Objective To explore the risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) intrauterine infection to provide a scientific ev idence for itsprevention.Methods Three hundred and twelve pregnant women of HBsAg positive screened from April 2013 to May 2015 served as the research subjects and were followed up until 6 months after birth.The infantile mothers of HBsAg and/or HBV DNA positive were selected as the intrauterine infection case group,while other mothers served as the control group.The Logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the risk factors for intrauterine HBV infection.The questionnaire survey method was used to collect the basic data and time-resolved immunofluorescence assay was used to detect HBsAg.PCR was adopted to measure level of HBV DNA and automatic biochemistry analyzer was used to measure the hepatic functional parameters including ALT,AST,triglyceride and cholesterol.Results The single factor analysis results indicated that HBeAg,HBV DNA,contamination of amniotic fluid and sexual behavior during pregnancy were related to HBV intrauterine infection(P＜0.05).The multiple variate Logistic regression results showed that positive HBeAg(OR=2.76,95 ％ CI=1.19-7.94),positive HBV DNA(OR=9.62,95 ％ CI=2.58-35.33),and sexual behaviors during pregnancy (OR =1.53,95 ％ CI =1.07-6.40) were the risk factors for intrauterine HBV infection.Conclusion Pregnant women with positive HBeAg,positive HBV DNA and sexual behavior during pregnancy may be the high risk factors for neonatal intrauterine HBV infection.

By virtue of computational fluid dynamics and the fundamental principles of hemodynamics, this paper gives numerical simulations and analyses of blood flow in the human thoracic aorta. The distributive features of velocity and pressure of the blood flow are obtained with the use of initial parabolic pulsatile blood flow. The numerical results show that, due to the angularity of thoracic aorta and due to the branch arteries, the distributions of velocity and pressure display marked difference, especially for the horizontal velocity, in the thoracic aorta connecting with the second and third branch artery, which indicate the place where thoracic aortic dissection often happens.
Aneurysm, Dissecting ; physiopathology ; Aorta, Thoracic ; physiology ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; physiopathology ; Blood Flow Velocity ; physiology ; Blood Viscosity ; Computer Simulation ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Pulsatile Flow

Objective To investigate the function and mechanism of miR-149 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods The expression of miR-149 was examined by real-time PCR and calculated by 2-△△Ct method. The cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay. The cell migration and invasion were shown by the wound healing assay and transwell migration assay, and the expression of E-cadherin was detected by Western blot. Results The expression of miR-149 was higher in NPC cell lines 5-8F and 6-10B than that in normal immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial NP69. MTT assay showed that miR-149 promoted the proliferation of NPC cell lines. The wound healing assay showed miR-149 promoted the mobility and invasion of NPC cell lines. Inhibition of miR-149 reduced the ability of NPC cell lines to proliferate and invade. miR-149 downregulated the expression of E-cadherin, whereas antagomir which mediated knockdown of miR-149 significantly upregulated the expression of E-cadherin. Conclusion miR-149 might be involved in the invasion and metastasis of NPC through regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Objective:To investigate the correlation between amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) values and Ki-67 labeling index of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:From October 2017 to December 2018, 24 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma [International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ] were prospectively enrolled in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and underwent pelvic morphological MRI on a 3.0 T MR scanner, including three-dimensional turbo-spin-echo APTw imaging and DWI. The maximum diameters of the lesions, APTw values and ADC values on the slice with the maximum diameter of the lesion were independently measured by two radiologists. The ICC was computed to evaluate the inter-observer consistency. Ki-67 immunohistochemical expression status was assessed by one pathologist. The Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the APTw values, maximum diameters, ADC values and Ki-67 labeling index.Results:The APTw values of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were (2.9±0.5)%. Inter-observer ICC was 0.972 (95%CI 0.937-0.988). The APTw values were positively moderately correlated with Ki-67 labeling index [(61.9±18.7)%, r=0.532, P=0.008]. The maximum diameters of the lesions were (28.7±10.6) mm. The mean ADC values were (0.998±0.217)×10 -3 mm 2/s. No correlations were found between maximum diameters, ADC values and Ki-67 labeling index ( r=0.038, P=0.859; r=0.238, P=0.263). Conclusion:APTw values can partially reveal the proliferation status of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the application value of pH sensitive manganese-loaded caramelized carbonaceous nanospheres (Mn-CNS) in the synchronous MRI and photothermal therapy for breast cancer. Methods Anhydrous glucose was used as carbon source to prepare caramelized carbonaceous nanospheres(CNS).Mn2 +was absorbed and bonded to its surface to obtain the Mn-CNS.The MR signal values of aqueous solutions of Mn-CNS under different pH(pH=7.4,6.0,5.0)with different Mn2+concentrations(0,0.14,0.28,0.57,1.14 and 2.28 mmol/L)were measured to obtain the relaxation rate.The cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was used to determine the effect of Mn-CNS on the viability of 4T1 cells. Pathological examination was used to evaluate the systemic toxicity. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze Mn uptake by different cell lines (human breast cancer cells MCF-7, human normal mammary epithelial cells MCF-10A and human macrophages cells). The 4T1 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice were divided randomly into four groups (6 mice per group): (1) normal saline (intratumoral injection)plus near infrared laser(NIR);(2)normal saline(intravenous injection)plus NIR;(3) Mn-CNS(intratumoral injection)plus NIR;(4)Mn-CNS(intravenous injection)plus NIR.After intratumoral injection for 30 min and intravenous injection for 12 h,the tumors were continuously irradiated with 808 nm laser for 10 min,the temperature changes and relative tumor volume were recorded.The MRI was obtained at different time point(pre-injection and post-injection at 15 min,30 min,1 h,4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,4 d, respectively)with the dose of Mn-CNS(4 mg Mn/kg)by intravenous injection.The changes of Mn2+content before and after Mn-CNS incubation and the tumor volume differences among each group were compared by t test.Results The values of r1were 0.18 L·mmol-1·s-1(pH 5.0),3.48 L·mmol-1·s-1(pH 6.0)and 5.42 L· mmol- 1·s- 1(pH 7.4), respectively. The cells viability of 4T1 were all above 90 % when the cells were incubated with Mn-CNS at different concentrations (25, 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml). MCF-7 and human macrophages cells were ingested Mn2+.The Mn2+amount before and after uptake were significant difference(P<0.05).The MCF-10A had a slight uptake of Mn2+which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).After 10 minutes of the laser exposure (2 w/cm2), the change of temperature with tumor among different groups were shown as follow:Mn-CNS(intratumoral injection)>Mn-CNS(intravenous injection)>normal saline(intravenous injection)>normal saline (intratumoral injection). After photothermal therapy, the relative tumor volumes of Mn-CNS (intratumoral injection)and normal saline(intratumoral injection)were statistically different(t=-2.724,P<0.05). Meanwhile,the relative tumor volumes also showsd significant difference among Mn-CNS(intravenous injection) and normal saline (inject intravenous injection) groups (t=-5.193,P<0.05). After intravenous injection of Mn-CNS in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, the signal intensity of T1gradually increased and reached the peak of enhancement at 4 h after which the signal intensity remained stable and decreased slightly at 12 h,then gradually decreased to normal. The T1signal intensity of kidney was consistent with that of the tumor and higher. Meanwhile, the degree of liver tissue enhancement was the lowest. Conclusions Mn-CNS is highly biocompatible and self-degradable,it can targeted MRI and achieve precise photothermal therapy simultaneously, which is of great value in the integrated diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Objective: To compare the biomechanical performance between the single- versus double-threaded cannulated screws in the treatment of femoral neck fractures of Pauwels type Ⅲ. Methods: Models of femoral neck fracture of Pauwels type Ⅲ (70°) were made of the Sawbone synthetic composite femurs. All specimens were divided into 2 groups (n=12). Group A was fixated with single-threaded cannulated screws and group B with double-threaded cannulated screws, both in an inverted triangle configuration. The screws ranged from 90 to 95 mm in length and from 7.3 to 7.5 mm in diameter. All the specimens were subjected to axial stiffness and failure load tests with 7° valgus (simulating normal two-legged weight-bearing stance) and 25° valgus (simulating normal one-legged weight-bearing stance) and torsion test as well. The 2 groups were compared in the torques at axial stiffness angles of 1°, 2°, 3°, 5° and 7°. Results: Group B had significantly greater axial stiffness at 7° valgus and 25° valgus (89±26 N/mm and 128±37 N/mm) and failure load (1,154±368 N) than group A did (36±12 N/mm and 47±16 N/mm; 688±94 N) (P< 0.05). The torques increased with the increase in rotation angle in both groups. However, the torques in group B (3.26±0.96, 4.16±1.23, 4.64±1.13, 5.59±1.26 and 6.53±1.47 N·m) were all significantly larger than in group A (1.44±0.19, 2.03±0.41, 2.33±0.62, 2.74±0.87 and 3.05±1.07 N·m) (P<0.05). Conclusion Double-threaded cannulated screws may provide better biomechanical stability than single-threaded ones, due to their substantial improvement in anti-compression and anti-rotation performance.

Objective To investigate the differences of CT features for different subtypes of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs).Methods CT imaging data of 41 patients with PNETs and 5 patients of lung cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively,and the differences in CT features among pathological subtypes were explored. Results Among the pathological subtypes of 41 PNETs,the statistical differences in the CT features including vascular invasion,the metastatic lymphadenopathy in the hilus and mediastinum were found(P<0.05).However,no differences were found in other imaging findings (lesion location,spiculation,bronchial invasion,atelectasis and obstructive pneumonia,and pleural effusion or thickening)among the subtypes (P>0.05).Among those subtypes PNETs and lung cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation,the differences in tumor size,vascular invasion,and metastatic lymphadenopathy in the hilus and mediastinum were also found (P<0.05).However,no differences were found in other imaging findings (P>0.05).In addition,there were differences in tumor size among different enhancement types and different metastastic presences in the lung or outside of the chest (P<0.05).Conclusion CT shows certain differences among the different subtypes of PNETs,which may be helpful for the differential diagnosis but not specific.

This paper was aimed to study the effect of Qing-Chang Wen-Zhong (QCWZ) decoction on interferon gamma induced protein 10 (IP10) in colon tissues of rats with ulcerative colitis (UC).The UC model was induced using 4.5％ DSS added to distilled water for 7 days.At the same time,low-,medium-and high-dose of QCWZ decoction and mesalazine was given by gavage route daily.Then,the rats were killed and the colon tissues were taken.Expression level of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α),IL-1β,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (INF-γ) in colon were detected by Elisa assay.The expression and distribution of IP10 protein were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC).The results showed that compared with the normal group,inflammatory factors (IL-1α,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,INF-γ) and IP10 expression level in DSS-induced UC rats were significantly increased.After 7 days of intervention,inflammatory factors (IL-1α,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,INF-γ) and IP10 decreased significantly (p＜0.01,p＜0.05).It was concluded that QCWZ decoction may down-regulate the expression of IP 10 and inflammatory factors (IL-1α,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,INF-γ),and then inhibit intestinal inflammation and repair intestinal mucosal damage,so as to achieve the purpose of UC treatment.

Objective To test the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus from children with impetigo,and to assess the differences in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA profiles between sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.Methods Secretion specimens were obtained from the impetiginous lesions of 178 children,and subjected to bacterial culture.The susceptibility of 162 Staphylococcus aureus isolates against 21 antibiotics was tested.Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA PCR(RAPD-PCR)was performed to characterize the genotype of Staphylococcus aureus.Results Totally,180 bacterial strains were isolated from 178 children with impetigo in Chengdu,including 162(90.00％)Staphylococcus aureus strains.Of the 162 Staphylococcus aureus strains,148 were methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA),14 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).The most active antibiotic was minocycline,followed by teicoplanin,quinupristin,vancomycin and nitrofurantoin,while the resistance rate to penicillin was highest,followed by that to erythromycin,clindamycin,compound sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline.All the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were sensitive to fusidic acid,nitrofurantoin,vancomycin,minocycline and teicoplanin.According to RAPD-PCR,the 162 Staphylococcus aureus strains were divided into 8 genotypes,with the three most prevalent genotypes being Ⅲ(31.48％),Ⅱ(26.54％)and Ⅵ(25.93％),which accounted for 65.43％(106/162)in all the strains.The 148 MSSA strains fell into 8 genotypes,with genotype Ⅲ(50 strains,33.78％),Ⅵ(39 strains,26.35％)and Ⅱ(33 strains,22.30％)being the most prevalent genotypes;the 14 MRSA strains fell into 3 genotypes,i.e.,genotype Ⅱ(10 strains,71.43％),Ⅵ(3 strains,21.43％),and Ⅲ(1 strain,7.14％).Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus is the most prevalent pathogenic bacteria in children with impetigo in Chengdu area,which is highly sensitive to minocycline,teicoplanin and quinupristin,and falls into 8 genotypes according to RAPD-PCR with genotype Ⅲ being the most common genotype.

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of Yishen tongluo formula （YSTLF） in improving abnormal lipid metabolism based on the sterol regulatory element binding proteins （SREBPs） pathway. METHODS Using C57BLKS/J （db/db） mice as model and C57BLKS/J （db/m） mice as normal control， the mechanism of 1， 2.5 and 5 g/kg YSTLF improving abnormal lipid metabolism of db/db mice was investigated by determining the liver coefficient， the contents of serum total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， low-density lipoprotein （LDL） and high-density lipoprotein （HDL）， observing steatosis and lipid accumulation in liver tissue of mice， detecting the protein expressions of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 as well as mRNA transcription levels of Srebp- 1c， Srebp-2 and their downstream lipid metabolism-related target genes （Fasn， Acc1， Scd5， Fads1， Hmgcr， Dhcr24， Insig-1， Fdps） in liver tissue of mice. Using low-fat cultured human liver cancer cell HepG2 as an in vitro cell model for abnormal lipid metabolism， and 25-HC （SREBPs inhibitor， 10 μmol/L） as the control， the effects of 125， 250 and 500 μg/mL YSTLF on protein expressions of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 as well as mRNA transcription of SREBP-1c， SREBP-2 and their downstream lipid metabolism-related target genes were investigated to verify the mechanism in vitro. RESULTS 1， 2.5， 5 g/kg YSTLF significantly reduced the levels of TC， TG and LDL， the percentage of lipid droplet-positive region in liver tissue and liver coefficient， significantly down-regulated protein expressions of Pre-SREBP-1， n-SREBP-1， Pre-SREBP-2 and n-SREBP-2， and mRNA transcription of Srebp-1c， Srebp-2 and their downstream target genes in liver tissue， while significantly increased HDL level， with statistical significance （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. In the cell experiment in vitro， the expressions of the above-mentioned proteins and genes in the cells treated with YSTLF at 125， 250 and 500 μg/mL for 24 hours were consistent with those in the animal experiment； there was no significant difference in the expressions of the above-mentioned proteins and genes between inhibitor control group and 250， 500 μg/mL YSTLF groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS YSTLF can regulate the expression of transcription factor SREBPs， so as to inhibit the high expression of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis-related genes， promote the degradation of TC and TG， improve the abnormality of lipid metabolism and inhibit lipid accumulation， thus playing the role of lipid-lowering.