The incidence of open-angle glaucoma has been rising year after year in China, which has caught much at-tention from ophthalmologists.There are various methods to evaluate the disease progression of an open-angle glaucoma pa-tient.These methods can be divided into two classes:functional assessment and structural assessment.We survey these two classes of methods in this paper.

In this work, polyelectrolyte microcapsules containing gold nanoparticles were prepared via layer by layer assembly. Gold nanoparticles and poly (allyamine hydrochloride) (PAH) were coated on the CaCO3 microparticles. And then EDTA was used to remove the CaCO3 core. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the surface of microcapsules. SEM images indicate that the microcapsules and the polyelectrolyte multilayer were deposited on the surface of CaCO3 microparticles. FITC-bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA, 2 mg) was incorporated in the CaCO3 microparticles by co-precipitation. Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the fluorescence intensity of microcapsules. The encapsulation efficiency was (34.31 +/- 2.44) %. The drug loading was (43.75 +/- 3.12) mg g(-1).

The compounds from the root of Rhododendron molle G. Don were isolated, purified by various chromatographic techniques, and their structures were identified according to the physical and chemical features and spectral data. Three compounds were separated from the root of Rhododendron molle G. Don and identified as Rhodojaponin-III, taraxerol, beta-sitosterol for the first time.
Diterpenes/*isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry ; Oleanolic Acid/*analogs & derivatives ; Oleanolic Acid/isolation & purification ; Plant Roots/*chemistry ; Rhododendron/*chemistry ; Sitosterols/*isolation & purification

As the advanced technology of proteomics, the surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS)has great potential in clinical application for it′s technological features.Whether it can be applied in clinical trials depends on the quality control and standardization of the technology.In the article, we introduced and discussed the following aspects of the issue.1) quality controlling before sample being analyzed, including the collection and preparation of samples, the selection and conservation of reagents, the calibration and attendance of laboratory apparatus;2) quality controlling during the assay, that is, the validation and analysis of the experimental result;3) the standardization of the continued data handling and analyzing, including the standardization of the analyzed data′s nature, the selection and standardization of the data′s analyzing methods, the system evaluation of the whole SELDI-TOF-MS technological system.

Objective:This paper aims to bioinformatically analyze the target genes of miR-29b and to provide clues for cancer research targeting miR-29b. Methods:The differential expression levels of miRNAs in CD133+and CD133-A549 cells were detected using the miRNA PCR chip. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to verify the partially differential expression of miR-NAs. Target genes of miR-29b were predicted by miRecords and analyzed by gene ontology and signal transduction pathway enrich-ment analysis. Results: The miR-29b expression was significantly decreased in the CD133+A549 cells compared with that in the CD133-cells. The number of miR-29b target genes was 106. The functions of these target genes were enriched in binding and extracel-lular matrix structural constituent (P<0.01). The JAK-STAT and TGF-βsignal transduction pathways were significantly enriched (P<0.05). Conclusion:The abnormal expression of miR-29b may be related to metastasis. Some of the predicted target genes of miR-29b were significantly enriched in the signaling pathways in relation to the tumors.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze related factors of subtype transformation and to identify prognostic factors for pa-tients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS). Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 92 patients with RPLS, which were confirmed by postoperative pathology from July 1997 to October 2014 in Henan Provincial Tumor Hospital. Related studies were reviewed, and the prognoses were followed up. The factors may affect subtype transformation or prognoses were applied to the statistical analysis. Results:A total of 74 patients with RPLS were included according to the recruiting standard. The 5-year survival rate was 48.65%. Lobulated tumors (P=0.013) were the correlative factors that influenced subtype transformation. The Log-rank test showed that the age at diagnosis (P=0.045), multi-visceral resection (P=0.042), tumor necrosis (P<0.001), subtype transformation (P<0.001), and malignant level of pathological subtypes of the first operation (P<0.001) influenced overall survival. Multivariate Cox re-gression analysis showed that tumor necrosis and the malignant level of the initial histological grade were independent factors of over-all survival. Conclusion:Lobulated tumors are likely to transform the subtype. The prognosis of patients with RPLS is correlated with multi-visceral resection, tumors necrosis, subtype transformation, and the malignant level of pathological subtypes of the first opera-tion. Multi-visceral resection could not improve the 5-year survival rate of RPLS, and adjuvant therapy could not improve the prognosis.

Objective To research the significance of application of clinical nursing pathway in patients undertaking glossectomy and forearm flap reconstruction.Methods Sixty patients with tongue cancer who undertook glossectomy and forearm flap reconstruction were enrolled.The patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group (30 cases in each group).The patients of the experimental group received nursing following clinical nursing pathway,and the patients in the control group received routine nursing service.The patients and doctors satisfaction evaluation were compared between the two groups with a self-designed nursing quality evaluation form.The qualities of care achieved in 2 groups were compared.Results It took less in-ward time and expenditure in the experimental group compared with the control group.The quality of care,the satisfactory degree of patients and doctors in the exipermental group were significantly higher than those of the control group.Conclusions The establishment and application of the clinical nursing pathway in patients undertaking glossectomy and forearm flap reconstrucition contributes to improve the satisfaction of patients and doctors and the quality of nursing service.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of early intervention of acupuncture on urinary function reconstruction of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury, so as to find the optimal treatment timing of acupuncture.

METHODSFifty-three patients of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury were randomly divided into a prior-to-catheter group (25 cases) and a posterior-to-catheter group (28 cases). For the prior-to-catheter group, one week before the removal of catheter, acupoints on the abdomen and back such as Guanyuan (CV 4), Zhongji (CV 3), Baliao (Shangliao (BL 31), Ciliao (BL 32), Zhongliao (BL 33), Xialiao (BL 34), Jiaji (EX-B 2) and acupoints at distal end such as Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were selected; after the catheter removal, simple method. of water column was used to measure bladder capacity pressure to classify the type of bladder, and then different acupuncture manipulations were given; intermittent catheterization was performed if condition was allowed. The posterior-to-catheter group applied identical treatment after removal of catheter as the prior-to-catheter group. The treatment was given 5 times per week; after one-month treatment, five aspects including the time of first effective urination, time of establishing reflex urination, average residual volume of urine, time of residual urine less than 100 mL and quality of life (QOL) were evaluated.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the time of first effective urination, time of establishing reflex urination, average residual volume of urine and time of residual urineless than 100 mL in the prior-to-catheter group were all superior to those in the posterior-to-catheter group (all P<0. 05) ; the score of QOL was improved in two groups after treatment (both P<0. 01), but the difference between two groups was not statistically significant (P>0. 05); each index of urination function was not significant among patients with different injured segments of spinal cord (all P>0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe early intervention of acupuncture (prior to catheter) has obvious improving function on establishing balanced bladder in patients with neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury, which is superior to acupuncture intervention after removal of catheter, however, the effects of different injured segments on establishing balanced bladder are not different.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; complications ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder ; physiopathology ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urination ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) alone or in combination for melanocytic nevus.Methods A total of 37 patients with clinically diagnosed melanocytic nevus were collected.Skin lesions were firstly examined by dermoscopy and RCM,then were resected to be subjected to histopathological examination for final diagnosis.The imaging features of melanocytic nevus were summarized.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of different skin imaging techniques were calculated,and the consistency was analyzed between skin imaging techniques and histopathological examination.Results Based on the dermoscopic and RCM findings,2 kinds of nevus cells with different morphological features were observed in the dermis of intradermal nevus.One kind of nevus cells was characterized by a nonfusional,highly-refractive round structure in the papillary dermis under RCM,and by a brown or light brown homogenous pattern under dermoscopy,which was observed in 5 skin lesions.The other kind of nevus cells appeared as irregular,highly-refractive cell clumps in the papillary dermis under RCM,and by a cobblestone or globular pattern under dermoscopy,which was observed in 31 skin lesions.For the diagnosis of melanocytic nevus,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of RCM combined with dermoscopy were 91.7％,87.5％,90.9％,97.1％ and 70％ respectively,those of RCM were 86.1％,75％,84％,93.9％ and 54.5％ respectively,and those of dermoscopy were 77.8％,87.5％,75％,96.3％ and 41.2％ respectively.All the diagnostic indices of RCM combined with dermoscopy were higher than those of RCM or dermoscopy alone,except that the specificity was equal to that of dermoscopy alone.RCM showed higher sensitivity,accuracy and negative predictive value,but lower specificity and positive predictive value compared with dermoscopy.There were no significant differences in the diagnostic yield in melanocytic nevus between RCM combined with dermoscopy or RCM alone and histopathological examination (x2 =0.25,0.57,P =0.63,0.45,Kappa value =0.72,0.53,respectively).However,a significant difference in the diagnostic yield in melanocytic nevus was observed between dermoscopy and histopathological examination (x2 =5.81,P =0.012).Conclusion RCM combined with dermoscopy shows higher diagnostic accuracy for melanocytic nevus compared with RCM or dermoscopy alone.

The compounds from the root of Rhododendron molle G. Don were isolated, purified by various chromatographic techniques, and their structures were identified according to the physical and chemical features and spectral data. Three compounds were separated from the root of Rhododendron molle G. Don and identified as Rhodojaponin-III, taraxerol, beta-sitosterol for the first time.
Diterpenes ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; isolation & purification ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rhododendron ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; isolation & purification