OBJECTIVE:To study the influence of Dieda paste application on expressions of CD16/32and CD80of mouse macrophages in traumatic condition.METHODS:The mice were divided into3groups:treatment group,model group and normal group.Using Rene method,7time-periods were adopted.Purified mouse peritoneal macrophages were obtained and detected with flow cytometer.RESULTS:After48-hour treatment,the subgroups of positive CD16/32,positive CD80and neg?ative CD16/32changed significantly.CONCLUSION:Topical application of Dieda paste could regulate the expressions of CD 16/32and CD80to normal levels.

Objective To observe the effect of finger-pressing combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy on the recovery of upper limb function after stroke.Methods A total of 60 cerebral stroke patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (n =30) and a control group (n =30).All patients were treated with conventional anti-symptomatic drugs but no anti-spasticity ones.The experimental group was given conventional rehabilitation and finger-pressing therapy,while the control group was given conventional rehabilitation only.Both groups were measured the motor function,using the upper-extremity portion of the Fugl-Meyer Scale,and the mean integrated electromyography (iEMG) output of biceps and flexor carpi radialis after the first finger-pressing treatment and 1 month later,so as to observe the immediate and continuous effects of finger-pressing therapy respectively.Results After the first session of finger-pressing therapy,the average Fugl-Meyer score(FMA) (12.63 ± 4.64) of the experimental group was significantly higher than in a pretest (12.13 ± 4.88) (P ＜ 0.05),while the iEMG of biceps (41.64 ± 9.22) and flexor carpi radialis (37.06 ± 7.02) were lower than before (P ＜ 0.01).One month after the treatment,compared with the control group,the average FMA (25.17 ± 5.93) and iEMG of biceps(34.42 ± 7.55) and flexor carpi radialis sEMG(30.63 ± 5.54) in the experimental group were significantly improved (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Finger-pressing therapy has significant and immediate effects in improving the upper extremity spasticity of stroke survivors.Combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy it can effectively reduce the upper extremity spasticity in stroke patients and significantly improve the upper extremity function.The combination is superior to conventional rehabilitation alone.

Objective To prepare human anti-postsynaptic neurotoxin monoclonal antibody from phage antibody library using recombined postsynaptic short-chain neurotoxins ofLapemis curtus.Methods The three postsynaptic neurotoxins were expressed inEscherichia coli and phage antibodies against neurotoxins were screened. The obtained scFvs were further constructed to full antibodies. The antigen binding ability, biochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics of the depurated antibodies were evaluated, and the anti-toxin effects of the antibody drugs were verifiedin vivo.Results Two positive scFvs with specific binding ability to all the three neurotoxins were obtained after 4 rounds of panning, and then the full antibodies were generated, expressed and purified. Antibody binding specificity was further confirmed. Pharmacokinetics of these two antibodies, SM-SD-911 and SM-SD-861 were similar to a conventional IgG molecule. SM-SD-911 and SM-SD-861 also showed strong antitoxin effectin vivo. Conclusionfull human anti-postsynaptic neurotoxin antibody has been successfully obtained by using recombinant neurotoxin technology and a large phage antibody library which may achieve clinical efficacy in navy medical applications.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that the prevalence and extent of carotid artery stenosis increased with thedevelopment of coronary artery disease. There was a higher incidence of intracranial small-vessel disease, but lower of carotid artery disease in the Chinese stroke patients as compared with the white.OBJ ECTIVE: To observe the distribution of carotid and intracranial artery stenosis in patients with 3-vessel coronary artery disease.DESIGN: An observational study.SETTING: Department of Neurology; Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: From August 2003 to August 2004, The coronary angiography was performed in the outpatients and inpatients suspected to be coronary arteriosclerotic cardiopathy in the Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, and 126 patients of them with 3-vessel diseases were examined with carotid arteriography, including 56 males and 70 females, 47-76 years of age. Informed contents were obtained from all the participants.METHODS: Digital substraction angiography (DSA) was performed immediately after coronary angiography in the 126patients. All catheterizations were performed through a transfemoral approach using the Seldinger technique, and thenan appropriate amount of nonionic Ominipaque was injected. The angiography of bilateral carotid arteries, subclavian artery, or vertebral artery was taken from different angles. The percentage of stenosis was calculated directly from DSAmachine. Evaluative standards: Based on the stenosis degree from carotid angiography results, the patients were divided into 5 categories as normal, mild stenosis, moderate stenosis, severe stenosis and complete occlusion.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Severity of carotid stenosis.RESULTS: All the 126 patients were involved in the final analysis of results. There were 13 (10.32%), 18 (14.29%), 12(9.5%), or 10 (7.9%) patients found to have mild, moderate, severe carotid stenosis, or complete occlusion, and the incidences of these changes were fairly similar. However, the incidence of angiographic carotid stenosis coupled with 3-vessel carotid artery disease was 42.06%.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of carotid stenosis in patients with 3-vessel carotid artery disease was as high in the Chinese population as that in Westem countries. In patients with 3-vessel disease, the prevalence of carotid stenosis was higher than that of intracranial artery stenosis, thus they may require both coronary and carotid interventions.

OBJECTIVE: To explore strategies of prenatal genetic testing for fetuses featuring abnormal skeletal development. METHODS: Clinical data of 17 fetuses with skeletal dysplasia was collected. The results of genetic testing and outcome of pregnancy were analyzed. RESULTS: For 12 fetuses, the femur-to-foot length ratio was less than 0.9. Thirteen fetuses had a positive finding by genetic testing. One fetus was diagnosed with chromosomal aneuploidy, three were diagnosed with microdeletion/microduplications, and nine were diagnosed with hereditary bone diseases due to pathological variants of FGFR3, COL1A2, GPX4 or ALPL genes. CONCLUSION For fetuses with skeletal dysplasia characterized by short femur, in addition to chromosomal karyotyping and microarray analysis, sequencing of FGFR3 and other bone disease-related genes can improve the diagnostic rate.
Bone Diseases, Developmental/genetics* ; Female ; Fetus/diagnostic imaging* ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/genetics* ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Objective: To investigate the action and antioxidant effects of CB2 agonist AM-1241 on rat hepatic stellate cell line (HSC-T6). Methods: HSC-T6 was randomly divided into four groups: control group, oxidative stress group, AM-1241 intervention group and AM-1241+AM-630 antagonist group. Survival rate of HSC-T6 was detected by thiazolyl blue assay under 24 h interventions with 0, 20, 50, 80 μmol/L AM-1241 and 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 μmol/L AM-630, respectively. Besides control group, the remaining groups were well cultured in low-glucose DMEM containing 100 mU/L glucose oxidase (GO) for 12 h to prepare the oxidative stress model. Then, AM-1241 intervention group was treated with 50 μmol/L low-glucose DMEM medium. After incubation for 12 h, the AM-1241+AM-630 antagonist group was treated with CB2 antagonist AM-630 (20 μmol/L) for 2 h, and cultured with 50 μmol/L AM-1241 in complete low-glucose medium for 12 h. The optimal drug concentration was selected according to the cell viability considered by the experiment results. Type III collagen (C III) content in the HSC-T6 supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Glutathione (GSH) content in HSC-T6 was detected by spectrophotometry. CB2 and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) in each group of HSC-T6 were detected by western blotting. Results: HSC-T6 proliferation was inhibited in each group of AM-1241 in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The inhibition was highest at 80μmol/L, and the cell survival rate was (41.61% ± 3.13%) (P < 0.05). AM-630 concentration group had no significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HSC-T6 (P > 0.05). HSC-T6 expressed CB2 receptor in each group. The expression level of CB2 in the AM-1241 intervention group was higher compare with control group (P < 0.05).The expression of Col III were significantly higher in oxidative stress group (P < 0.05) than in control group, and the expression of Col III of AM-1241 intervention group was significantly lower than that in oxidative stress group (P < 0.05). Col III level in AM-1241+AM-630 antagonistic group was significantly higher than that in AM-1241 intervention group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between AM-1241+AM-630 antagonistic group and oxidative stress group (P > 0.05). The content of GSH and HO-1 in oxidative stress group was higher (P < 0.05) than control group. The content of GSH and HO-1 in the AM-1241 intervention group was higher compared with oxidative stress group, while content of AM-1241 + AM-630 antagonist group was lower compared to AM-1241 intervention group (P < 0.05), and the differences were not statistically significant for oxidative stress group. Conclusion CB2 agonist AM-1241 can inhibit the proliferation and activation of HSC-T6 and its mechanism may activate the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 binding to HSC-T6, initiating the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and GSH protein expression, and thus increase the antioxidant effect of HSC-T6.

Objective:To analyze the clinical phynotypes of fetuses with 22q11.2 microduplications.Method:Eleven fetuses were diagnosed with 22q11.2 microduplications among 2 969 cases who underwent prenatal chromosomal microarray analysis from January 2016 to February 2020. The phenotypes, indications for invasive prenatal diagnosis, genetic results, pregnancy outcomes and postnatal clinical presentation were analyzed.Results:There were 6 cases diagnosed with classic 3.0 Mb microduplication (DiGeorge and velocardiofacial syndromes, DGS/VCFS) in the 22q11.2, 1 case with 1.5 Mb proximal microduplication and 4 cases with distal small segment microduplication (E-H). Out of 11 fetuses with 22q11.2 microduplications,7 cases were inherited, 2 cases was de novo and data were not available for 2 cases. Vicular septal defect and anencephalu were diagnosed by ultrasonography in 2 cases,fetal growth restriction was diagnosed in 2 cases,no any abnormalities were found in remaining 7 cases. Seven cases(3 cases of classic 3.0 Mb microduplication, 1 case of proximal microduplication and 3 cases of distal small segment microduplication) were delivered at full-term;and pregnancy was terminated in 4 cases. Seven infants were followed up after birth, 4 infants were normal, 3 showed abnormal phenotypes.Conclusion:The clinical phenotypes after birth of fetuses with 22q11.2 microduplication are diverse. Prenatal genetic counseling is necessary,so that pregnant women and their families can fully understand the possible clinical phenotypes and make informed choices.

Objective To analyze the impact of dual energy monochromatic reconstructions (50-160 keV) on coronary calcified plaque stenosis quantification in a cardiac phantom with the real stenosis as standard of reference.Methods Signal-to-noise(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratios(CNR)were calculated. In conventional 120 kV coronary CT angiography (CCTA) images as well as 12 monochromatic series(50-160 keV),luminal narrowing of calcified plaque was measured and compared to the real stenosis. Bland-Altman plots were performed to analyze the correlation of reference standard with conventional 120 kV and 12 monochromatic series (50-160 keV). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CCTA for detection of≥50% stenosis were calculated and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was analyzed with the real stenosis as reference standard.Results The SNR and CNR were decreased with the increase of keV from 70 keV.The SNR and CNR of monochromatic imaging were lower compared with conventional 120 kV images(SNR:76.4±16.1;CNR:274.7±54.1)(P<0.05).The Bland-Altman plots presented a smaller measurement bias towards 90-160 keV than conventional 120 kV, and smallest measurement bias was revealed in 100-130 keV imaging(100-130 keV:bias 17.2% vs 120 kV:21.4%).Using the stenosis≥50% as cut-off value, the specificity were higher in the monochromatic series (70-160 keV) than conventional 120 kV CCTA.The specificity(75.0%)were the highest in the 120 keV and 130 keV images.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of 90-130 keV(0.991-0.995)was higher than that in conventional 120 kV imaging (0.990). Conclusions The use of monochromatic imaging improves the overall accuracy of stenosis evaluation in coronary calcified plaques. Reconstructions at 100-130 keV for calcified lesions yielded the optimal results.

Objective To investigate the pathogenic distribution characteristics and drug resistance of opportunistic Candida in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Methods 3 012 hospitalized cases of pulmonary tuberculosis at Qinghai Province Fourth People’s Hospital from March 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 were analyzed, sputum samples were collected, Candida identification was carried by VITEK-32-YBC automatic bacterial analysis system, and the detected Candida was tested for drug sensitivity. Results Among the 3 012 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in this investigation, 283 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with Candida infection, accounting for 9.40%. Among them, Candida albicans was the main type of Candida, accounting for 79.86% of the total. Conclusion The prevalence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with Candida infection was high in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Therefore, the selection of antimicrobial drugs should be based on a comprehensive analysis of the patient's condition, in order to select the best and most effective drugs for treatment.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of combining simultaneous triple semicircular canal plugging (TSCP) and cochlear implantation (CI) to treat vertigo and hearing loss in advanced Meniere's disease(MD) patients, so as to provide an alternative surgical procedure for treating this disorder. Methods: Data from seven patients, who were referred to our hospital and diagnosed with unilateral MD strictly meeting the criteria issued by Chinese Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Committee (2006), from Jan. 2015 to Jan. 2016, were retrospectively analyzed in this work. Seven patients, in whom the standardized conservative treatment had been given for at least one year and frequent vertigo still occurred, underwent simultaneous TSCP and CI under general anesthesia via mastoid approach. Postoperative follow-up time was more than six months. Vertigo control and auditory function were measured. Pure tone audiometry, speech perception scores, caloric test, head impulse test (HIT), and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) were performed for evaluation of audiological and vestibular functions. Results: All patients had bilateral severe sensorineural hearing loss preoperatively. One side hearing loss was due to MD and another side was due to reasons including sudden sensorineural hearing loss, mumps and other unknown reason. The total control rate of vertigo in seven MD patients was 100.0% in the six-month follow-up, with complete control rate of 85.7% (6/7) and substantial control rate of 14.3% (1/7). Improved hearing threshold and speech perception scores were observed in all study participants. Postoperative average aided hearing threshold was 32.5 dBHL, the average monosyllabic word score was 42.6% and speech perception scores of sentences tested in quiet was 52.3%. Tinnitus improved in five cases, and no significant change in two patients. Post-operatively, all patients suffered from temporary vertigo and balance disorders. Vertigo was disappeared in all patients within 3-5 days, while, an average recovery time of balance disorders was 19.7 days. Six months after treatment, loss of semicircular canal function by caloric test was found in the operation side of all patients and no change in cVEMP or oVEMP test was noted. All patients had no facial paralysis, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and other complications. Conclusions A combined approach of TSCP and CI which could control vertigo effectively and improve hearing loss and tinnitus represents an effective and safe therapy for some advanced MD patients.