OBJECTIVE To evaluate risk factors of the death among lung cancer patients with nosocomial pneumonia.METHODS A total of 312 lung cancer patients with nosocomial pneumonia in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Eighty-seven patients died and remaining 225 patients were cured finally.Risk factors by multivariate analysis were more than 62 years old(OR 1.75,95%CI 1.06-2.98),metastatic disease(OR 9.24,95%CI 5.21-16.17),bacteria/fungi infection(OR 2.31,95%CI 1.15-4.67),and lower serum albumin concentration(OR 1.87,95%CI 1.08-3.13).CONCLUSIONS Older,metastatic diseases,double infections and lower serum albumin concentration are the risk factors correlated with the mortality among lung cancer patients with nosocomial pneumonia.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.004

Objective To investigate and analyze the attitudes of higher vocational nursing students toward death and the related effect factors.Methods Totally 324 nursing students in a higher vocational school in Shaanxi province were investigated with death attitude profile-revised scale.Contents of investigation included physical and mental health status,family members' attitude towards death,family form and ranking,religion,presence of suicidal thoughts,exposure to mass media reports about death,reading books about death,death fear,death escape,natural acceptance,approach acceptance,avoidance acceptance,etc.SPSS 16.0 was used for data entry and statistic analysis,mean and standard deviation for statistical description,t test and variance analysis for statistical inference.Results ①Higher vocational nursing students got the highest average score (3.93 ± 0.55) in the dimension of natural acceptance.②In the dimension of avoidance acceptance,the scores of nursing students with excellent and good physical and mental health were significantly lower than those of students with general physical and mental health (F=4.80,P=0.009) ; the scores of nursing students in single parent family were significantly higher than those of students in other family forms (F=4.59,P=0.004) ; the scores of nursing students with suicidal thoughts were significantly higher than those of students without (t=-4.77,P=0.000).In the dimension of death avoidance,the scores of nursing students whose family discussed death openly were significantly lower than those of students whose family never done so (F=6.88,P=0.001).In the dimension of natural acceptance,the scores of nursing students with religious beliefs were significantly lower than those of students without (t=2.52,P=0.012) ; the scores of nursing students who gained information of death from mass media were significantly higher than those of nursing students who never done so.(t=-3.85,P=0.000),which was the same in the dimension of approach acceptance (t=-3.48,P=0.001).Conclusions The majority of higher vocational nursing students can naturally accept death reality.Attitude of higher vocational nursing students toward death are influenced by physical and mental health,discussing death in family,family form,religious belief,suicidal thought and news or report about death from the mass media.

Objective To investigate the cognition of basic doctors on essential drugs in Luo County. Methods The random sampling was used to investigate the basic doctors in Luoping County, and 200 copies questionnaire were distributed. Results The questionnaire response rate was 98%. The survey results indicated that the cognition on essential drugs among basic doctors was poor, but most basic doctors have positive attitudes and behaviors in essential drugs. Conclusion It is necessary to improve the awareness of essential drugs among basic doctors in Luo County.

Objective To investigate the influence of intravenous infusion by double-lumen peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)on continuous dynamic central venous pressure(CVP)monitoring.Methods In the patient undergoing the double-lemon PICC,continuous dynamic CVP monitoring was performed by a lumen and the intravenous infusion was conducted by another lu-men.Whether the simultaneous venous infusion affecting the values of continuous dynamic CVP monitoring was observed.Results Intravenous infusion through double-lumen PICC had no influence on simultaneously continuous dynamic CVP monitoring (P>0.05),which could influence the values of CVP monitoring when simultaneously using the intravenous infusion pump(P<0.05). The speed of pumping fluid had no influence in a shout time(10 min),with significant difference(P>0.05).The CVP values could recovered to the status before infusion when continuously infusing after stopping using the infusion pump.Compared with before in-fusion,the CVP values after stopping intravenous infusion had no obvious change(P>0.05).Conclusion Intravenous infusion by double-lumen PICC has no influence on continuous dynamic CVP monitoring.But simultaneously adding infusion pump has certain influence on the CVP monitoring values.

Aim Toestablishanexcellentratasthmamodel from using OVA+pertussis sensitized, OVA sensitized and per-tussissensitizedrats.Methods Thethreemethodswereusedto sensitize rats;methacholine bronchial provocation tests were per-formed to determine airway hyperresponsiveness;bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) was prepared after the animals were chal-lenged by nebulized antigen. The differential white cell count in BALF was performed, and lung tissue was detected by morpho-logicalanalysis.Results AllofOVA+pertussissensitization,OVA sensitization and pertussis sensitization could deteriorate lung function, increase inflammatory cells and cause pathological change, and OVA + pertussis sensitized rat model had better effect than OVA sensitized and pertussis sensitized rat models. Conclusion OVA+pertussissensitizationandOVAaerosolisa successful rat asthma model.

Objective:To investigate the vasorelaxant effect of the isoflavones in red clover on rat mesenteric artery rings. Meth-ods:The rat mesenteric artery rings were placed between two L form metal needles. When stable precontractions induced by vasocon-strictor were got, the different concentrations of isoflavones in red clover and ( or) blocker were added to the baths. The isometric ten-sion of the rat mesenteric artery rings was recorded using a myograph system. Results:The isoflavones in red clover could concentra-tion-dependently relax the rat mesenteric artery rings pre-contracted by K+krebs solution (60 mmol·L-1K+), and compared with the control group (Dmso), the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). The isoflavones in red clover-induced relaxation was re-duced by the removal of endothelium, and compared with the complete endothelial group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 01). Pretreatment with Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methylesterhydrochloride (L-NAME,10 -4 mol·L-1) could suppress the relaxing re-sponse to the isoflavones in red clover, and compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). However, indomethacin(10 -5 mol·L-1) did not significantly affect the relaxation induced by the isoflavones in red clover (P >0. 05). Conclusion:The vasorelaxant effect of the isoflavones in red clover is through promoting nitric oxide release from vascular en-dothelium.

Objective:To investigate the vasorelaxant effect of the isoflavones in red clover on rat mesenteric artery rings. Meth-ods:The rat mesenteric artery rings were placed between two L form metal needles. When stable precontractions induced by vasocon-strictor were got, the different concentrations of isoflavones in red clover and ( or) blocker were added to the baths. The isometric ten-sion of the rat mesenteric artery rings was recorded using a myograph system. Results:The isoflavones in red clover could concentra-tion-dependently relax the rat mesenteric artery rings pre-contracted by K+krebs solution (60 mmol·L-1K+), and compared with the control group (Dmso), the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). The isoflavones in red clover-induced relaxation was re-duced by the removal of endothelium, and compared with the complete endothelial group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 01). Pretreatment with Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methylesterhydrochloride (L-NAME,10 -4 mol·L-1) could suppress the relaxing re-sponse to the isoflavones in red clover, and compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). However, indomethacin(10 -5 mol·L-1) did not significantly affect the relaxation induced by the isoflavones in red clover (P >0. 05). Conclusion:The vasorelaxant effect of the isoflavones in red clover is through promoting nitric oxide release from vascular en-dothelium.

Fibroblast activating protein (FAP) is an important biomarker of cancer associated fibroblasts and activated fibroblasts, which is highly expressed in activated fibroblasts of many tumor and fibrotic tissues, but not in normal tissues and non malignant lesions. Therefore, FAP has become an excellent target for diagnosis and treatment of tumors and other diseases. PET imaging and internal radiotherapy based on FAP inhibitor (FAPI) have been used in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, such as cancer and fibrosis. We first introduce the mechanism of disease occurrence and progression mediated by FAP and its clinical significance as a therapeutic target.Then,we systematically summarize the FAP probes labeled with 125I, 68Ga, 64Cu and other radionuclides, including their structural evolution, imaging, biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties.After that, the reported strategies to improve the pharmacokinetic properties and target affinity of probes are summarized, including the use of squaramide linkers,modification with albumin binding agent,the development of dual-targeting probes.Finally, some suggestions for the future development of novel radioactive probes targeting FAP and the clinical application of classical probes are proposed.

Objective:To understand the utilization of clinical services provided through hospital-at-home to the elderly in Xuzhou City, and analyze patient satisfaction.Methods:The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select community elderly people aged 60 and above in Xuzhou city to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey.Descriptive analysis was used to examine the utilization and evaluation of home-based clinical services for the elderly.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze associated factors for the satisfaction of the elderly in this care setting.Results:A total of 203 elderly people who had received this type of services were investigated.The overall satisfaction of the elderly in Xuzhou City with home-based clinical services was 79.3%(161/203), and the average satisfaction score of the comprehensive evaluation was(4.11±1.03)points.Age( β=-0.011), marital status( β=0.164), informed consent for service( β=0.162), doctors' bed-side services( β=0.146), service fee( β=0.346), and the home hospital bed assembling process( β=0.257)were the influencing factors for satisfaction with family hospital bed services, according to the patients involved in the comprehensive evaluation(all P<0.05). Conclusions:The utilization and evaluation with clinical services by elderly people in the hospital-at-home setting in downtown Xuzhou is relatively good, with relatively high satisfaction.Comprehensive measures should be taken in response to factors related to satisfaction to promote sustainable development of clinical services through hospital-at-home in China.