Objective To create a method to assay adriamycin in endolymph of guinea pig cochlea,and provide methodology background to study the accumulation of ototoxicity substance in inner ear.Methods 12 normal guinea pig were killed quickly after 24 hours following adriamycin injection.The concentrate of adriamycin in endolymph of guinea pig cochlea was assayed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results The linear relation of concentration of adriamycin in endolymph was well when the concentration was from 2.56 ng/mL to 1398.00 ng/mL.Correlation coefficient of linearity was 0.999 (n=10).The percentage of retrieve for adriamycin in endolymph was 96.3%.Relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2.61%.The lowest limitation was 1.9 ng/ml .Conclusion The sensibility of HPLC is high,and it can accurately detect the concentration of adriamycin in endolymph of guinea pig cochlea,especially the adriamycin is administrated in vein.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of MDR 1 gene in cochlea lateral wall and the accumulation of adriamycin in endolymph of guinea pig.Methods Twenty four white guinea pigs with red eyes were randomly chosen,and administered an intravenous injection of 30 mg/kg adriamycin or N.S.The animals were sacrificed 24 hours later,the cochlea lateral wall was then immediately removed after the endolymph was drawn by the siphon from the basal turn of cochlea. The expression of the MDR 1 mRNA in cochlea lateral wall of guinea pigs were observed by RT-PCR.The ADM concentration in endolymph was measured by high performance liquid chromatography.Results The accumulation of adriamycin in endolymph negatively correlated with the expression of MDR 1 gene in cochlea lateral wall(r s=-0.901, P

Objective To examine the expression and the significance of mdr 1 mRNA in guinea pig cochlea lateral wall at different developmental stages.Methods Thirty white guinea pigs with red eye including three developmental stages were used in this study. The expression of mdr 1mRNA in the cochlear lateral wall was measured in situ hybridization and analyzed by the softeware of MPLAS-500.Results mdr 1mRNA was detected mainly in the endothelial cells.The expression intensity of mdr 1mRNA was different in guinea pig cochlea lateral wall at different developmental stages, mdr 1mRNA in 1～2 weeks group was significantly lower than that of 3-week-group and 4-week-group(P0.05).Conclusion mdr 1mRNA is found in the normal cochlea lateral wall cells. The expression intensity is different with the development of guinea pig cochlea lateral wall.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cel s can be used to treat a variety of injuries, but little is known about their effect on systolic hypertension. OBJECTIVE:To study the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on systolic hypertension rats. METHODS:Twenty-four rats were randomized equal y into control, model and cel transplantation groups. A rat model of systolic hypertension was made by injection of vitamin K and warfarin sodium in the model and cel transplantation groups. Rats in the cel transplantation group were given injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s into the left ventricle, while those in the other two groups given normal saline. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s could reduce left ventricular mass index, increase cardiac tissue type I col agen volume fraction, col agen volume fraction and perivascular col agen volume fraction, but the ratio of end-diastolic volume/body weight did not change significantly. These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can reduce myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis in systolic hypertension rats.

Resulting from the shape stability, metal vascular stent has limited the vascular retraction, and subsequently prevent the unfavorable vascular remodeling. However, the metal stent requires further anticoagulant therapy after implantation, induces the hyperplasy of vascular smooth muscle cells, and cannot completely prevent the occurrence of in-stent restenosis. Surface modification of metal stent may reduce thrombogenesis. Based on the metal stent, drug eluting stent can transfer the active drugs to the damaged vessels, release them into the vascular wall and inhibit the in-stent restenosis. The eluting drugs restrain both the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and the regeneration of normal endothelial cells, leading to delay the vascular endothelialization and increase the risk of delayed thrombogenesis. The effect of stent implantation on the modus and size of vascular injury varies according to different operational techniques, processing technologies and designs, thus influencing the occurrence of in-stent restenosis. It is a potential study topic of interventional therapy to develop new eluting materials and eluting drugs, modify formulation, as well as facilitate the stent structure.

Coronary stent can cause mechanical injury to tunica intima and stimulation to vessel wall, resulting to platelet and inflammatory cell aggregation and infiltration, release of inflammation mediators, chemotatic factor, adhesion molecule and growth factor, and promoting migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. The inflammatory reaction post stenting is highly correlated with intravascular restenosis. The drug-eluting stent against proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and inflammatory reaction can reduce the intensity and duration of body inflammatory reaction, improve stent technique, relieve damage of stenting to vessel wall, and reduce incidence of intravascular restenosis.

Objective To compare the efficacy of arthroscopic assisted percutaneous plate osteosynthesis and conventional open reduction and plate internal fixation in treatment of tibial plateau fractures of SchatzkerⅠ ~ Ⅳ . Methods Clinical data of 60 patients with tibial plateau fractures from July 2014 to July 2016 was retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were divided into observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). Patients in observation group underwent arthroscopic assisted percutaneous internal fixation surgery, while patients in control group underwent conventional open reduction and plate internal fixation. Then record the operation index, the incidence of postoperative complications, maximum active angle of knee joint and the excellent rate of treatment. Results The operation index, postoperative complication rate, maximum active angle of knee joint and the treatment excellence rate in observation group was superior to control group. Conclusion With better clinical value, arthroscopic assisted percutaneous plate fixation was more satisfactory than conventional open reduction and plate internal fixation in treatment of tibial plateau fractures of Schatzker Ⅰ ~ Ⅳ .

Objective To observe the effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder on sugar tolerance and intestinal flora of diabetes rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods The diabetes model rats (divided into 2 groups: the therapy group and the control) were intragastric administration with equal volume of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and distilled water for 10 weeks, respectively. Then the blood glucose level and intestinal flora amount were tested. Results The abnormal sugar tolerance of therapy group rats returned to normal and the amount of Bacillus bifidus in intestinal flora also recovered. There were significant differences compared with control. Conclusion Canoderma lucidum spore powder can decrease blood sugar level and adjusts intestinal flora amount of experiment rats.

Aim To investigate the effect of metformin (Met) on connexin43(Cx43) expression in H9c2 cells cultured with high glucose and the relevant mecha-nisms.Methods Rat myocardial cells H9c2 were cul-tured with high glucose , then combined with 3μmol· L-1 and 5 μmol · L-1 of Met for 24 h respectively . The viability and toxicity of H9c2 cells were detected by MTT and LDH , respectively .The expression and distribution of Cx43 were detected by immunofluores-cence staining .The intracellular oxygen species reac-tive ( ROS) level was detected by fluorescencemicrosco-py.And the expression of Cx43, P-AMPK, AMPK and GAPDH was determined by Western blot .Results The viability of H9c2 cells was increased and the level of intracellular ROS was decreased in Met group , while there existed no significant difference in LDH release among groups.Met significantly increased the phos-phorylation of AMPK and the expression of Cx 43, and improved the distribution of Cx 43 also.Conclusion The beneficial effect of Met on cardiovascular system in diabetic patients may via up-regulating the expression of Cx43 and down-regulating of intracellular ROS through activation of AMPK .

Objective To analyze preoperative risk factors of perioperative pulmonary hypertension crisis (PHC) for pregnant woman with severe pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), and approach its clinical value. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted. The clinical data from 152 pregnant women with severe PAH underwent cesarean delivery admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 1st 2008 to December 31st 2016 was collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to with perioperative PHC or not. Through the case management system, age, height, weight, gestational age, pregnancy time, type of PAH, emergency or selective surgery, New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification, and preoperative ultrasound left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular diastolic final diameter (LVEDD), the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (sPAP) estimated by ultrasonic TI method, radial artery systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) without oxygen, oral sildenafil ingestion, having Swan-Ganz catheter placement or not, and whether used norepinephrine or not, as well as the occurrence of perioperative PHC and clinical outcomes were collected. Possible preoperative risk factors were compared between the two groups by single factor and multiple factors logistic regression analysis. The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to assess the diagnostic value of various risk factors.Results A total of 152 patients were screened. Ten patients got heart surgery under general anesthesia at the same time, and 4 patients experiencing cesarean section with general anesthesia were excluded. 138 patients were enrolled finally, 27 patients underwent perioperative PHC (19.57%), and 17 patients died with a mortality of 62.96%. Compared with non-PHC group, the patients in PHC group were older (years: 25.07±3.55 vs. 27.64±4.82), had a poor cardiac function (NYHA cardiac function classification: 3.22±0.64 vs. 2.85±0.53), a smaller LVEDD (mm: 38.78±4.76 vs. 43.91±9.67), lower SpO2 without oxygen (0.83±0.12 vs. 0.92±0.06) and oral sildenafil ingestion rate (29.63% vs. 56.76%), and higher sPAP estimated by ultrasonic TI method [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 113.41±24.73 vs. 99.35±21.10] and DBP (mmHg: 79.63±13.23 vs. 75.23±12.14), more having Swan-Ganz catheter placement (85.19% vs. 57.66%), more Eisenmenger syndrome (70.37% vs. 37.84%), and more emergency operation (48.15% vs. 23.42%, allP ≤ 0.1). The variables with statistically significant differences showed by single factor analysis were collected, and it was shown by multiple factors logistic regression analysis that LVEDD [odds ratio (OR) = 0.878, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.796-0.968,P = 0.009], whether oral taken sildenafil (OR = 0.161, 95%CI = 0.051-0.515,P = 0.002) or not, SpO2 at room air (OR = 0.882, 95%CI = 0.829-0.938,P = 0.000), Swan-Ganz catheter placement or not (OR = 6.186, 95%CI = 1.533-24.964,P = 0.010) were independent risk factors of perioperative PHC in pregnant women with severe PAH. It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of four factors mentioned above combined diagnosis for PHC was 0.878 (P = 0.000) with the sensitivity of 88.89% and specificity of 76.58%.Conclusions PHC is very dangerous for gravida with severe PAH, and the mortality rate is very high. LVEDD, oral sildenafil, SpO2 at room air, Swan-Ganz catheter placement or not were independent risk factors of perioperative PHC for severe PAH maternal. Four preoperative factors of perioperative PHC joint diagnosis accuracy were higher.