Objective Through smdying the distribution of the Sappan acetic ether extract in transplanted heart of rats,to discuss selectivity of sappan in donor's hearts.Methods Improved Ono model was used to replicate the heart transplantation model of rats.Successfully operated rats were separated into 2 groups:a model group and a sappan group.Distributions of sappan in transplanted heart were observed by HPLC-FPC.Results One kind of original substance.of sappan was detected in transplanted heart sample,but not in un-transplanted hearts.Conclusion The substance of sappan may have selectivity in transplanted heart.

Mirror therapy has been widely used in practice as an effective rehabilitaiton method. Mirror integrated therapy combined mirror therapy with some other technologies, such as virtual reality, functional electrical stimulation, augmented reality, etc., to enhance the task orientation, and improve the efficiency of treatment.

Objective To determine the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and asymptomatic myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods All of 399 asymptomatic subjects who underwent coronary CT angiography with type 2 diabetes mellitus but without thyroid disease were enrolled retrospectively.Totally patients were divided into subclinical hypothyroidism group (17 patients,type 2 diabetes mellitus with subclinical hypothyroidism) and euthyroid group(382 patients,type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal thyroid function).Results The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism in type 2 diabetes mellitus was 4.3％(17/399).The ratio of male and smoking in subclinical hypothyroidism group was significantly lower than that in euthyroid group (3/17 vs.194/382,P =0.007;2/17 vs.136/382,P =0.043).The incidence of asymptomatic myocardial ischemia in subclinical hypothyroidism group was 5 cases and in euthyroid group was 130 cases,and there was no significant difference(P=0.694).The age,course of type 2 diabetes mellitus,level of glycosylated hemoglobin and low density lipoprotein cholesterol between two groups had no significant difference(P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Subclinical hypothyroidism is not an independent risk factor for asymptomatic myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background Recently,small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedure is used to correct myopia.The clinical safety and efficiency of SMILE have been approved,but its predictability to corneal ablation depth is brought into focus.Objective This study was to compare the predictability of ablation depth in central cornea between SMILE and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for myopia.Methods A nonrandomized controlled clinical study was performed.Two hundred and seventy eyes of 135 myopic patients who were going to receive corneal refractive surgery were included in Beijing Tongren Hospital from October 2015 to May 2016.SMILE and FS-LASIK were performed on 138 eyes of 69 patients and 132 eyes of 66 patients matched in demography respectively under the informed consent.Central corneal thickness was measured by RTVue FD-OCT before and 1 week after surgery.The refractive power,actual ablation depth (difference of central corneal thickness before and after surgery) and central corneal cutting error (difference between theoretically expected ablation depth and real ablation depth) were intergrouply compared,and the correlation of real ablation depth with theoretically expected ablation depth was assessed.Results No significant difference was found in spherical power,astigmatic power and spherical equivalent after surgery between SMILE group and FS-LASIK group (t =-1.826,-1.405,-1.420,all at P＞0.05).The actual ablation depth was (76.96± 15.27)μm in the SMILE group,which was significant lower than (96.76± 16.52) μm of theoretically expected ablation depth (t =-23.016,P ＜ 0.01);however,there was no significant difference in the FS-LASIK group between actual and expected ablation depth ([77.92 ± 18.69] μm versus [77.42± 15.60] μm) (t =-0.604,P =0.547).The central corneal cutting error was (20.55 ± 8.51) μm in the SMILE group and (7.17±5.97) μm in the FS-LASIK group,showing a significant difference between them (t=14.950,P＜0.01).The positive linear correlations were seen between actual and expected ablation depth in both SMILE group and FS-LASIK group (r=0.799,0.867,both at P＜0.01).The actual ablation depth was increased over expected ablation depth,with the regression equations of Y=3.892+0.749X in the SMILE group and Y=3.443 + 0.957X in the FS-LASIK group.Conclusions The actual corneal ablation depth is less than expected corneal ablation depth in SMILE procedure,while in FS-LASIK procedure,the actual corneal ablation depth appears to be consistent with the expected one,inferring a good predictability in corneal ablation depth in FS-LASIK surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the short-term effect of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) and laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) in the treatment of ampullary and periampullary tumor systematically.Methods:A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library database using the key words "pancreaticoduodenectomy, duodenopanreatectpmy, whipple, laparoscopic, robotic, Da Vinci" . A systematic search of the Sinomed, Wangfang, VIP and CNKI databases including the key words "胰十二指肠切除" , "腹腔镜" , "机器人" , "达芬奇" . To investigate the differences of the conversion rate of laparotomy, incidence of postoperative complications, and the postoperative hospital stay between the RPD group and the LPD group. The software RevMan5.3 was used in this meta-analysis.Results:A total of 4 retrospective cohort studies and 1 001 patients were included in this meta-analysis, including 451 patients in the RPD group and 550 patients in the LPD group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences between RPD group and LPD group for the conversion rate laparotomy ( OR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.24-0.50, P<0.05). There were no significant differences between RPD group and LPD group for the incidence rate of overall complication( OR=1.23, 95% CI: 0.95-1.58, P>0.05), hemorrhage ( OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.50-1.00, P>0.05), pancreatic fistula ( OR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.80-1.49, P>0.05), delayed gastric empty ( OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.57-1.14, P>0.05) and hospital stay after surgery ( WMD=-2.87, 95% CI: -1.44-1.70, P>0.05). Conclusions:RPD is as safe as LPD, with the same complication rate. Therefor it is worthy for further application in medical institutions with relevant conditions.

One new sesquiterpene was isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. and the structure was elucidated by spectral analysis as caryolane-1, 6beta-diol (1). An intermediate 1alpha, 6beta, 11-eudesmanetriol (2) in the biosynthesis of geosmin was also found in this strain which proved sequence for the reactions, especially bicyclization preceding dealkylation.

Objective To determine the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and the prevalence of albuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 826 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without thyroid disease were enrolled.Participants were evaluated for glycemic control,thyroid function,and albuminuria in a cross-sectional analysis.Results Of 826 type 2 diabetes mellitus,780 subjects were euthyroid(94.44％,780/826) and 46 had SCH (5.56％,46/826).The patients with SCH had a higher proportion in women and higher body mass index compared with the patients with euthyroid [69.6％(32/46) vs.49.7％(388/780),(26.7 ± 4.0) kg/m2 vs.(25.1 ± 3.8) kg/m2],and there was significant difference(P ＜ 0.01).No significant difference in glycated hemoglobin and the prevalence of albuminuria was found between the patients with SCH and the patients with euthyroid (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion SCH is not a risk factor for albuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the prognosis and the early lactate clearance in patients with postcardiac surgery undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods The clinical data of 73 patients who underwent postcardiotomy undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass in SuBei Hospital of Jiangsu Provience,from March 2006 to February 2010,were prospectively collected and analyzed.The collection data including:( 1 ) Preoperative factors:including gender,age,diagnosis preoperative,NYHA grade,APACHE Ⅱ score and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter.(2) Operative factors:operation time,block aorta time.(3)Postoperation factors:hemorrhage volume,mechanical ventilation time,and factors of hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism at 6 hour postoperative:heart rate(HR),central venous pressure(CVP),pulmonary capilary wedged pressure( PCWP),cardiac output index( CI),arterial blood lactic acid,6 h lactate clearance,partial pressure of oxygen( PO2 ),mixed venous oxygen saturation ( SvO2 ),oxygen delivery index ( DO2I),oxygen consume index (VO2I),oxygen extraction ratio(O2ext).Patients were divided into survival group,control group,high level of lactate clearance group( lactate clearance rate ＞ 30％ ) and low level of lactate clearance group.Firstly,the data analyzed with process of single variable analysis and some parameters,which showed the significant difference,were sorted out from two groups.Then these parameters were put to the Logistic regression analysis.Consequently,the independent risk factors of death of postcardiac surgery could be found.Results The mortality in high lactate clearance group ( 4.55％ [ 2/44 ] ) was significantly less than the low lactate group (34.48％ [ 10/29] ) ( x2 =11.889,P ＜0.01 ).The single variable analysis had shown that there were significant difference on APACHE Ⅱ score ( [ 16.9 ± 2.9 ] vs [ 19.2 ± 2.6 ],t =2.537 ),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter( [ 53.9 ± 5.6 ] mm vs [ 63.8 ± 4.6 ] mm,t =5.847 ),block aorta time ( [ 101.2 ± 34.2 ] min vs [ 122.7 ±22.7 ] min,t =2.078 ),hemorrhage volume( [464.0 ± 158.8 ] ml vs [ 603.2 ± 159.5 ] ml,t =2.773 ),mechanical ventilation time( [ 22.6 ± 5.1 ] h vs [ 28.8 ± 5.2 ] h,t =3.857 ),arterial blood lactic acid ( [ 3.5 ±1.3 ] mmol/L vs [5.1 ± 1.5 ] mmol/L,t =3.912),lactate clearance ( [38.8 ± 17.4]％ vs [ 14.6 ±9.7]％,t =4.846),and SvO2( [69.1 ±4.2]％ vs [59.2 ±6.9]％,t =5.847) (P＜0.05 or P ＜0.001)between survival group and control group.Multiple regression analysis showed that lactate clearance and left ventricular enddiastolic diameter were the two independent risk factors of death,and the odds ratio(OR) were 7.773 (95％ CI 1.364-44.306,P ＜0.05) and 15.186(95％ CI 2.758-83.162,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Early lactate clearance rate can be used as an important indicator to evaluate the prognosis of patients with postcardiac surgery undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of successive ejaculation on semen analysis parameters in normal men.

METHODSEight ejaculates were collected at daily intervals from 8 normal men. The semen parameters were analyzed according to WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm-cervical mucus interaction.

RESULTSThe semen volumes and total sperm counts decreased gradually day by day, significantly lower from the 5th to the 8th day than the 1st (P < 0.01). The sperm densities also declined day by day, but not significantly. The sperm viability and motility (a + b grade) presented an increasing trend, but with no significance except on the 7th day.

CONCLUSIONWith the increase of the ejaculatory frequency, human semen volumes and the total counts significantly decrease, while sperm viability and motility gradually increase. Successive ejaculation does not affect the quality of human semen.