Objective: To optimize the extraction process of volatile oil from Fructus Litseae.Methods: Supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE-CO2) was used to extract volatile oil from Fructus Litseae, and the extraction process was optimized by a central composite design-response surface method (CCD-RSM).The kind and content of volatile oil extracted by SFE-CO2 and steam distillation (SD) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS).Results: The highest extraction rate of the total effective constituents was 66.26% when the optimum conditions were as follows: the extraction temperature was 44 ℃, the extraction pressure was 26 MPa, entrainer ethanol was 11 ml and the extraction time was 40 min.It was revealed that neral, geranial and limonene were the major constituents.Compared with that of SD, the kind of volatile oil extracted by SFE-CO2 was fewer while the content of citral extracted by SFE-CO2 was higher.Conclusion: The extraction process optimized by CCD-RSM provides reference for the extraction method and quality control of volatile oil from Fructus Litseae.

Objective To detect the expressions of COX-2 and VEGF-C in breast cancer and to explore the relationship between their expressions and lymphatic metastasis. Methods Immunohistochemical stai- ning (SABC) was used to detect the expressions of COX-2 and VEGF-C proteins in 60 cases of breast canc- er. Results The positive rate of COX-2 and VEGF-C in breast cancer were 66.7% and 60. 0%, and the expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with VEGF-C (r =0.429, P<0.05). COX-2 and VEGF-C expressions were positively correlated with lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). The lymphatic metastasis rate in the positive group of COX-2 and VEGF-C were higher than that in the negative group of COX-2 and VEGF-C. Conclusion Over expression of COX-2 and VEGF-C were observed in breast cancer, and closely related to lymphatic metastasis. COX-2 has positive correlation with VEGF-C and was correlated with lym- phatic metastasis of breast cancer. COX-2 may promote the over expression of VEGF-C in tumor cells and cause lymphatic metastasis.

A tumor-targeting recombinant fusion immunotoxin B-L-SEC2 was constructed by fusing staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 (SEC2) and an anti-HER-2 single-chain Fv B1 through a peptide linker, and expressed in E. coli strain BL21 (DE3) with an improved expression vector pASK75-EX as inclusion body. The denatured inclusion body was purified with Ni-NTA chelate agarose, and then re-natured by dialysis. FACS and MTT assays indicated that the re-natured fusion immunotoxin B-L-SEC2 could target the HER-2 over-expressing breast tumor cell SK-Br-3 in vitro, and inhibit the growth of SK-Br-3.

Objective To study the value of electronic administration analysis system used for pre-hospitalrecords in comparison with statistic data processed manually. Method The data of 'first aid medical records'collected from June 26, 2007 to December 26, 2007 in Wuxi Emergency Center, Wuxi, China were taken for anal-ysis. The items for comparison included the average number of emergency patients monthly, percentage of intra-venous infusion, proportion of ECG and blood oxygen saturation monitoring, rate of blood glucose measurement,number of pre-hospital treatment, frequency of using medical devices and time taken for answer to inquires. Thecomparison was carried out between statistic data processed manually and those processed electronically. ResultsBetween two different methods of statistic process, there were no significant in all items ( P > 0.05) except theshorter time required for electronic process to answer the inquires (P<0.01). Conclusions The electronic ad-ministration analysis system for the records of emergency patients is fully developed to meet the expectation in termsof quick answer to inquries with credibly and precisely numerical values.

OBJECTIVE To study the role of ciliary neurotrophic factor(CNTF) in the generation of facial nerve.METHODS Twenty adult New Zealand rabbits' bilateral super buccals of facial nerves were transected and connected with silicone tube.CNTF was injected into a random side of silicone tube and normal saline in the other.At four and eight weeks after the operation, both the CNTF group and the SAL group underwent electrophysiology test and histopathology as well as quantity analysis.RESULTS Four weeks later, both CNTF and SAL group failed in eliciting muscular excitement upon stimulation; T-test showed a signifi-cant difference(P

BACKGROUND:Shengjiyuhong ointment has been reported to inhibit hypertrophic scarring. OBJECTIVE:To verify the effects of Shengjiyuhong ointment on hypertrophic scarring of in a rabbit ear model. METHODS:Each ear of thirty-six Japanese rabbits was used to make four 1-cm-diameter circular ful-thickness skin wounds with the entire perichondrium removed. Final y, 288 wounds were made and randomly divided into 6 groups:model, negative control (no drugs were administered), low-, moderate-, high-crude herbal dose drugs (Shengjiyuhong ointment was administered topical y at concentrations of 8.39%, 25.18%, and 75.54%), and positive control (recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor was administered topical y). Shengjiyuhong ointment was administered twice daily til wound healing. The wounds were evaluated by the Vancouver scar scale (VSS). Scar elevation index (SEI) of scar specimens was calculated under a microscope at 40× magnification. mRNA expression levels of type I and III col agen, connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin, andα-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were determined by fluorescent quantitative PCR. Protein expression levels of type I and III col agen andα-SMA were detected by western blot assay.α-SMA immunoreactivity was determined by immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:VSS scores and SEI were significantly increased in each group at 30 days (P<0.05). VSS scores and SEI were significantly decreased in the moderate-and high-crude herbal dose drug groups and positive control groups compared with the model, negative control, and low-crude herbal dose drug groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). mRNA expression levels of type I and III col agen, connective tissue growth factor and fibronectin, and protein expression levels of type I and III col agen andα-SMA were significantly inhibited after moderate-crude herbal dose Shengjiyuhong ointment and positive drug treatment (P<0.01). These findings suggest that Shengjiyuhong ointment can reduce hypertrophic scars by inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and col agen deposition.

Objective To establish a novel TRFIA for the measurement of heparanase (HPA) in serum samples,and investigate its clinical application.Methods The micro-pore plate wells were first coated with partially recombinant murine anti-human HPA monoclonal antibody.Biotin-labeled recombinant HPA protein was then used to compete with HPA in serum samples,and the prepared europium (III)-labeled streptavidin (Eu3+-SA) was used as signal readout for establishing the BSA-TRFIA assay.Using this assay,the serum HPA levels in healthy subjects (n=32) and tumor patients (n=54) were measured.The results of BSA-TRFIA were compared with those of ELISA.Two-sample t test (or t' test),and linear correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.Results The sensitivity of BSA-TRFIA for measuring HPA was 0.33 ug/L.The CV values for intra-batch and inter-batch were 5.29% and 7.54%,respectively.The average recovery rate was 105.5%.The standard curve range was 0-1 000 ug/L.The serum HPA level measured by the BSA-TRFIA method in healthy subjects was (2.03_+ 1.47) Iug/L.In tumor patients,the HPA level was significantly higher:(22.13_+7.38) ug/L (t'=19.388,P

Medicine is a practical subject,which requires medical students to deepen and expand the understanding of the theory by clinical training,and establish clinical thinking.In our noviciate reform of obstetrics and gynecology,we have established the new problem-based teaching mode,which is an effective method in fostering the ability of information collection,innovation and practice,and have obtained more satisfactory results.

Objective:To evaluate the value of neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet ratio (N/LPR) for predicting 28-day mortality in sepsis patients.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted. The clinical data of 154 sepsis patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from June 2017 to June 2020 were enrolled. The time of first diagnosis of sepsis in ICU was taken as the research starting point, and the death or 28 days as the end point. The 28-day outcomes of patients were recorded. The counts of peripheral blood neutrophil (NEU), lymphocyte (LYM) and platelet (PLT) were collected from all the enrolled patients within 3 days after diagnosis of sepsis. The ratios of N/LPR and NEU/LYM (NLR) were calculated respectively. The differences of N/LPR and NLR between survival group and death group were compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to analyze the value of N/LPR and NLR on predicting the 28-day mortality of sepsis patients. According to the best cut-off value of ROC curve analysis, the 28-day mortality of patients with sepsis was analyzed by subgroup analysis, and the 28-day cumulative survival of patients with sepsis was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve.Results:Of the 154 sepsis patients, the patients with age < 18 years, pregnancy, blood disease, taking aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs within 1 week, taking leucocyte drugs within 1 week, length of ICU stay < 3 days and incomplete data were excluded. Finally, 50 patients were enrolled. Among them, 30 patients survived on the 28th day and 20 died. Compared with the survival group, the levels of N/LPR and NLR in the death group were significantly increased (N/LPR: 23.85±11.99 vs. 12.41±5.25, NLR: 17.83±8.69 vs. 10.75±3.63), with statistical differences (both P < 0.01). ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of N/LPR for predicting 28-day death of sepsis patients was 0.827, it was higher than that of NLR (AUC = 0.762). Base on N/LPR≥15.48 as a predictor of cut-off value of death in 28 days of sepsis patients, the sensitivity was 75.0% and the specificity was 80.0%, respectively. Base on NLR≥10.65 as a predictor of cut-off value of death in 28 days of sepsis patients, the sensitivity was 75.0% and specificity was 56.7%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the 28-day mortality in the patients with N/LPR≥15.48 ( n = 21) was significantly higher than those with N/LPR < 15.48 ( n = 29; 71.4% vs. 17.2%, χ 2 = 14.901, P < 0.01); and the 28-day mortality in the patients with NLR≥10.65 ( n = 28) was also significantly higher than those with NLR < 10.65 ( n = 22; 53.6% vs. 22.7%, χ 2 = 4.884, P < 0.05). The results were consistent with Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis. Conclusion:Peripheral blood N/LPR has a good predictive value for 28-day mortality of sepsis patients, and which is better than NLR.

Two oligonucleotide probes are permitted to anneal to the nucleic acid target of interest so that the ends of two probes immediately become adjacent to each other. The ligase can then efficiently join the two juxtaposed oligonucleotide probes by the formation of a phosphodiester bond if and only if perfectly matched base-pairs at the nick are present. During past 20 years, many ligase-mediated techniques have been developed for analyzing various bio-molecules, such as known/unknown point mutations, small-scale insertions and deletions, CpG islands methylation, large sets of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), specific proteins and DNA regions with which some other proteins can interact. Since the ligation reaction can be easily integrated into other techniques, certain advances have been already achieved. These novel approaches retain high accuracy through multiple hybridization and enzymatic processing events, and provide inherent quality control checking. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the ligase-mediated techniques for bio-molecular analysis.
CpG Islands ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Ligases ; metabolism ; Molecular Probe Techniques ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; biosynthesis ; chemical synthesis ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide