Objective To study the correlations between DLN and clinical pathological factors and provide clinical data for assessing the operation scopes and prognostic evaluations aims at further clarify its clinical values.Methods The research aimed at the 69 cases who undertook first-time surgery and confirmed thyroid papillary carcinoma by intraoperative frozen pathology from 2013 to 2014 in Wannan Medical college affiliated Yijishan Hospital.The groups was divided by whether the DLN had been detected and metastasized.And we made chi-square test or t test by using SPSS 22.0 to analysis between the clinical and pathological factors.Results The groups was divided by whether DLN had been metastasized from the detected cases and the results shown that there was no relationship with gender,age,tumor size,Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the number of COLN (which not including DLN).For multifocal cases (21.05％ vs 57.14％,P =0.047);for vascular infiltration,the positive cases of (10.53％ vs 71.43％,P＜0.001);for the metastasized rate of COLN,the positive cases of (65.79％ vs 14.29％,P =0.011);for the metastasized number of COLN,[(0.84 ± 1.48) vs (3.86 ± 3.08),P ＜ 0.001].All the data above illustrated that the two groups are statistically correlative in mulifocality,vascular infiltration,the metastasized rate of COLN and for the metastasized number of COLN.17.39％ of PTC cases can be detected by CD34 and D2-40.According to the presence of vascular infiltration,it can be divided into two groups,We contrast analyzed of the number of TCLN (include DLN),metastasized number of TCLN and the metastasized rate of TCLN.The results shown that the number of TCLN had no statistical differences,but significant in metastasized number of TCLN [(0.74 ± 1.83) vs (4.50 ± 2.20),P ＜ 0.001) and the metastasized rate of TCLN (29.82％ vs 100.00％,P ＜ 0.01)].Conclusions The DLN positive patients are more likely to have distant lymph node metastasized.If DLN positive,total thyroidectomy and bilateral central compartment neck dissection (CCND) has been necessary.Lateral selective neck node dissection (LSND) can be underwent after evaluating carefully combining with the history and preoperative images.CD34 and D2-40 could be the detection indexes of vascular infiltration for PTC.For the cases with vascular infiltration,it has a higher proportion to have the metastasized number and metastasized rate of TCLN and higher possibility of distant metastasis.So we should expand the scope of operation moderately and strengthen postoperative follow-up according to the history and preoperative images so as to reduce postoperative recurrence,distant metastasis rate and improve the living quality of patients.

Objective:To investigate the role of transcription factor SP1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides(ODN) on expression of ? Gal in SV-40-PED cells.Methods:Immortalized porcine aortic endothelial cells of the PED line were cultured and transfected with ?1,3galactosyltransferase(?1,3GT) specific decoy ODN.Cells transfected with mismatch ODN was used as negative controls.Twenty-six hours later the cells were collected.The expression of ? Gal was determined with fluorescence microscope and Western blot.The expression of ?1,3GT mRNA was examined by RT-PCR.Results:Fluorescence microscopy observed the decreased fluorescence of ? Gal after decoy ODN transfection.Western blot showed that the average absorbance of the PED cells transfected with decoy ODNs was(48.2?0.9).It is 52.6% of the mock group(P0.05).Conclusion:?1,3GT gene reduce actually occurs following transfection of decoy ODN.Porcine endothelial cells can be the targets of decoy ODN.

The relevant policies of national essential medicine system were reviewed, major concerns and actions in the implementation of essential medicine system in Shanghai were introduced, and the suggestions to improve the implementation of essential medicine system of Shanghai were made. These provided the information for policy making and provided a useful experience for facilitating the establishment of essential medicine system and the improvement of its implementation in Shanghai as well as China.

Objective To investigate whether porcine endothelial cells transfected with SP1 de-coy ODNs could resist complement-mediated cytotoxicity during the model of SV-40-PED with human serum in vitro. Methods Immortalized porcine aortic endothelial cells of the line PED were divided in-to three groups. The transfected group was SV-40-PED with SP1 decoy ODNs. The mismatched group was SV-40-PED with scrambled SP1 decoy ODNs. The negative group was cells with oligo-fectamine only. The expression of α1,3-GT mRNA and αGal was detected after 26 h by using fluores-cence microscope, Western blot, RT-PCR and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay. Results Fluorescence microscopy observed the decreased fluorescence of αGal after SP1 decoy ODNs transfec-tion. Dotted fluorescent decrease could be observed on some membrane while the mismatched group and negative group with bright green fluorescence. Western blot showed that the average absorbance of the PED cells transfected with decoy ODNs was decreased to 52.6% of the negative group (P<0.05). The expression of α1,3-GT mRNA in the PED cells transfected with decoy ODNs was 0.42±0.20 (isoform 1) and 0.27±0.12 (isoform 2) respectively, significantly lower than in the negative group (isoform 1, 0.72±0.17; isoform 2, 0.50±0.19; both P<0.05). The expression of α1, 3-G Tin the mismatch group was not different from that in the negative group (P>0.05). 20% normal hu-man serum (NHS) and 40 % NHS had cytotoxic effect on both mismatch and negative groups, but de-coy ODNs could confer SV-40-PED protection from the cytolysis effect (P<0.05), which made a re-markable reduction of complement-mediated cytotoxicity towards SV-40--PED. Conclusions SP1 decoy ODNs could confer porcine endothelial cells protection from complement-mediated cytotoxicity effect in vitro.

With the development of organ transplantation in clinical practice, allograft pathology has been constantly developing and advancing. The convening of Banff conference on allograft pathology and the establishment of Banff classification on allograft pathology (Banff classification) are pivotal milestones in the development of international allograft pathology. Since then, Banff classification on pathological diagnosis of various transplant organs have been continually updated and improved. Ultrastructural pathological observation by electron microscope plays an irreplaceable role in the early diagnosis of antibody-mediated rejection, recurrent disease and de novo disease of renal allograft. Early detection and rational treatment help to maintain the long-term survival of renal allograft and reduce the failure of renal allograft. In this article, the basic definition of electron microscope and the ultrastructural pathological diagnosis, the research history and main progress on electron microscope diagnosis on Banff classification for renal allograft pathology were introduced, and typical pathological changes, specific terminology and diagnostic criteria of electron microscope diagnosis on renal allograft biopsy were summarized, aiming to provide reference for clinical and basic research of organ transplantation.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of extra vascular occlusion of low abdominal aorta and low abdominal aorta balloon occlusion in the treatment of placenta previa with placenta previa.Methods From January 2014 to July 2017,68 implantable placenta previa patients were divided into two groups,elective cesarean section of extra vascular occlusion of low abdominal aorta in 34 cases(group A)and cesarean section on the lower abdominal aorta balloon occlusion in 34 cases(group B),and observation of pregnant women was compared between surgery of two groups. Results Operation time,complications of vascular injury and thrombosis,fetal radiation exposure in group A were significantly lower than that of group B(P<0.05);two groups of patients with sensory dysfunction incidence,cesarean operation time,intraoperative blood loss,blood transfusion rate,the uterus resection rate,hospitalization time had no statistically significant difference postoperatively(P > 0.05). Conclusion Two kinds of operation can safely and effectively reduce the bleeding during the treatment of placenta previa. While group A surgery operation time is short,without intraoperative and postoperative bleeding of the puncture site,without pelvic and lower extremity arterial thrombosis,without X-ray exposure,more safety of the womb and can be popularized in clinic.

Objective To investigate the effect of blood flow restriction combined with low-intensity plyometric jump training(LI-PJT+BFR)on lower limb dynamic postural control of functional ankle instability(FAI)in college students. Methods From March to May,2023,40 FAI college students were recruited from Xi'an Physical Education University,and randomly divided into high-intensity plyometric jump training(HI-PJT,n = 14)group,low-intensity plyomet-ric jump training(LI-PJT,n = 13)group and LI-PJT+BFR group(n = 13).All the groups finished the six-week corresponding training.The maximum voluntary isometric contraction(MVIC)of tibialis anterior,peroneus lon-gus,lateral head of gastrocnemius,gluteus maximus,vastus lateralis,biceps femoris and semitendinosus were measured,and the root mean square(RMS)of electromyography of these muscles was measured during the sin-gle-leg landing(SLL),using wireless surface electromyography before and after intervention.Moreover,they were assessed with Y-balance test and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool(CAIT). Results MVIC and RMS of the target muscles improved after intervention in all the groups(t>2.218,P<0.05),except MVIC and RMS of peroneus longus,gluteus maximus,biceps femoris and semitendinosus in LI-PJT group,and RMS of peroneus longus in LI-PJT+BFR group;and MVIC and RMS of the target muscles were the least in LI-PJT group(F>3.262,P<0.05),except those of peroneus longus.The extension scores of Y-balance test and the total score improved after intervention(t>2.485,P<0.05),and they were the least in LI-PJT group(F>5.042,P<0.05).The CAIT score improved after intervention(t>5.227,P<0.001),and it was the least in LI-PJT group(F = 4.640,P<0.05). Conclusion LI-PJT+BFR could improve lower limb dynamic postural control of FAI college students,which is similar to HI-PJT.

To investigate the effects of IL-5 on the expression of TGF-β1 in eosinophils in vitro, eosinophils were incubated in the presence of the same concentrations of IL-4, IL-5 and IFNγ, different concentrations of IL-5 in vitro and changes of eosinophil viability were assessed by trypan blue exclusion. Non-cytokine was employed as a negative control. 16 h after the cultivation, supernatants and cells were assayed by using TGF-β1 specific ELISA and RT-PCR. The mRNA expression and protein expresssion of TGF-β1 in eosinophils stimulated with different cytokines was observed.The expression of TGF-β1 protein in eosinophils was increased significantly by IL-4 (433.67±9.86vs 228.9±2.87) and IL-5 (403. 72±7.60 vs 228.9±2.87, P＜0.05), while decreased by IFNγ (178.47±2.60 vs 228.9±2.87). At the same time, the results demonstrated that the basal level of TGF expression was enhanced by IL5 in all samples (P＜0.05). The expression of TGF β1 mRNA was 1.42, 1. 70, 1. 76-folds higher than that of the non-stimulated controls. It is concluded that IL-5 can up-regulate the expression of TGF-β1 in eosinophils in vitro, which might have effect in eosinophil-associated chronic rejection.

Tumor-associated macrophage promotes the progression of glioblastoma (GBM) by infiltrating into tumor tissue, yet its mechanism has not been fully elucidated.This paper aimed to investigate the mechanism of M2 macrophages in affecting the migratory capacity of GBM via secreting exosomes.Ultracentrifugation was used to extract exosomes; RNA sequencing was carried out to screen differentially expressed miRNAs; target prediction database was used to predict the possible target proteins of miRNA; Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the interaction between miRNA and target genes; and the proliferation ability of tumor cells was detected by subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice.Results showed that tumor-related macrophages were mainly M2 macrophages, and that exosomes secreted by M2 macrophages could promote the migration of glioma cells.Meanwhile, exosomes secreted by M2 macrophages transported miR-1260b and affected the migration of glioma cells through directly targeted AJAP1, suggesting that exosomes secreted by macrophages could affect the migration ability of GBM through transporting miR-1260b.

Antibody drug conjugations (ADCs) are a new class of drugs with both targeted specificity and high activity of chemotherapy drugs, which has gradually become a novel generation of therapeutic models with great clinical application prospects. In recent years, ADCs composed of monoclonal antibodies against different tumor cell surface antigens and small molecule potent cytotoxic drugs have shown superior therapeutic effects on recurrent / metastatic breast cancer. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of ADCs with different molecular targets in the field of breast cancer.