Dehydration ; therapy ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Administration Routes ; Drug Utilization ; standards ; Humans ; Infant ; Pediatrics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; administration & dosage ; Pharmacopoeias as Topic ; Pharmacy Administration

Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

Child ; Consensus ; Diarrhea ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

Comorbidity ; Humans

Contraindications ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Promethazine ; adverse effects

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis (TB)in children in Chongqing and provide a data support for the establishment of children tuberculosis prevention and control strategy.Methods The TB data of chil-dren aged between 0 to 14 from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed.Results The average prevalence rates and registration rate of TB in children were 7.22/ 100 000 and 4.48/ 100 000,respectively.The cases mainly concentrated between10 to 14 years old.The epi-demic situation in southeast of chongqing was higher.And most of them were secondary tuberculosis of lung.The cases were mainly detected in referral,follow and clinical consultation.Conclusion The prevalence of TB in children of Chongqing was serious.It should take comprehensive measures to strengthen the prevention and control of children tuberculosis.

Objective To analyze imaging of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST),and to compare their imaging features with operational and pathological findings.Methods Clinical,imaging,and pathological data of 20 patients with GIST were collected.Results Imaging findings were endophytic or exophytic tumors with heterogeneous density or signal intensity,corresponding to hemorrhage,necrosis,and cystic changes.Imaging was correct for the location of the lesion in 11 of 16 primary GIST and 4 cases of relapsed tumors.Preoperational CT did not detect mesenteric,peritoneal,and omental metastasis in 5 cases. Hepatic metastases detected at CT (3 cases )were identified by operational findings.Conclusions GIST has some imaging features.CT is a useful tool in detecting and characterizating of lesions rather than detecting mesenteric,peritoneal,and omental metastasis.

Objective To investigate the critical thinking ability of medical students and its related factors in order to provide evidence for higher medical education reform. Methods A total of 325 medical students were selected by cluster sampling method, and Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV) was adopted for survery. Results The average total score of critical thinking ability of medical students was above 280, and 51.08% of students showed positive critical thinking ability. Among all the seven critical thinking dispositions, average scores of each item were all positive (>40) except that the significance of truth seeking (37.23) and systematicity (39.05) were indefinite. There were significant differences in critical thinking ability between medical students with different gender and academic years (P<0.05). Conclusion The critical thinking ability of medical students is positive, however, there still exist some shortages. An equal relationship between teachers and students should be established, the traditional course system be continuously reformed, a good environment for clinical training be created, and a variety of teaching methods be implemented to further strengthen the critical thinking ability of medical students.

Objective To explore status quo of Shanghai community health services based on the investigation of rural community doctors in Shanghai suburb,and to propose measures on training rural doctors. Methods Retrospective investigation was carried out in 114 rural community health service centers and 1 563 clinics.Primary investigation included the registration,distribution,age,academic titles and education background. Results The results showed insufficient number of human resources and inadequate investment in human capitals in the primary medical services of Shanghai suburbs,and there was a serious shortage of general practitioners.The other problems included older age,insufficient academic qualifications,and without professional titles. Conclusion We should improve the status and treatment of rural doctors.Job training and well-trained professional students should be encouraged for the primary health services.More and more doctors should be attracted to work in community health service centers.General practitioners' personnal information network and general medical training network should be established,and the general medical education system gets improvement.