Objective To evaluate the influence of the duration of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA)on pain and gastrointestinal function after gynecological abdominal surgery.Methods Patients who received gynecological abdominal surgery were divided into 3 groups according to using time of PCIA for 24 hours,48 hours,72 hours.There were 30 cases in each group.Pain intensity,gastrointestinal peristalsis time,anal exhaust time,getting out-of-bed time,voluntary micturition time,nausea and vomiting were compared among three groups after stopping PCIA.Results There were no significant differences in VAS score among three groups at each time point.There were no significant differences in voluntary micturition time among three groups.The anal exhaust time,getting out-of-bed time in 24-hour group were earlier than those of the other two groups,the differences were significant; The nausea and vomiting in 24-hour group were lower than the other two groups,the difference was significant.Conclusions The application of PCIA can effectively relieve acute pain 24 hours after surgery,but the effect was not obvious on pain induced by activities after 24 hours.But the side effects induced by analgesia pump(anesthetic)still work,such as vomiting,long duration of discharge,activity inconvenience.So PCIA should be stopped at right time in order to reduce complications and facilitate for recovery of patients after the surgery.

BACKGROUND:As propofol has a neuroprotective effect, and umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel s have a high differentiation potential, their combination wil have a better therapeutic effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of propofol pretreatment combined with umbilical blood mesenchymal stem cel transplantation on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS:Sixty-three Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into model, propofol, and combined group (n=21 per group). Rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury were made using ligation of the middle cerebral artery occlusion in the three groups. Rats in the combined group were given 100 mg/kg propofol injection at 1 day before injury and injection of umbilical blood mesenchymal stem cel s via the tail vein (0.5 mL, 2×109/L). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the neurological function was improved significantly in the propofol and combined group, especial y in the latter one, presenting with a remarkable mitigation in brain injury and an increased level of survivn mRNA in the rat hippocampus. The content of serum malondialdehyde was lower but the activity of superoxide dismutase was higher in the combined group compared with the propofol group. These findings indicate that propofol pretreatment combined with umbilical blood mesenchymal stem cel transplantation has better therapeutic effects than propofol pretreamtnet alone for improving cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective To explore the relationship of serum level of Cystatin C and suPAR with tumor infiltration, metastasis, and treatment of patients with malignant tumor. Methods: The serum levels of Cystatin C was detected by particle enhanced nephelometic immunoassay (PENIA) by 7600-010 full-automatic biochemical analyzer made in Japan. The level of suPAR was detected by ELISA. The serum levels of Cystatin C and suPARof 82 normal adults and 172 patients with malignant tumor were measured and compared. Results: The serum level of Cystatin C and suPAR in patients with malignant tumor was significantly increased compared with that of normal adults (P＜0.01 and P＜0.01). The level of Cystatin C and suPAR in terminally ill patients or patients with metastasis was significantly higher than that in the control group. The levels of the two indices in postoperative patients were lower than those in preoperative patients. No significant difference was found in the levels of the two indicies before chemotherapy or radiotherapy and after therapy. Conclusion: The serum levels of Cystatin C and suPARin patients with malignant tumor are correlated with tumor invasion, metastasis and surgical intervention. Detection of Cystatin C and suPAR levels in patients with malignant tumor is valuable for disease monitoring and treatment evaluation.

Objective To explore the related risk factors of stroke in progression(SIP)and establish discriminant models to predict the incidence.Methods 31 possible related factors were compared between progressive group(n=110)and non-progressive group(n=336),and the related factors were analyzed in discriminant models.Results Discriminant models were established by 16 factors,including arterial stenosis,OCSP subtype,blood glucose,low density lipoprotion,creatinine,the sign of early cerebral infarction on CT,the temperature increasing and the rapidly decreasing of blood pressure in 48 hours after admittion.The evaluation to the models by interview data and prospective data showed a satisfied result.Conclusion Arterial stenosis,OCSP subtype and other significant factors selected by model will be helpful in prediction of SIP.

Objective To evaluate the effect of pronase on amoxicillin and metronidazole concentrations in gastric tissue. Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experimental group ( n = 70 ) and control group ( n = 70 ) . Amoxicillin ( 28. 6 mg/kg ) , metronidazole ( 22. 5 mg/kg) and omeprazole (138.2 mg/kg) were administered orally to C57BL/6 mice, combined with pronase (110 mg/kg) or same amount of sterile PBS. Gastric tissue and blood plasma samples were taken at 10 point-in time (7 mice/time) from 15 min up to 360 min after administration. Concentrations of amoxicillin and metronidazole were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. Gastritis index of gastric mucosa ( hematoxylin-eosin staining) and the gastric tissue expressions of mucin 5 AC (Western blot) were detected at 120 min and 360 min after administration. Results The time to peak concentration of amoxicillin and metronidazole in gastric tissue appeared earlier than that in blood plasma (15 min vs 60 min). Tissue concentrations of amoxicillin and metronidazole of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control, and they were mainly at 15 min to 90 min (P ＜0. 05). Plasma concentrations of amoxicillin and metronidazole of experimental group at 15 min and 30 min were higher than those of control ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no difference in gastritis index between experimental group and control at 120 min and 360 min after administration (0.28±0. 18 vs 0. 14 ±0. 14,P＞0.05; 0. 43 ±0. 20 vs 0. 28 ±0. 18,P ＞0. 05). The expressions of mucin 5 AC in experimental group were lower than those of control ( 0. 036 ± 0. 006 vs 0. 197 ± 0. 058; P ＜0. 05; 0. 039 ± 0. 008 vs 0. 208 ± 0. 072, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Pronase can significantly enhance the drugs penetration from mucus into gastric tissue. Concentrations of amoxicillin and metronidazole of experimental group in local gastric tissue and plasma are higher than those of control, especially in improving concentrations of gastric tissue and prolongation of exposed time.

Objective To analyze the data from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) to understand more about it, and provide reference to researchers using this database.Methods 19414 mutations which have definite relevant phenotypes from OMIM were obtained, then these mutations with three databases (1000 Genome Project,GO-ESP,ExAC) which record the mutation frequency in different population were compared.Results Most of the phenotype-related mutations from OMIM are rare mutations whose mutation frequency is less than 1%:18866 in 1000 Genome Project, 18981 in GO-ESP, 18979 in ExAC.The number of mutation whose frequency is more than 1% is 548433435 in 1000 Genome Project, GO-ESP, ExAC, respectively.And there are 320 mutations whose frequency is more than 1% in all databases.In all phenotypes, there are 127 polymorphism phenotypes, 584 susceptibility phenotypes, while in 320 ( 1.6%) phenotypes with common mutations, there are 62 polymorphism phenotypes, 88 susceptibility phenotypes and occupies 48.8%, 15.1%, respectively.Conclusion Approximately 97.5% mutations in OMIM are rare mutations.Polymorphism and susceptibility enrich in common mutations, especially in the mutation whose frequency is more than 10%.

Objective To explore the impact of levels of serum IL-17,Leukotriene B4 and IgE on pathogenesis of childhood asthma.Methods Totally 60 children with asthma acute exacerbation ( 29 children with mild asthma,31 children with moderate-severe asthma) were selected as study group,24 healthy children were selected as control group.Serum IL-17 and LTB4 were measured with euryzemLinked immunosorbent assay,serum IgE was determined with enzyme-linked fluoroimmuneassay by pharmacia CAP Sytem,PMN was determined with automatic blood analyser,pulmonary function was measured in the study group.Results ( 1 ) The level of serum IL-17 ( 1.15 ± 0.10 μg/L,2.80 ± 2.30 μg/L,0.83 ± 0.10 μg/L),LTB4 (2.22 ± 1.01 μg/L,8.79 ± 9.36 μg/L,1.94 ± 1.13 μg/L) and IgE( 123.70 ±86.94 μg/L,322.27 ±332.28 μg/L,24.27 ±7.64 μg/L) were significantly different among mild asthma group,moderate-severe asthma group and control group( P ＜ 0.001 ).( 2 )The N％ of mild asthma group,moderate-severe asthma group and study group were( 55.06 ± 1 1.15 ) ％,( 64.44± 11.87)％,(47.96 ± 13.52)％,L％ were(42.20 ± 11.04)％,(33.93 ± 10.02)％,(49.65 ± 13.02)％,and there were significant differences in N％ and L％ between study group and control group( P ＜ 0.05 ).( 3 ) There were significant positive correlations between the serum IL-17 levels and IgE,LTB4 and IgE,IL-17 and LTB4 in asthmatic children( P ＜0.05).(4) There were significant negative correlcations between the level of serum IL-17,LTB4 and FEVI,PEF( P ＜0.001 ).There were significant positive correlations between serum IL-17,LTB4 and N％ (P ＜0.001 ).(5)There were not correlations between the level of serum IgE and FEV1,PEF and N％in asthmatic children( P ＞0.05 ).Conclusion The levels of serum IL-17,LTB4 and IgE participated in pathogenesis on asthmatic children patients.

Objective To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Karamay adults.Methods A total of 2377 subjects aged 20-75 years old who took health check-up during April and June 2011 were included in this investigation.Body mass index (BMI),waist to hip ratio (WHR),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum uric acid (SUA)were measured.Food intake patterns and life style of the participants were accessed by using food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).Main component analysis and multivariate logistic regression model were used to explore the association of dietary patterns with NAFLD.Results Five dietary patterns were identified,including condiment dietary pattern, western dietary pattern, conventional healthy dietary pattern,snacks and bean pattern,and high protein dietary pattern.Subjects of condiment dietary pattern,western dietary pattern or conventional healthy dietary pattern showed significantly different prevalence of NAFLD (x2 values were 149.873,8.247 and 18.766,respectively; all P ＜ 0.05).In condiment dietary pattern,age,BMI,WHR,SUA and TG were significantly different in Q4 group (F values were 8.42,5.64,12.78,10.72 and 9.63,respectively; all P ＜0.05).For those with western dietary pattern,age,WHR,SBP,SUA,TC and TG showed significant different trend (F values were 9.84,6.87,6.11,10.61,6.87 and 8.13,respectively; all P ＜ 0.05).However,subjects with conventional healthy dietary pattern showed a significant different trend of age,BMI,WHR,SBP,SUA and AST (F values were 19.13,11.09,13.89,6.11,15.12,6.19,respectively ; all P ＜ 0.05).After age,BMI,WHR,SBP,SUA,AST,TC and TG were adjusted,the risk of NAFLD of those with condiment pattern or western pattern were significantly increased (odds ratio (OR) were 1.33 (95％ confidence interval (CI) 0.95-1.87) and 1.36 (95％ CI 0.979-1.902),respectively).Conclusion Dietary pattern may be associated with NAFLD.People need to learn healthy dietary habit to prevent NAFLD.

BACKGROUND:Neural stem cel transplantation alone has achieved unsatisfactory outcomes in the repair of damaged spinal cord tissues. To promote the survival, proliferation and neuronal differentiation of transplanted cels in vivo, it is necessary to further improve the micro-environment of spinal cord injury.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of neural stem cel transplantation plus electroacupuncture on the hindlimb function and electrophysiological changes of rats with spinal cord injury.
METHODS: Animal models of spinal cord injury were made in 72 Sprague-Dawley rats and randomized into four groups: control group with injection of culture mediumvia the tail vein; neural stem cel group with injection of neural stem cel suspensionvia the tail vein; electroacupuncture group given 1-week electroacupuncture atDu meridian and body points starting from 6 hours after modeling; combined group given injection of neural stem cel suspension via the tail vein+1-week electroacupuncture atDu meridian and body points starting from 6 hours after modeling. Motor functional recovery in rats was assessed by Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan score and inclined plane test before and at 1, 3 days and 1-4 weeks after modeling. At 4 weeks after modeling, hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed for pathological observation; fluorescence microscope was used to observe the survival and distribution of CM-Dil-labeled neural stem cels; horseradish peroxidase tracer was used to observe nerve fiber regeneration; rat neurophysiological recovery was assessed by determining motor evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 2-4 weeks after modeling, the hindlimb function was better in the combined group than the neural stem cel group and electroacupuncture group; while it was better in the neural stem cel group and electroacupuncture group than the control group. At 4 weeks after modeling, there were few nerve axon-like structures and smal voids in the spinal cord of the neural stem cel group and electroacupuncture group; however, in the combined group, there were more nerve axon-like structures and no void in the spinal cord. At 4 weeks after modeling, the number of nerve fibers positive for CD-Dil and horseradish peroxidase was ranked as folows: combined group > neural stem cel group and electroacupuncture group > control group, and there were significant differences between groups (P < 0.05). The latencies of motor and somatosensory evoked potentials were significantly lower in the combined group than the neural stem cel group and electroaucpuncture group folowed by the control group (P < 0.05), whereas the amplitudes of motor and somatosensory evoked potentials were significantly higher in the combined group than the neural stem cel group and electroacupuncture group folowed by the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these findings indicate that neural stem cel transplantation combined with electroacupuncture can promote synaptic regeneration and improve the motor and electrophysiological functions of rats.

BACKGROUND:Electroacupuncture has promoting effects on the functional recovery of the injured spinal cord, can decrease pain, and elevate postoperative effect after acute spinal cord contusion.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on apoptosis in the injured site after spinal cord contusion, and analyze its neuroprotective effects on neurological function in rats with spinal cord contusion. METHODS:A total of 66 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into: sham surgery group (n=20), spinal cord contusion group (n=20), electroacupuncture stimulation group (n=20) because six rats were excluded due to modeling failure and death. Before model establishment, at 1, 3 days, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after model establishment, motor functions were evaluated by BBB score and the inclined plate test. At 3 days after model establishment, apoptosis of nerve cels could be detected in the site of injury in each experimental group using TUNEL assay. mRNA and protein expression of bax, bcl-2 and caspase-3 was detected surrounding the injury site using RT-PCR and western blot assay. Morphological changes in the site of injury could be observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The regeneration of nerve fibers was observed using HRP tracing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Motor function score was significantly increased at various time points in the 2nd week of treatment in the electroacupuncture stimulation group than in the spinal cord contusion group (P< 0.05). (2) Apoptotic index was significantly lower in the electroacupuncture stimulation group than in the spinal cord contusion group at 3 days after model establishment (P < 0.05). (3) mRNA and protein expression of bax and caspase-3 was significantly lower in the electroacupuncture stimulation group than in the spinal cord contusion group at 72 hours (P < 0.05); bcl-2 gene and protein expression was significantly higher (P < 0.05). (4) The number of HRP-positive nerve fibers was highest in the sham surgery group, folowed by electroacupuncture stimulation group, and lowest in the spinal cord contusion group at 4 weeks (P < 0.05). Results indicated that electroacupuncture plays a protective role on the spinal cord contusion by reducing apoptosis of nerve cels at the site of injury.