The bioactive principles contained in blueberries (Vaccinium) are various kind of anthocyanins (anthocyanidins, or phenolic aglycone, conjugated with sugar), chlorogenic acid, flavonids, alpha-linolenic acid, pterostilbene, resveratrol, and vitamins. After oral administration, anthocyanins can pass through blood-brain barrier and thus appear in various organs and brain. Improve visual function by increasing rhodopsin regeneration and ocular health is the earliest reported bioactivities of anthocyanin. Recent studies demonstrated the benefit of blueberries to prevent the age-related chronic diseases such as cancer, diabeties, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, neurodegeneration, obesity, and osteoporosis through its apoptosis, antioxidant, antiinflammation, and antiangiogenesis effects. Blueberries can eradicate microorganisms for the prevention of symptomatic urinary tract infections in women. Thus, blueberries are recognized as one of the most nutritious foods and cultivated worldwide. However, how to prolong the shelving time of fresh fruit, well utilize the leaf and stem to isolate the bioactive chemicals, improve quality consistency of juicy and dry products, all should be further concerned.

Objective To report a new approach of splenic hilar lymph nodes dissection in radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods 193 cases of gastric cancer patient receiving radical resection of gastric cancer between May 2008 and October 2008 were studied. The tail and body of spleen and pancreas were thoroughly freed with retroperitoneal way retrogressively and extruded out of abdominal cavity in 80 cases. The other 113 cases received operation with routine way. Results In 80 cases who received operation with retroperitoneal approach retrogressively, the total splenic hilar lymph nodes were 519, the positive ones were 65, the positive rate was 12.5 %; In the other 113 cases the total splenic hilar lymph nodes were 565, the positive ones were 58, the positive rate was 10.3 %. The positive rate had statistic significance between these two groups. Conclusion Extruded splenic hilar lymph nodes dissection with retroperitoneal approach retrogressively is safe and has the same effect with splenectomy in gastric cancer operation.

Two hundred and twenty five children aged 4-12 years with phimosis were treated by flexible dilatation combined with topical betamethasone cream from January 2003 to January 2015.Two hundred and eight cases (92.44％) were completely cured and penile edema and urination were returned to normal 7 d after a single operation;while,17 children received 2-3 additional flexible expansion.During follow-up of 2-24 months,221 children achieved the cure standards with an overall cure rate of 98.22％.Flexible dilatation combined with topical betamethasone cream is effective modality for phimosis in children,with less surgical trauma and low complication rate.

Objective To learn the suitability and validity of readmission service at counties and townships in rural China.Methods Seven pilot counties were randomly selected from the eastern,middle and western areas of China,and five diseases of the respiratory infection and cerebral system were set as the targets,while 600 target inpatient readmitted who had any of the five target diseases from 2012 to 2013 in such counties were selected from the NRCMS database.With expert consultation and empirical evaluation,the fitness of the days of stay at township hospital and necessity of hospitalization at county hospitals were evaluated for such target inpatients.Results 64.7％ of the target inpatients were found with unfit days of stay at township hospitals,mostly too short;59.0％ of the target inpatients' hospitalization at county hospitals were found with serious risk factors during their hospitalization;18.5％ of the inpatients were found with unnecessary hospitalization.Conclusions Hierarchical medical system can enhance the efficiency of the heahhcare system,but the current validity of readmission is poor,so is the fitness of days of stay at township hospitals,and the quality of the referral pattern.These problems mostly result from poor medical competence at township hospitals and high autonomy of patients in seeking medical service anywhere in the country.

Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic resection of tumors originated from gastric fundus muscularis propria.Methods Data of 53 patients with tumors originated from gastric fundus muscularis propria detected by endoscopic ultrasonograpy,treated by endoscopic resection and followed up at our hospital between January 2012 and June 2014 were reviewed.The postoperative pathology and complications were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety.Results The procedure was successfully performed on all patients and all lesions were removed in one procedure.The lesion size ranged from 0.5 to 4.5 cm and the operation time was 25-155 min[mean(46.7 ±18.2)min].Mild bleeding (5 ~150 ml)occurred in all cases,which was successfully managed by argon plasma coagulation,hot biopsy probe or endoclip.Perforation occurred in 8 patients(8 /53),seven of whom were closed with titanium clips and titanium clips combined with nylon cord.Laparoscopic intervention was applied to 1 case because of severe perforation.Gastrointestinal decompression,acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics were performed on all cases.No severe hemorrhage occurred.The average length of hospitalization was (5.3 ± 1.4)days(3-14 d).Pathology confirmed 46 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and 7 cases of leiomyoma. The patients were followed up for 3 to 27 months,and no tumor residue or recurrence was observed. Conclusion Endoscopic resection is a method not only to get the accurate pathologic diagnosis but also to meet principle of the local resection for stomach.It is safe,effective and worthy of recommendation.

Objective To investigate the design and clinical result of the modified medial fasciocutaneous flap of lower leg in the different zonation. Methods The length of lower leg was divided into three zonations equally.According to the different zonation of the fasciocutaneous flap,the 45 patients were divided into three groups from Jan.2005 to Feb.2008.The defects of the patients were repaired with the flaps.The sizes of the flaps ranged from 5 cm×3 cm to 25 cm×10 cm.Results The flaps survived completely in 43 cases.The distal sides of flaps necrosed partially in 2 cases in the upper third of the lower leg.The necrosed part of the flap was repaired after the change dressings.The colour and texture of flaps were excellent,the appearance and function were satisfactory after a follow up of 4-20 months.Conclusion The modified medial fasciocutaneous flap of the lower leg is easy to design and dissect,blood supply is reliable without sacrifice of the major arteries.The flap can be used according to the different location of the fascia pedicel.It is the idea flap to repair the soft tissue defects of the front of knee joint,the leg,the ankle and the foot.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of delayed skin grafting combined traction in severe joint cicatricial contracture.

METHODSAt the first stage, the joint cicatricial contracture was released completely with protection of vessels, nerves and tendons. The wound was covered with allogenetic skin or biomaterials. After skin traction for 7-14 days, the joint could reach the extension position. Then the skin graft was performed on the wound. 25 cases were treated from Mar. 2000 to May. 2013.

RESULTSPrimary healing was achieved at the second stage in all the cases. The skin graft had a satisfactory color and elasticity. Joint function was normal. All the patients were followed up for 3 months to 11 years with no hypertrophic scar and contraction relapse, except for one case who didn' t have enough active exercise on shoulder joint.

CONCLUSIONDelayed skin grafting combined traction can effectively increase the skin graft survival rate and improve the joint function recovery.

Biocompatible Materials ; therapeutic use ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Contracture ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Recovery of Function ; Recurrence ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Tendons ; Traction ; methods ; Wound Healing

This paper is to report the study of the pharmacokinetics of a fusion protein TAT-haFGF(14-154) for human acidic fibroblast growth factor and transcriptional activator protein in rat plasma, and the investigation of their penetration across blood-brain barrier in mice and rats, in order to provide a basis for clinical development and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine concentration of TAT-haFGF(14-154) in rat plasma and in mouse brain homogenate; and immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the distribution in brain. The concentration-time curve fitted two-compartment open model which was linear kinetics elimination after a single intravenous injection of TAT-haFGF(14-154) in rat at the dose of 300 microg x kg(-1). The half life time was 0.049 +/- 0.03 h for distribution phase and 0.55 +/- 0.05 h for elimination phase, and the weight was 1/C2. The result showed that TAT-haFGF(14-154) could be detected in the brain by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, the elimination of TAT-haFGF(14-154) in rat was swift, and TAT-haFGF(14-154) could penetrate across the blood-brain barrier, distribute in pallium and hippocampus and locate in the nucleus.

Objective To explore statin dosages for targeting goal of LDL-C lowering on the basis of stroke risk stratification and the dosage-effective relation of statin and LDL-C lowering in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods This is a prospective and open clinical trial patients with ischemic stroke/TIA within 6 months were enrolled and the dosages of atorvastatin were calculated based on risk stratification according to "Chinese Consensus for Prevention of Ischemic Stroke/TIA with Statin" (Chinese Consensus).A dose of 10 mg of atorvastatin daily to target LDL-C goal was takenas the standard dosage targeting goal (SDTG).Patients taking this dosage of atorvastatin constituted a SDTG group.Those who needed a daily dose of 20 mg or more of atorvastatin were randomized into an intensive dosage targeting goal (IDTG) group ( atorvastatin 20-80 mg/d) and a standard dosage non-targeting goal (SDNTG) group (atorvastatin 10 mg/d without targeting goal).All patients took atorvastatin for 12 weeks.The primary outcome was the rate of targeting goal for LDL-C lowering at 2,4 and 12 weeks,respectively and the secondary outcome was the occurence of recurrent stroke and other vascular events within 12 weeks.The main safety endpoint was serial adverse events including symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.Results Altogether 102 cases were enrolled and 99 cases were followed up for 12 weeks.According to the Chinese Consensus,the rate of high risk,very high risk- Ⅰ and very high risk- Ⅱ was 44% ,28% and 28%,respectively.Targeting rate for LDL-C lowering was 77% -85% at each time point in the SDTG and IDTG groups ,being significantly higher than those in the SDNTG group ( 12% -16%,P < 0.01 ).No significant difference was found concerning the occurrence of recurrent stroke,other vascular events and safety endpoints among the three groups.The amplitude of LDL-C lowering was 32%-35% ,46%-49% ,51%-52% and 60%-65% with corresponding to daily dosage of 10 mg,20 mg,d0 mg and 80 mg atorvastatin.Conclusions At least more than half of the patients after iscbemic stroke/TIA need intensive statin therapy to target the LDL-C lowering goal.The dosage- effective relation of atorvastatin and LDL-C lowering in Chinese is similar to the reported data in other races.