Objective To evaluate the effect of tranilast on chronic cyclosporin A(CsA)nephrotoxicity rats and the possible mechanisms of protective effect of it.Methods Rats were on low salt diet and CsA was administered by gastric gavage at a dose of 20 mg/(kg?d)for 28 days,and tranilast was gave to these rats in a dose of 400 mg/(kg?d).The renal function and renal morphology were observed at1,2 and 4 weeks after administration of tranilast.Results CsA induced the corruption of normal condition and weight lost were markedly delayed after administration of tranilast.On histopathology tranilast attenuated tubular cells vacuolations as well as interstitial damage including interstitial ED1+ macrophages infiltration and focal interstitial fibrosis.Meanwhile,tranilast down-regulated the protein of OPN in kidney.Conclusion Tranilast can attenuate the structural changes of kidney in chronic CsA nephrotoxicity rats.Decreased CsA-related ED1+ macrophages,OPN up-regulation expression in the kidney may be related to mechanisms of protective effect of tranilast in the treatment of CsA induced chronic nephrotoxicity.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of short segmental pedicle instrumentation via the paraspinal approach for the management of neurologically intact patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture and posterior ligamentous complex injury.Methods From October 2008 to June 2010,70 such patients were treated in our department.They were 44 males and 26 females,with an average age of 33.4 years (range,from 19 to 55 years).They were divided into 2 groups according to 2 different operative methods.In group A,35 patients were treated via the paraspinal approach while 35 patients in group B were treated via the traditional open approach.The 2 approaches were compared in terms of operation time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative ambulant time,hospital stay,changes in local kyphosis angle (LKA) and vertebral body height (VBH) at preoperation,postoperation and the last follow-up,postoperative complications and accuracy of screw insertion.Results The time for follow-up ranged from 24 to 36 months (mean,29.3 months).The operation time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative ambulant time and hospital stay in group B were significantly more than in group A(P ＜ 0.05).No implant failure occurred in either group.There was no significant difference in pedicle screw cut-out between the 2 groups [7 (5.0％) versus 6 (4.3％)] (P ＞0.05).The LKA and VBH increased significantly at postoperation and the last follow-up compared with the preoperation in both groups (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the postoperation and the last follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding LKA and VBH at preoperation,postoperation and the last follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The paraspinal approach may result in a good and safe clinical outcome in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures with posterior ligamentous complex injury,because it can maintain the fracture reduction effectively and minimize the iatrogenic injury to soft tissues.

This article was aimed to study the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis by β-el-emene extract from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Rhizoma Zedoariae on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells, as well as the effect on expression of apoptosis-related proteins in liver cancer-burdened H22 mice. Human HepG2 cells were cultured in vitro. MTT method was used in the determination of β-elemene on cell prolif-eration. Apoptosis of cells were detected by the Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining method. Through the establish-ment of liver cancer-burdened H22 mice model, the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis-related protein expression by β-elemene on tumor-burdened mice were observed. The results showed that β-elemene inhib-ited HepG2 cell proliferation, which was dose- and time-dependent. Annexin V-FITC/PI method detected early apoptotic cells. Inhibitions of tumor growth on tumor-burdened mice from different groups were different. Inhibition of tumor growth in the high-dose β-elemene group was relatively low, and that of the middle-dose was more obvi-ous. It was concluded that β-elemene can effectively inhibit human HepG2 cells proliferation. The inhibition on pro-liferation of cancer cells was through the inducing of cell apoptosis. It was also related to the upregulation of apopto-sis-related protein Caspase-3 and downregulation of NF-κB P65.

Aim To investigate the effect of neferine on proliferation and invasion of human hepatocellular car-cinoma. Methods HepG2 and Bel-7402 cells were cultured in vitro with different concentrations of nefer-ine, then cell proliferation was observed by CCK-8 as-say; cell invasion was observed by transwell invasion assay; the protein expression of RhoA, RhoC and ROCK was detected by Western blot. Results CCK-8 results showed that neferine could significantly inhibit cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control group. Transwell invasion assay showed that cell invasion was significantly decreased with neferine 3 μmol · L-1 . Western blot results showed that RhoA, RhoC and ROCK protein expres-sion was decreased when neferine was co-incubated with hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Conclusion Nef-erine can inhibit proliferation and invasion of HepG2 and Bel-7402 cells, which is mediated mainly by the inhibition of RhoA, RhoC and ROCK protein expres-sion.

left ventricle=cerebral cortex =urinary bladder smooth muscle. CONCLUSION mRNA expression levels of Kir2 1 and Kir3 1 in different tissues were different, this different expressions have physiological significance.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of the results of coronary artery CT angiography and coronary artery angiography in 36 patients with probable positive results of treadmill exercise test(TET).Methods Thirty-six patients due to chest pain received 1ET and coronary artery CT angiography and coronary artery angiography in 2 weeks after admission.The coronary plaques were categorized as noncalcified and calcified plaque on CTA images.Results In 36 patients with probable positive results of TET.23 patients were confirmed as coronary artery disease by coronary artery angiography,and the other 13patients had normal coronary artery.Of 23 coronary artery disease patients,9 patients were presented as onevessel disease,5 patients were presented as two-vessel disease,and 9 patients were presented as three-vessel disease,29 non-calcified plaques and 23 calcified plaques were demeted On CTA.Conclusion TET was useful in confirming the diagnosis of coronary artery disease.The characteristics of the coronary artery plaque is correlated with probable positive results of TET.

Objective To observe therapeutic effects of HuGanJieXian decoction on rats hepatic fibrosis induced by tetrachloride. Methods Rat models of hepatic fibrosis were constructed by intraperitoneal injection of tetrachloride.HuGanJieXian decoction composed of low, middle, and high dose curcumin were given to these rats respectively at the same time. Sho-saiko-to compound treatment group and Fufangbiejiarangan Tablets treatment group were made as positive control groups. After twelve weeks, all rats were executed. Serum samples were kept for measuring serum levels of PC-Ⅲ, LN, and HA. Left livers were extirpated for pathologic examination including H.E and Masson stainings. Grade of hepatic fibrosis were evaluated according to SSS system. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of supematant centrifugated from hepatic tissue homogenate were detected. Results Serum levels of PC-Ⅲ, LN, and HA were depressed obviously in decoction groups compared with those of fibrotic group (P<0.05) , especially in the low-dose curcumin group.HuGanJieXian Decoction could increase the level of SOD and decrease the level of MDA (P<0.05) , especially in the low-dose curcumin group. Staining of H. E and Masson showed that degrees of hepatic fibrosis in decoction groups were improved obviously compared with that of the fibrotic group. Conclusion HuGanJieXian Decoction can improve rat hepatic fibrosis, the mechanism of this effect may be associated with protecting hepatic cell membrane and anti- peroxidative damage.

IFIT family genes are a kind of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), and play important roles in antiviral sector and immunity regulation. To study the regulatory effect of IFIT family genes during influenza A virus (IAV) infection, we used RNA-sequencing analysis (RNA-Seq) technique and found that when 293T cells were infected by A/WSN/33 (WSN), the concentration of IFIT family genes were increased. Further study reveals that overexpression of IFIT2 or IFIT3 could inhibit IAV replication and transcription, and cause the dose-dependent inhibition of polymerase activity of vRNP. In addition, IFIT2 and IFIT3 encoding protein could colocalize with NS1 in 293T cells infected by WSN, indicating that they might interact with each other. The results suggest that IFIT family genes can inhibit the replication and transcription of IAV, which contributes to our understanding of the regulatory effect of host factors during influenza virus infection.
HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; genetics ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Proteins ; genetics ; Virus Replication

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of target-controlled infusion (TCI) of sufentanil from termination of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) until the end of surgery in the patients undergoing cardiac surgery.Methods Twenty adult patients,aged 25-64 yr,of ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft under CPB,were enrolled in the study.Immediately after termination of CPB,sufentanil was given by TCI using Gepts pharmacokinetic parameters.The initial target effect-site concentration (Ce) of sufentanil was 0.4 ng/ml.The Ce increased by 0.2 ng/ml every 10 min until it finally decreased to 0.8 ng/ml,and then the Ce decreased by 0.2 ng/ml every 10 min until it finally decreased to 0.4 ng/ml which was maintained until the end of surgery.At 10 min of infusion at each preset target Ce 0.4,0.6,0.8 and 0.6 ng/ml (T1-4) and 1,3,5,10,20,40 and 60 min of infusion at the last concentration of 0.4 ng/ml (T5-11),arterial blood samples were collected for measurement of sufentanil concentrations by using ELISA.For each sample,the bias,accuracy and wobble were calculated.Results Compared with the predicted plasma concentrations of sufentanil,the measured plasma concentrations of sufentanil were significantly decreased at T1-11.The bias,accuracy and wobble were-37.63 ％,37.63％ and 5.09％,respectively.Conclusion The accuracy of sufentanil TCI using Gepts pharmacokinetic parameters is not high from termination of CPB until the end of surgery in the patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Objective The incidence rate of pressure ulcer is high in critical patients and off-loading mattresses and reposi-tioning are known as effective interventions for the prevention of pressure ulcers .However, evidence is lacking for selection of the right type of mattresses and suitable interval of repositioning .This study was to compare the effects of two types of off-loading mattresses with two different repositioning intervals in preventing pressure ulcers in critical patients . Methods According to the design of this ran-domized controlled trial , we made a training plan concerning the participants , methods of intervention and comparison , criteria and methods of observation , and methods of recording , and trained 26 nurses from 7 hospitals .Using non-inferiority design and the method of stratified blocked randomization , we divided 1194 patients with the risk of pressure ulcer into a trial group ( n=596) and a control group ( n=598) , a viscoelastic sponge mattress with every-four-hours repositioning used for the former and an automatic aeration mat-tress with every-two-hours repositioning for the latter , both for 7 successive days .We examined the patients every day , recorded the in-cidence and stages of pressure ulcer , and compared the data obtained between the two groups of patients . Results The total inci-dence rate of pressure ulcer was 1.09%(13/1194), significantly lower in the trial than in the control group (0.34%[2/596] vs 1.84%[11/598], P=0.012). Conclusion A viscoelastic sponge mattress with every-four-hours repositioning is superior to an automatic aeration mattress with every-two-hours repositioning and therefore is preferred to the latter in preventing the incidence of pressure ulcer in critical patients in the ICU .