0.05),only RE increased significantly in 2 minutes after injection(P

Objective To study the effects of pioglitazone on visceral fat tissue metabolic activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance by using 18 fluoro deoxy glucose (FDG)‐positron emission tomography (PET)andcomputed tomography (CT)imaging. Methods FDG‐PET and CT imaging were performed in 62 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT ). Lipid and glycemic profiles and inflammatory markers were detected in all patients. These patients randomly received treatments with either pioglitazone or glimepiride for 16 weeks.Results After 16 weeks ,pioglitazone‐treated group versus glimepiride‐treated group showed a significantly decreased visceral fat area[(109.1 ± 45.0) vs(122.5 ± 52.0 )cm2 ] and a significantly decreased visceral fat metabolic activity[(0.47 ± 0.11)vs(0.55 ± 0.11)](P<0.05). Conclusion Our study indicates that pioglitazone decreases the visceral fat volume and its metabolic activity in patients with T 2DM or IGT.

Objective To transmit ECG signals through a portable dual-mcu ECG holter based dual-port RAM.Methods Dual-port RAM had two independent address,data and control buses,which allowed the two processors accessed it's resource independently at different time.The master processor buffered the acquired data on its RAM until the data accumulated to 200 Bytes.Then the 200 Bytes would be transferred into the dual-port RAM at one time.The slave processor was informed to fetch the data when it reached the flash's one whole page.Results Problems in such aspects were conquered as the port contention of dual-port RAM,limiting sampling frequency,data sharing between the master and slave processors as well as acquiring signals by the cache.Conclusion The portable dual-mcu ECG holter based dual-port RAM can be applied to transmission of ECG signals.

Chronic overuse disease of the shoulder is very common in clinical practice.Its pathogenesis is complicated and its treatment is often a combination of medication,rehabilitation and surgery.In recent years,its diagnosis tends to be more definite,leading to more specific treatment.Extracorporeal shock wave therapy has been successfully used in the treatment of such orthopaedic diseases as plantar fasciitis and lateral epicondylitis,and has been tried by some scholars in the treatment of chronic overuse disease of the shoulder.Its therapeutic effect has also been demonstrated to some extent on calcific tendonitis,non-calcific tendonitis and adhesive capsulitis.This review outlines the progress in research of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the treatment of chronic overuse disease of the shoulder.

Leptin,a peptide encoded by the obese gene,is primarily secreted by adipocytes,which is a critical hormone controlling food intake, body weight, energy expenditure and neuroendocrine function. Leptin can alter the reactivity of the gastrointestinal neuromuscular, thereby to regulate the gastric emptying and bow-el movement. Leptin seems to be a new gut hormone that has a close relationship with the function and dis-ease of gastrointestinal tract. This article reviews the relationship of leptin and gastrointestinal motility.

Objective To summarize the experience of surgical treatment for thyroid nodules.Methods The clinical data of 352 patients with thyroid nodules who had received surgical treatment were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results The post-operation pathological diagnosis showed these cases were composed of 182 thyroid adenomas,75 nodular goiters,38 adenomatous goiters,16 Hashimoto's diseases,40 papillary carcinomas and 1 follicular carcinoma.Surgical complications included 4 recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries,1 superior laryngeal nerve injury,1 chyle leak,2 neck hematomas,1 pneumoderma,2 wound infections,1 transient hypocalcemia and 1 death from tracheal collapse.9 cases of recurrence were observed.Conclusion Pre-operation evaluation of patients with thyroid nodules should be well performed in order to identify surgical indications.Appropriate surgical procedures and experienced surgical hands may help to reduce operation complications and recurrence rate.

Objective To detect the level of visfatin in the peripheral blood ofpafients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (coronary heart disease),and investigate the conelation between the level of visfatin and the lesion degree of coronary heart disease.Methods Two hundred and twenty patients who were diagnosed as coronary heart disease by coronary artery angiography from January to June 2011 (coronary heart disease group) were enrolled in this study,including 74 cases with stable angina pectoris(stable angina pectoris group),60 cases with unstable angina pectoris (unstable angina pectoris group),and 86 cases with acute myocardial infarction (myocardial infarction group).And 20 healthy persons with normal coronary artery angiography were selected as control group.The biochemical parameters of triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected by biochemistry autoanalyzer.The level of serum visfatin was detected by ELISA analysis.The serum biochemical parameters and serum visfatin among all the groups were compared and the correlation between them was analyzed.ResuIts The level of serum visfatin of coronary heart disease group [(34.07 ±5.51) μg/L] was significantly higher than that of control group [(13.22 ±3.17) μg/L](P＜0.05).TC and LDL-C of different coronary heart disease groups had no significant differences compared with that of control group (P ＞ 0.05).TG,H DL-C and serum visfatin of stable angina pectoris group,unstable angina pectoris group and myocardial infarction group [(1.44 ±0.27) mmol/L,(1.16 ±0.12) mmol/L,(21.36 ± 3.35) μg/L; ( 1.84 ±0.32) mmol/L,(1.01 ± 0.08) mmol/L,(27.78 ±4.47) μg/L; (2.31 ±0.34)mmol/L,(0.93 ± 0.06) mmol/L,(33.14 ± 5.66) μ g/L] had statistical significance compared with those of control group [(0.93 ±0.25) mmol/L,(1.48 ± 0.24) mmol/L,(13.22 ±3.17) μg/L](P＜0.05 or ＜0.01).TG,C,ensini score and serum visfatin of unstable angina pectoris group were significantly higher than those of stable angina pectoris group and HDL-C was obviously lower than that of stable angina pectoris group (P ＜0.05).Gensini score and serum visfatin of myocardial infarction group were significantly higher than those of unstable angina pectoris group and HDL-C was obviously lower than that of unstable angina pectoris group (P ＜ 0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the level of serum visfatin of coronary heart disease group was positively correlated with TG and Gensini score (P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01 ) and negatively correlatedwith HDL-C (P ＜ 0.01 ),and had no correlation with TC and LDL-C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The highlevel expression of visfatin in the peripheral blood may be a risk factor of coronary heart disease.The changes of serum visfatin can reflect the lesion severity degree of coronary artery.

Objective To assess the accuracies and feasibility of spine surgery assisted by different types of navigation system.Methods In experiment study,40 human cadaveric cervical spines were employed and 3.5 mm screws were placed into the C 3 to C 7 pedicles following five kinds of insertion techniques:blind screw placement(Group 1),assisted by X-ray fluoroscopy(Group 2),assisted by virtual fluoroscopy navigation system(Group 3),assisted by CT-based navigation system(Group 4),assisted by Iso-C 3D navigation system(Group 5).Thereafter,cortical integrity of every sample was examined by anatomic dissection.In clinical study,163 cases of spine operations assisted by different types of navigation were reviewed.The accuracies of screw placement were evaluated by postoperative CT or Iso-C 3D scan.Results In experiment study,there were 398 pedicles inserted.Group 1,the average operation time per sample was 27 minutes;36.3% of the screws were excellent,26.3% good,and 37.5% bad.Group 2,the average operation time was 112 minutes;44.9% excellent,37.2% good,and 17.9% bad.Group 3,the average operation time was 69 minutes;42.5% excellent,45.0% good,and 12.5% bad.Group 4,the average operation time was 98 minutes;87.5% excellent,12.5% good.Group 5,the average operation time was 91 minutes;90% excellent,10% good.In clinical study,272 screws inserted with virtual fluoroscopy navigation system,89.3% excellent,10.7% good.571 screws inserted with CT-based navigation system,84.9% excellent,14.4% good,0.7% bad.142 screws inserted with Iso-C 3D navigation system,95.8% excellent,4.2% good.Conclusion Computer-assisted navigation system enhances accuracies and further improves the safety of spine surgery,especially utilizing CT-based navigation system and Iso-C 3D navigation system.Iso-C 3D navigation method is better than the other two navigation methods.

DNA Mutational Analysis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mutation ; Neonatal Screening