscopic treatment group were (9.74±0.49) d, there were not differences in complications between the two groups( P<0.05). The hospitalization expenses in open treatment group were (1.51±0.36) ten thousand yuan, the hospitalization expenses in laparoscopic treatment group were(2.13±1.06) ten thousand yuan, there were differencesin complications between the two groups( P<0.05). Conclusion:Application of open treatment is feasible and effeetive for small and middle abdominal wall incision hernia.

The neuropathic damage of Parkinson disease(PD)is irreversible.In recent years,advances in PD re-search frontiers have found that decades before the typical motor symptoms of PD,some pathological changes already hap-pen.This interval prior to diagnosis,or the prodromal phase of PD,is an excellent window for neuroprotective therapy re-search,and this type of research may create a breakthrough in developing effective treatment for PD,reducing the inci-dence of PD,and delaying the progression of PD.This review on prodromal PD-related literature summarizes current clini-cal research design methods,and discusses the decision-making around clinical trial design with regard to study popula-tion,sample size,outcome indicators,safety,and subject diaries,aiming to provide a reference for the design of clinical trials of prodromal PD.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFF) following hip arthroplasty utilizing locking compression plates (LCP) in regard to tips and tricks on the construction of LCP augmented with locking attachment plate (LAP) and titanium cables (TC).Methods A total of 41 cases of PFF follow hip arthroplasty (THA 3,Hemi-arthroplasty 2) between May 2008 to April 2016 have been retrospectively analyzed.There were 13 males and 28 females with an average age of 70.5±8.6 years,including 11 case of Unified Classification System (UCS) type Ⅳ.3B1.1,21 cases of B2.1 and 9 cases of type C.All were closed fractures caused by simple fall in terms of low-energy injury.Surgical options depended on individual configuration of the fractures with the combination of LCP and LAP or TC.In respect of reduction techniques,minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) was used in 5 cases for type B1.1 and 8 cases for type C,Mini-open in 6 cases for type B1.1 and 1 case for type C.Posterolateral approach with open reduction internal fixation were selected for type B2.1.The patients were followed up periodically.Harris score,Mukundan criteria and complications were recorded.Results Five cases died of the comorbidities (heart failure 3,pulmonary infection 1,multiple organs failure 1) within 1 year postoperatively.The follow-up rate was 78.0％ (32 out of 41 cases) and the average follow-up time was 41 months (ranging 11 to 71 months).No malunion,no reduction lost,no hardware failure,no hip dislocation and revision surgery following PFF care found.All cases showed the signs of fracture healing from 8 to 12 (average 10 weeks) postoperatively except 2 cases of delay union.The postoperative complications shown in 11 cases,including 2 cases of superficial infection of the wound,6 cases of deep vein thrombosis (popliteal vein 2,intramural gastrocnemius vein 4) and 3 cases of the prosthetic loosening.Harris score at the latest follow-up were 91.5±2.1 for group B1.1,77.5±4.2 for group B2.1 and 83.5±3.8 for group C.The LCP lengths were 248.9±24.3 mm,258.6±25.2 mm,280.4±24.0 mm for group B1.1,B2.1 and C respectively.The LCP length of group B1.1 was short than that of group C (P＜0.05).The screw numbers for the proximal fragments were 6.1±1.8,6.5±0.7 and 3.8±0.7 for group B1.1,B2.1 and C respectively.The number of screws used in B1.1 and B2.1 were more than that in C (P＜0.05).The screw numbers for the distal fragments were 3.5±0.5,3.9±0.5 and 5.1±0.8 for group B1.1,B2.1 and C respectively,indicating less screws used in B1.1 and B2.1 than that in C (P＜0.05).The cable numbers were 1.9±1.3,2.5±0.9 and 3.7±0.7 respectively for group B1.1,B2.1 and C (P＜0.05).The LAP used in 2,12 and 6 cases for type B 1.1,B2.1 and C respectively without significant difference statistically (P＞0.05).Conclusion Utilizing LCP for PFF following hip arthroplasty can achieve satisfactory short and mid-term clinical outcomes with the prerequisites of precise and individualized preoperative planning.LCP augmented by LAP and TC is a reliable option with low complication rate.However,type C PFF needs longer plate with more screws at distal fragment and more titanium cables.

Objective: To understand the status quo of social support for and social adaptation of HIV/AIDS patients in Henan province, analyze the relationship between social support and social adaptation, and provide reference for improving the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to select HIV/AIDS patients in high HIV prevalence areas (Shangcai, Shenqiu), middle epidemic areas (Queshan, Yongcheng), low prevalence areas (Jiyuan, Sanmenxia) in Henan province. A social support scale was used to investigate the three dimensions of objective support, subjective support and support utilization. A social adaptation scale was used to investigate the three dimensions of patient cognitive willingness, social interaction and role adaptation. Finally, the characteristics of the social support, social adaptation and their relationships were analyzed. Results: The overall score of 506 HIV/AIDS patients’ social support was 36.30±9.34, the score of objective support was 7.48±3.01, the score of subjective support was 22.35±5.79, and the score of support utilization was 6.28±2.38, the overall score and the scores of three dimensions of social support of HIV/AIDS patients were lower than the national levels, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The overall score of patients’ social adaptation was39.10±7.10, the score of cognitive willingness was 9.96±3.23, the score of social interaction was 18.57±3.25, and the score of role adaptation was 10.57±2.52. The average score of social adaptation of patients was less than 2/3 of the overall score, and the average cognitive willingness score was less than 1/2 of the overall score. The differences in social support score and social adaptation score among patients with different gender, age, marital status, occupation, transmission route, number of symptoms were statistically significant (P<0.05). For the HIV/AIDS patients, there was a correlation between the social support and the social adaptation (r=0.14, P<0.05). Conclusion HIV/AIDS patients had a low level of social support and social adaptation, and social support might be a contributing factor to the social adaptation of HIV/AIDS patients.

Objective To understand the genetic characteristics of wild measles virus in Hubei province during 2008-2012.Methods To collect throat swab specimens from measles outbreak or sporadic cases in Hubei province during 2008-2012,and perform viral isolation using Vero/SLAM cell,then genotype identification and phylogenetic analysis were performed.Results 26 measles virus strains were isolated from clinical specimens collected in the 9 cities in Hubei province from 2008-2012,they all belong to H1a subgenotype within the wild type measles viruses of H1 genotype,no imported genotypes were found.The nucleotide and amino acid identities among 26 measles virus strains of H1 a subgenotype were for 97.1％-100％ and 95.3％-100％,respectively.And compared with the Chinese vaccine strain (Shanghai191 strain),the nucleotide and amino acid identity were 91.8％-92.5％ and 87.4％-90.0％,respectively.Genetic phylogenetic analysis showed that all 26 measles virus strains belong to two different evolutionary branches,represent two transmission chains,and close to the measles virus isolated in other provinces in genetic phylogeny and endemic time.Conclusion H la subgenotype of measles virus continues to spread in Hubei province from 2008-2012,the measles viruses in Hubei province co-evolved with the viruses in other provinces in China.This study provides an important scientific basis for measles elimination in Hubei province.