Objective:To explore the application feasibility of modified sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for acral malignant melanoma.Methods:The data of 60 patients with acral malignant melanoma in the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2017 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection method, they were divided into observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). The observation group used contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with subcutaneous injection of methylene blue around the wrist or ankle joint to detect SLN; the control group used peritumoral injection of methylene blue to detect SLN. The patients were regularly followed up to evaluate the postoperative effect. The detection number, detection rate, sensitivity, false negative rate and the size of SLN were compared between the two groups.Results:In the observation group, the detection rate of SLN was 100.0% (30/30), the sensitivity was 87.5% (7/8), and the false negative rate was 3.3% (1/30); in the control group, the detection rate of SLN was 83.3% (25/30), the sensitivity was 62.5% (5/8), and the false negative rate was 12.0% (3/25); the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The number of SLN detected in the observation group (3.5±1.2) was significantly more than that in the control group (2.0±1.1), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 7.121, P < 0.05). The minimum long-axis diameter of SLN detected in the observation group was (5.4±2.2) mm (range, 1.5-12.3 mm), and that in the control group was (11.8±5.4) mm (range, 10.0-16.8 mm), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t = 6.353, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The modified SLNB for acral malignant melanoma has a higher application value in the detection of acral SLN than the peritumoral injection method, and a higher accuracy rate can be obtained.

Objective:The characteristics of lymph node metastasis were investigated to guide the range of lymph node dissection during the radical operation of distal gastric cancer. Methods:The clinical data of 773 patients with distal gastric cancer who under-went radical distal subtotal gastrectomy at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between February 2010 and September 2014 were reviewed and analyzed to infer the potential clinical mechanisms of lymph node metastasis. Results:Among the included patients, 423 (54.72%) had lymph node metastasis. The proportion of metastasis in the patients from the highest to the lowest rate was observed in group NO. 6, 3, 4sb, and 5 lymph nodes. The metastasis rates of the N1 lymph nodes from the highest to the low-est were observed in group NO. 3, 6, 5, and 4d lymph nodes, whereas those of the N2 lymph nodes occurred in group NO. 8a, 7, and 1 lymph nodes. Group NO. 8a lymph node with skipped metastasis was observed in 50.68%of the patients. Conclusion:During radical distal gastric cancer surgery, attention should be given to the possibility of metastasis in group NO. 8a lymph node. Appropriate exten-sion of the lymph node dissection should be conducted when necessary.

Objective To evaluate the values of gastrin‐releasing peptide (pro‐GRP) and neuronspecific enolase (NSE) in differ‐ential diagnosing of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) .Methods Serum samples from 120 SCLC patients ,130 non‐small cell lung canc‐er (NSCLC) ,80 Patients with benign lung disease and 90 healthy donors were collected to detect the level of pro‐GRP and NSE .All data were analyzed by SPSS13 .0 and then we analyzed the serum level and positive rates of the two tumor markers .ROC was gener‐ated by GraphPad Prism 5 .Results The expression level of pro‐GRP and NSE in SCLC group were significant higher than NSCLC group、benign lung disease group and healthy donors group (P<0 .05) .The positive rates of pro‐GRP in SCLC were higher than the other three groups (P<0 .05) .However ,there had no significant difference between SCLC group and NSCLC group in the posi‐tive rates of NSE(P>0 .05) .ROC area under curve of pro‐GRP ,NSE and both were 0 .890 ,0 .810 and 0 .915 ,separately .Conclusion The tumor biomarker of NSE could only identify of benign and malignant lung diseases ,but can not identify the type of lung canc‐er including SCLC and NSCLC ;Nonetheless the tumor biomarker of pro‐GRP could not only identify benign and malignant lung dis‐eases ,but also identify the pathological type of SCLC and NSCLC ;Combined determination of pro‐GRP and NSE had significant values for the differential diagnosis of SCLC .

Objective:To explore the differences in bacterial community structure between proximal colon cancer (PC), distal colon cancer (DC), and rectal cancer (RC), and the values of featured microbiota in differentiating PC with tumor markers.Methods:This case-control study enrolled 85 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients, including 22 PC, 15 DC and 48 RC patients, and 8 colorectal adenoma patients from May 2019 to July 2022 at the Department of General Surgery, Anyang Oncology Hospital. The blood and fecal samples were collected before surgery and then subjected to biochemical tests for tumor markers and 16S rDNA tests, respectively. SPSS (27.0.1) was applied to perform the t-test, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Chi-Squared Test. Also, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted on tumor markers and/or f_Bacteroidaceae with SPSS software .Results:All groups had significant differences in the CA125 ( F=3.543, P<0.05), CA72-4 ( F=3.596, P<0.05), and serum tumor-associated materials (TAM) levels ( F=5.787, P<0.01). In PC group, the levels of CA125 [PC vs RC, (36.84±6.30) kU/L vs (12.73±4.21) kU/L, P<0.01] and CA72-4 [PC vs RC, (45.56±10.86) kU/L vs (3.30±7.63) kU/L, P<0.01] were significantly higher than that of the RC group, while the level of TAM was remarkably elevated in PC group than in RC group [PC vs RC, (124.84±5.19) U/ml vs (102.44±3.63) U/ml, P<0.001] and CRA group [PC vs CRA, (124.84±5.19) U/ml vs (95.39±8.42) U/ml, P<0.01]. The LEfSe analysis showed that the featured microbiota in the PC group included f_Bacteroidaceae, f_Neisseriaceae, f_Clostridiaceae_1, f_Spirochaetaceae, and so on. The largest area under the ROC belonged to the combination of TAM and f_Bacteroidaceae, which reached 0.845 (95% CI 0.747-0.944), with sensitivity being 0.857 and specificity being 0.815. Conclusions:There is heterogeneity in gut microbiota composition among PC, DC, RC, and CRA. The combination of gut microbiota and tumor biomarkers demonstrated good differentiating effects in proximal colon cancers.

Objective To compare the immunopotentiating effects of polysaccharides extracted from wild/cultivate Cistanehe deserticola (WCDPS/CCDPS) in Xinjiang. Methods ICR mice were subcu-taneously injected twice with different doses(low,medium and high) of WCDPS and CCDPS in combination with ovalbumin (OVA). OVA-specific antibody IgG,as well as IgG1 and IgG2a subtypes, was determined by ELISA. OVA-specific lymphocyte proliferation was measured by MTT. Expression of CD4+T and CD8+T cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Both WCDPS and CCDPS could significantly improve the production of OVA-specific IgG,IgG1 and IgG2a,promote the proliferation of OVA-specific lymphocytes and increase the expression of CD4+T and CD8+T cells(all P<0.05) with no significant difference between them at the same dosages (P>0.05). WCDPS and CCDPS had no influence on the body weight of mice after im-munization. Conclusion WCDSP and CCDPS could significantly enhance the OVA-specific humoral and cellular immune responses with no statistical difference and are characterized by high safety.