Etrotic Company produced thermoplastic diaphragm (ERKOLODC-pro, 595115) can be shaped according to dental arch form under vacuum heating pressure, resulting in good fixation and baffle effect. Nine cases with soft and hard palate defect caused by tumor, who needed the repair of temporal obturator prosthesis made by thermoplastic diaphragm (1.5 mm of thickness), were selected in this study at the Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Chinese PLA from September 2006 to January 2007. Different diaphragms were used according to periodontal status. Only one case with more soft palate defect felt naupathia when wore this kind of denture near throat. After 1 week, the uncomfortable feeling disappeared. Three patients felt pain, and the main reason is tissue dropsy around wound entry and denture crackdown. After grinding, pain disappeared. This indicated that no adverse reaction in biocompatibility was detected between thermoplastic diaphragm and host. Temporal prosthesis can improve swallowing and voiced function of soft and hard palate defect patients by closing nasal cavity.

Objective The purification methods of the exosomes derived form T cells were established in order to get high quan-tity exosomes .Methods Exosomes from T cells culture supernatants were purified by ExoQuick Precipitation ,ultrafiltration and sucrose gradient centrifugation ,differential ultracentrifugation ,and confirmed via using transmission electron microscopy .The pro-tein expression of the exosomes were analyzed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis .Western blotting was used to test the expression of IL-2 .Results The protein concentration of the exosomes purified through ExoQuick Precipitation ,ultrafiltration and sucrose gradi-ent centrifugation were higher than through differential ultracentrifugation (P<0 .05) .SDS-PAGE displayed the difference among the exosome purified by three methods .Three kinds of exosomes all expressed IL-2 .Conclusion ExoQuick Precipitation ,ultrafiltra-tion and sucrose gradient centrifugation technique can obtain high purity and complete exosome sample .

The clinical internship is an important transitional period for humanistic spirit cultivation of the medical students.But in this period there are some problems exposed.For example,there is the lack of transitional link in management; the clinical instruction doctors lack educational consciousness or guidance ability,the medical students pay little attention to enhancing the individual humanistic spirit level and there is a gap between theory and practice of humanistic spirit for them.Strengthening training for students,attaching importance to training,selection and incentive of clinical instruction doctors and revising handbook of clinical internship will help to solve the problems.

BACKGROUND: The blood oxygen saturation is an important physiological parameter of human hfe; it can be affected by multiple factors due to the imbalance of oxygen supply and consumption, and consequently, the normal physical metabolism is affected. The existing manufacturing techniques are complex and are used with higher demands. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy of the novel reflecting oximeter designed on the basis of reflecting principle in monitoring the variance of blood oxygen saturation with the change of its concentration. DESIGN: To introduce the structure, working principle and design of the reflecting oximeter and make comparative study with adult rabbits as the subjects. SETTING: Cardiopolmonary Bypass Department of Cardiovascular disease hospital of the Chinese Academy of MedicalSciences. MATERIALS: The study was performed at the Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiopulmonary Bypass of the Cardiovascular Disease Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from August to October in 2001.Ten adult rabbits were selected. METHODS: The oximeter consists of a converter, a driver, a central processing mould and liquid-crystal monitor. It is characterized by the onethree optical cable connected with reflecting probe, postcentral management system and digital displayer. This oxmeter was developed basing on the basis of fixed relationship between blood oxygen saturation and radiant absorbency (or reflecting). In this study,cardiovascular-pulmonary bypass was established on rabbits that were then exposed to oxygen and NO mixture supply of different concentrations,and then the corresponding blood oxygen saturations were determined with the new oximeter and compared with series-wound Baite saturation meter and blood-gas analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The blood oxygen saturation at different concentrations determined with the reflecting oximeter and Baite saturation meter. RESULTS: At the same oxygen concentration, the blood oxygen saturation determined with the new measure was not significantly different from that determined with Baite blood oxygen saturation meter(P＞0.05 ). CONCLUSION: The variance of blood oxygen saturation with the change of oxygen concentration can be detected by the reflecting oximeter with the result similar to that by Baite blood oxygen saturation meter.

Objective To observe colorectal tumor's growth in hyperglycemia mice and its vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)'s expression, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)'s variation of blood through the experiment, then to ascertain whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) danger factors to promote colorectal cancer happen and progress or not. Methods The mouse model of colorectal cancer combined T2DM was established. The volume of tumor was observed. After 5 weeks, all mice were executed and IGF-1 in the blood and the expression of VEGF in the tumor tissue was examined. Results The average tumor volume of colorectal tumor-diabetes group [(1628.5±882) mm3] were larger than that of colorectal tumor group [(1950.2±726) mm3] (P <0.05), and its expression IGF-1 of blood [(105.33±32.32) ng/ml] were higher than that of the control group [(69.83±25.57) ng/ml] and colorectal tumor group [(70.17±25.27) ng/ml] (P <0.05). The expression of VEGF [(70.0±11.5)%] in colorectal tumor-diabetes group were significantly higher than that of colorectal tumor group [(42.9±7.5)%] (P <0.05), too. Conclusion The model of T2DM and transplanted colorectal tumor can be duplicated successfully in ICR mice. Diabetes mellitus may be one reason of promoting colorectal cancer progress. Besides high blood glucose, its mechanism is the high level of IGF-1 which can inhibit apoptosis, promote cell differentiation and hyperplasia, and through inducing VEGF duplicating, heighten its expression, promote the tumor vessel growth, lead to tumor happen and metastasis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of relay flaps pedicled by perforator from digital artery for reconstruction of soft tissue defects at finger tip.

METHODSFrom Mar. 2012 to Jun. 2014, 9 cases with soft tissue defects at finger tip were reconstructed with relay flaps at one side of finger pedicled by perforator from digital artery. The flap size ranged from 1.3 cm x 1.6 cm to 1.6 cm x 2.2 cm. The defects at donor sites were covered by adjacent web perforator V-Y advanced flaps.

RESULTSAll the 18 flaps in 9 cases survived completely with primary healing both in recipient and donor sites. The patients were followed up for 5 months to 2 years ( average, 12 months) with good elasticity and cosmetic results. No pain happened in the treated finger. The 2-point discrimination distance was 7-8 mm in fingertip flaps, and 10-12 mm in web perforator flaps. Hand function was graded as excellent in 7 cases, good in 2 cases, based on ATM assessment. The affected fingers had normal temperature and cold-resistance during winter. The width and depth of web in the donor site were not affected.

CONCLUSIONSThe relay flaps pedicled by perforator from digital artery can be applied for reconstruction of soft tissue defects at finger tip. The procedure is easy with satisfactory results and reservation of main artery. No skin graft is necessary for closure of defects on donor sites.

Arteries ; Elasticity ; Finger Injuries ; surgery ; Fingers ; blood supply ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Time Factors ; Transplant Donor Site ; Wound Healing

Objective To observe the primary clinical effect of concurrent radiochemotherapy for patients with nasal cavity natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma and to analyze the prognostic factors.Methods 31 primary untreated patients with stage Ⅱ nasal cavity NK/T cell lymphoma were enrolled for this study.All patients underwent concurrent radiochemotherapy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy technique + asparaginase based chemotherapeutic agents and adjuvant chemotherapy.Results The main toxicities were mouth mucocitis,myelosuppression and xerosmia at grade 1 or 2.31 patients achieved good clinical shortterm effect with high local complete remission rate at the 3rd month after radiotherapy [83.9 ％ (26/31)],and the 2-year overall survival rate was 77 ％.Univariate and multivariate analysis suggested IPI score and clinical short-term effect were the significant independent survival prognostic factors (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Concurrent radiochemotherapy for stage Ⅱ nasal cavity NK/T cell lymphoma can be well tolerated by patients with mild toxicities,and can improve both clinical short-term effect and overall survival by high local complete remission rate.IPI score and clinical short-term effect are the important survival prognostic factors.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Astragalus injection on serum SOD and MDA in patients during supratentorial tumor resection. Methods Twenty-four patients with ASAⅠorⅡ degree, aged 20~55 years old, undergoing supratentorial tumor resection were randomized into the control group (group C) and the Astragalus group (group R), with 12 cases in each group. Patients in group R received 250 mL 0.9% sodium chloride in addition with 20 mL Astragalus injection. Patients in group C received the same amount of 0.9%sodium chloride. Blood samples were taken from jugular venous bulb before induction of anesthesia (T1), intubation (T2), open dura instantly (T3), 1 h after the dura opened (T4), 24 h after the dura opened (T5), and 48 h after the dura opened (T6). The levels of serum SOD and MDA were determined. Results The serum SOD in both group R and group C was lower at T3~6 than that at T1 , but the serum SOD in group R reduced significantly compared with group C (P < 0.05); The serum MDA in both group R and group C at T4~6 was higher than that at T1, but the serum MDA in group R increased significantly compared with group C (P <0.05). Conclusion Astragalus injection can enhance the serum SOD activity and reduce MDA output in patients during supratentorial tumor resection.

ObjectiveTo investigate the gene expression profiling of articular chondrocyte and the function and pathway of the differentially expressed genes in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) by using gene microarray technique.MethodsThree patients with OA,three patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and three traumatic controls without arthritis were selected and were divided into OA versus RA and OA versus the traumatic control groups,and their articular cartilage cells were cultivated.The gene expression profiling was performed by human genome oligonucleotide microarray technique.The differences of gene expression of the articular chondrocyte in OA versus RA group and OA versus the traumatic control group were compared respectively by two class unpaired test using significant analysis of microarray software.The function and pathway of these differentially expressed genes were analyzed by using the database of Molecule Annotation System.ResultsThe number of differentially expressed genes was 145 when OA compared with the traumatic control,in which 70 were up-regulated and 75 were down-regulated; and the number was 281 when OA were compared with RA,in which 94 were up-regnlated and 187 were down-regulated.The Gene Onto-logy (GO) functions of the differentially expressed genes of OA in each group were related to pathological and immune courses including cellular process,physiological process,cell division,biological regulation and cell signal transduction.The statistically significant pathways of these genes in each group included apoptosis pathway,cell cycle pathway,P53 signaling pathway,Fas signaling pathway,NO pathway,apeptotic cascade pathway,focal adhesion pathway, ECM-receptor interaction pathway, tight junction pathway, adhesive bonding pathway,actin cytoskeleton regulation pathway,bone remodeling pathway,chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis pathway,Jak-STAT signaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway,Toll recepor signaling pathway,cell adhesion molecules pathway,T cell receptor signaling pathway,and s o on (P＜0.05).They displayed not only marked dif-ferences in GO function and gene pathway of differentially expressed genes between OA versus RA group and OA versus the traumatic control group,but also displayed the significant overlapping of the differentially expressed genes and pathways between the two groups.ConclusionThe differentially expressed genes and pathways of articular chondrocytes involve apoptosis,extracellular matrix and cytokines in OA,which contri-bute to further study of early warning genes of OA.

Objective To investigate the quinolone resistance determinants in ciprofloxacin-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii (ABA)clinical isolates.Methods One hundred and fourteen ciprofloxacin-resistant ABA strains were collected from six Chinese hospitals .The quinolone resistance determining region ( QRDR) of 4 target genes ( gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE) was amplified , sequenced and compared with the reference genome of ATCC 17978 to identify possible resistance-related mutations.Nine plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA, aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr, oqxA and oqxB) were also amplified, and the amplicons were then sequenced to determine their character-istics.Results Almost all isolates (113/114, 99.1%) harbored a substitution in codon 83 of gyrA gene, leading to a Ser83Leu mutation.Meanwhile,58.8%(67/114) of the isolates possessed dual mutations of GyrA-Ser83Leu and GyrA-Ser80Leu, which were known determinants for ciprofloxacin resistance .There were also multiple non-synonymous substitu-tions in gyrB, leading to Arg393Ser, Arg393Cys, Thr401Ala, Pro406Ser, Val430Phe, Cys440Ser and Gly480Arg muta-tions with prevalence rates of 95.6%, 0.9%, 96.5%, 96.5%, 100%, 96.5%and 96.5%,respectively.For parE, all the seven mutations were synonymous and found in more than 96%of the tested isolates.For PMQR genes, although 83.3%(95/114) of the isolates were positive for aac(6′)-Ⅰb, nocrmutations were identified.None of the other eight PMDR genes were found in our strain collection .Conclusion Although multiple mutations are identified in gyrB and parE, these mutations might be the characteristic SNP markers for specific clones , unlikely linked to quinolone resistance .No PMQR is found in the tested isolates.Mutations in chromosomal QRDR (GyrA-Ser83Leu and ParC-Ser80Leu) are the main determi-nants of ciprofloxacin resistance in our ABA collection .