Objective To summarize the experience of nursing cancer patients with anal fistula treated with blood stem cells transplantation (BSCT). Method 8 critical cancer patients with anal fistula treated with BSCT from August 2013 to November 2014 were intervened by nursing measures such as prevention of constipation and diarrhea , protecting the anus from infection and health education . Results Two patients of them contracted with mild crissum infection , 1 moderate , 0 severe . With the pertinent nursing intervention , no serious complications occurred . The hospital stay was 20~30 d , with an average of ( 24 . 75 ± 2 . 30 ) . Conclusion The nursing measures including preventing constipation and diarrhea, keeping the anus from infection and health education can be effective in avoiding anal fistula infection and its related complications and reducing patients′pain , which are worth clinical promotion .