Objective To study the relation between kidney function impairment and respiratory tract infections(RTI) in the elderly.Methods Two hundred and twenty-four patients above 65 years old were divided into five groups according to stages of chronic renal disease and estimated glomerular filtration rate (e GFR):(A group,n =65):≥90 ml/(min · 1.73 m2),(B group,n =55):60-89 ml/(min · 1.73 m2),(C group,n =27):30-59 ml/(min · 1.73 m2),(D group,n =28):15-29 ml/(min · 1.73 m2) and(E group,n =49):＜ 15 ml/(min · 1.73 m2).Taking A group as the control baseline.Logistic regression was employed to analyze the relationship between kidney function and RTL Results Compare with A group(10.8％,7/65),the incidences of RTI in three groups(C group,D group and E group were 63.0％ (17/27),85.7％ (24/28) and 100％ (49/49) respectively.The incidence in these groups was higher than that in A group(x2 =26.95,49.46 and 89.00 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).We identified the risk factors with RTI were smoking (Waldx2 =17.66,P ＜ 0.01),respiratory underlying diseases(Waldx2 =14.38,P ＜0.01),invasive operation history(Waldx2 =4.50,P ＜ 0.05),diabetes (Waldx2 =3.86,P ＜ 0.05),stay in hospital for above 2 weeks (Waldx2 =18.18,P ＜ 0.01),Gender(Waldx2 =4.12,P ＜ 0.05),eGFR (Waldx2 =13.57,P ＜ 0.01).After adjusting for other risk factors of RTI,Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of RTI still increased with the decrease of eGFR (eGFR≥90 ml/(min · 1.73 m2):(Waldx2 =0.053,P ＞0.05);60-89 ml/(min · 1.73 m2):(Waldx2 =0.046,P＞0.05) ;30-59 ml/(minl · 1.73 m2):(Waldx2 =7.61,P＜0.05),15-29 ml/(min · 1.73 m2):(Waldx2 =4.38,P＜0.05); ＜15 ml/(min · 1.73 m2):(Waldx2 =13.57,P＜0.01)).Conclusion Kidney function impairment in patients above 65 years old is an independent risk factor for RTI.

Objective To compare the contents of main compounds and the composition of volatile oil from the new hybrid of Amomum villosum Lour. Spring No.1-F4 with those in its female parent Longfruit No.2. Methods Steam distillation, gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods were used for analyzing the content differences of main compounds and compositions of volatile oil between Spring No.1-F4 and Longfruit No.2. Results The contents of volatile oil and bornyl acetate from Spring No.1-F4 and Longfruit No.2 met the standard required by Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The content of volatile oil from Spring No.1-F4 was higher than that of Longfruit No.2, and there were some differences between the two in the composition of volatile oil and their relative contents. Conclusion The effective constituents in Spring No.1-F4, a new hybrid species of Amomum villosum, has reached the standard required by Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which is expected for solving the problems of difficulty in pollination and for improving the yield and quality of Amomum villosum.

Objective:To investigate the effect of holistic nursing intervention in perioperative nursing for patients underwent radical hysterectomy under laparoscopy. Methods: 80patients with cervical cancer were divided into observation group (40cases) and control group (40cases), and patients of control group received routine nursing modein perioperative period while patients of observation group received holistic nursing mode in the same stage. The complication of the two groups were compared and analyzed, and the satisfaction degree for nursing mode was investigated.Results: Under the intervention of holistic nursing, the number of complication of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group (x2=8.205,P<0.05). And the satisfaction degree for nursing of observation group was significantly higher than that control group(x2=5.000,P<0.05).Conclusion: The holistic nursing intervention in perioperative nursing for patients underwent radical hysterectomy under laparoscopy can significantly improve the life quality of patients, and reduce the occurrence of complication, and enhance the satisfaction degree of patients for nursing.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.004

Objective To compare the noxious stimulations induced by insertion of Proseai laryngeal mask airway(PLMA)and classic laryngeal mask airway(CLMA)in children.Methods Forty-seven ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ children,aged 3-12 yr and undergoing surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 2 groups:PLMA group(group P,n =23)and CLMA group(group C,n =24).General anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion(TCI)of propofol.When the effect-site concentration of propofol was equal to the plasma concentration predetermined.PLMA or CLMA insertion was attempted.The target plasma concentration of propofol was predetermined according to Dixon's up-down method,with 0.2 μg/ml as a step size.The initial target plasma concentration of propofol was 6 μg/ml and 4.4 μg/ml for groups P and C,respectively.The preedetermined target plasma concentration of propofol and the satisfaction of insertion conditions for each child were recorded.Results The 50％ effective concentration(EC50)of propofol to achieve satisfied condition of PLMA and CLMA insertion were 5.87(95％ CI,5.62-6.11)and 4.53(95％ C1,4.38-4.69)μg/nl,respectively,and the difference was significant(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The noxious stimulation induced by insertion of PLMA in children aged 3-12 years is stronger than that of CLMA.

Objective To investigate the teaching modes of the course of guide to learn in undergraduate nursing students in order to improve their quality of leaning.Methods Questionnaire survey and interview were conducted to collect the students'general appraisal on learning Science and teaching content and teaching modes as well as ingathering and suggestions of the course.Results Totally 79.5%among 117 students thought it necessary to open the course of Learning Science.96.6%students considered ten subjects of the course reasonable.83.8%students were satisfied with the alternate five-teachers'teaching modes.The most digestible teaching approach Was illustration,and the most valuable experience wag how to regulate the psyehology of learning.Conclusions The course of guide to learn in nursing undergraduate education has positive significance.Nursing educators should always explore and improve the teaching mode of this course so as to help students develop SOundly.

ObjectiveTo investigate the treatment effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) treated by non-invasive mechanical ventilation with BiPAP mode.Methods96 patients with diagnosed COPD and using non-invasive mechanical ven- tilation with BiPAP mode were randomly divided into the control group(46 cases) which was treated with routine measures and the comprehensive nursing intervention group (50 cases) which adopted comprehen- sive nursing intervention according to experimental design. The frightening degree, incidence rate of com- plications and clinical treatment effect by ventilator were compared between the two groups.ResultsPa- tients compliance with treatment and clinical treatment effect by ventilator in the comprehensive nursing in- tervention group was better than that of the control group. The frightening degree and incidence rate ofcomplications were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.01 ).ConclusionsComprehensive nurs-ing intervention with non-invasive mechanical ventilation with BiPAP mode can improve the treatmentcompliance of COPD patients,reduce complications followed by non-invasive mechanical ventilation andreach the prospective treatment effect.

Objective To study the application of the array comparative genomic hybridization (Array-CGH) for the detection of chromosomal disorders in newborns.Method The Array-CGH technique was used to analyze the whole genome of the patients who were suspected of chromosomal disease in neonatal ward of our hospital from January to December in 2014,and further verification in genomic unbalanced ectopia was carried out by FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH).Result Among 514 patients,104 were found carrying chromosomal abnormalities with a detection rate of 20.2％.The most common chromosomal disease is the Down syndrome syndrome (24 cases),followed by the chubby Willy and Angel syndrome(17 cases),while the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome in 5 cases,Williams syndrome in 5 cases and the Criduchat syndrone in 5 cases.The results of FISH were consistent with Array-CGH.Conclusion The technique of Array-CGH can be used to scan the whole genome of children with unknown disease.As a high-throughput and rapid research method,this technique has important clinical significance in the screening of chromosomal diseases.

Objective To investigate the effects of taurine on rats with CCl4-induced portal hypertension; To discuss its mechanism of action. Methods CCl4 compound method was used to prepare portal hypertension rat models. Experimental rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, positive medicine group and low-, medium- and high-dose taurine groups. Each medication group was given relevant medicine for gavage. After four-week treatment, biochemical analyzer was used to detect the contents of ALT, AST and TBIL;ELISA was used to detect the contents of CⅣ, PCⅢ, LN, HA and the level of HYP in serum;hemodynamic method was used to detect PVP, PVF, MAP and HR;nitrate reduction method was used to detect the contents of NO, chemical colorimetry was used to detect the activity of eNOS, hepatic tissue;the activity of SOD, GSH-Px and the content of MDA in hepatic tissue;HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the hepatic tissue. Results Compared with the model group, the contents of ALT, AST and TBIL in serum in medium-and high-dose taurine groups decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01);the contents of CⅣ, PCⅢ, HA and HYP in serum in medium-and high-dose taurine groups decreased significantly, and LN in high-dose taurine group decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01);the PVP, PVF in medium- and high-dose taurine groups and the HR in high-dose taurine group decreased significantly (P<0.01), and the MAP in high-dose taurine group inecreased significantly (P<0.05); the content of NO in hepatic tissue of medium-and high-dose taurine groups increased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01);the activity of eNOS and the content of cGMP in high-dose taurine group increased significantly (P<0.05); the activity of SOD, GSH-Px in hepatic tissue of medium- and high-dose taurine groups increased significantly and the content of MDA decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01);the hepatic tissue histopath-ological changes of low-, medium-and high-dose taurine groups were significantly improved, especially the high-dose taurine group. Conclusion Taurine has inhibitory effects on rats with portal hypertension, which perhaps are related to its effects on enzyme activity inhibition and hepatic tissue protection, inhibiting the damage of oxidative stress, upregulating eNOS expression, enhancing the content of NO and improving liver function.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and the levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia patients with atopic sensitization.Methods One hundred and sixty-two patients with MP pneumonia were hospitalized at the Department of Pediatrics,Tianjin Nankai Hospital from October 2015 to December 2016.All children with MP pneumonia were evaluated and divided into 2 groups:the atopic group (atopic MP pneumonia children,n =50) and the non-atopic group (non-atopic MP pneumonia children,n =112).Furthermore,30 healthy children were also included in this study as healthy control group at the Department of Pediatrics,Tianjin Nankai Hospital at the same time.The clinical characteristics and laboratory data of MP pneumonia patients of 2 groups were recorded and analyzed.The levels of serum IL-17 of MP pneumonia patients were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results Children with atopic MP pneumonia had more severe pneumonia.At the same time,the number of cases of oxygen therapy and glucocorticoid treatment,the duration of glucocorticoid treatment and the history of previous asthma in the atopic group were higher than those in the non-atopic group,and there was statistical difference between 2 groups(all P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum total immunoglobulin E in the atopic group [230.5 (120.8,421.5) IU/mL] was higher than that in the non-atopic group [79.9 (46.1,125.3) IU/mL],and the level of serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in the atopic group [(319.3 ± 118.9) IU/L] was higher than that in the non-atopic group [(255.5 ± 66.6) IU/L],and there were statistical differences between 2 groups (all P ＜0.01).The levels of serum IL-17 in the healthy control group,atopic group and non-atopic group were (60.2 ± 15.7) ng/L,(382.2 ± 181.7) ng/L and(532.3 ± 169.1) ng/L,respectively,and there were statistical differences among the 3 groups (F =105.668,P =0.000).Whereas,the level of serum IL-17 in the atopic group was lower than that in the non-atopic group,there was statistical difference between 2 groups (t =-3.861,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Atopy mav cause adverse effects on the childhood MP pneumonia.It was likely to be relevant to low levels of IL-17.