OBJECTIVEThis is a preliminary study of the endoscopic technique on open surgery. The purpose of this study is to introduce the use of endoscopic technique for the reconstruction of the condyle with costochondral graft through a preauricular incision.

METHODS33 patients of temporomandibular joint diseases (n=49) underwent reconstruction of mandibular condyle with costochondral graft. After preparation of the recipient site through a preauricular incision, maxillo-mandibular fixation, and preparation of the costochondral graft, the graft was fixed to the lateral side of the mandible ramus under the supervision of arthroscope.

RESULTSAll the patients had successful reconstruction of the condyle with costochondral graft without any severe bleeding or craniocerebral injury.

CONCLUSIONThis case series demonstrates the feasibility of endoscopic technique for the reconstruction of the condyle through a preauricular incision. It has the advantage of high efficiency, minimal postoperative morbidity, great patient comfort, and little appearance impairment. The endoscopic technique has a promising future.

Adult ; Arthroscopes ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mandibular Condyle ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of acupoint massage dominant early comprehensive intervention on the prognosis of premature infants with brain injury.

METHODSTotally 210 premature infants with brain injury were assigned to the intervention group (112 cases) and the control group (98 cases). All patients received routine therapy (medicinal + routine care instructions). Patients in the intervention group additionally received acupoint massage. Those with abnormal early motion received physical sports treatment. Those with upper limbs dysfunction or with fine movement disorders received occupational therapy. Premature infants' development quotient (DQ) was performed at corrected age of 6 and 12 months by using neuropsychological development examination table for 0 - 6 years old children. The incidence of cerebral palsy was statistically calculated.

RESULTSAt corrected age of 6 months, DQ of gross motor, fine motor, language three functional areas was higher in the intervention group than in the control group with significant difference (P < 0.05). At corrected age of 12 months, DQ of gross motor, fine motor, language, social and adaptive capacities was higher in the intervention group than in the control groupwith significant difference (P < 0.05). The incidence of cerebral palsy was 4.46% (5/112) in the intervention group and 12.24% (12/98) in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupoint massage dominant early comprehensive intervention could obviously improve the intelligence development level and lower the incidence of cerebral palsy in premature infants with brain injury.

Acupuncture Points ; Brain Injuries ; therapy ; Cerebral Palsy ; prevention & control ; Early Medical Intervention ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Massage ; Prognosis

Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides ( DNA or RNA ) selected through a technology termed "Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment" ( SELEX ) . In addition to high affinity and high specificity for their target molecules, aptamers have some advantages such as low molecular weight, easy synthesis, high chemical stability, low immunogenicity, and convenient modification. Based on the Cell-SELEX technique, a panel of aptamers which can specifically recognize target cell lines has been generated. By targeting specific membrane proteins in their native state, these aptamers can identify subtle molecular differences among different cell lines, thus have attracted a broad interest in biomedical research. In this review, we summarized the development of aptamers and their use in detection, profiling and imaging of tumor cells. Also, their perspectives were discussed.

A water-soluble compound, sodium formononetin-3'-sulfonate with good lipid-lowering and liver-protection activities was synthesized. It was synthesized by sulfonation reaction, and its structure was characterized by IR, NMR and elemental analyses. The solubility of sodium formononetin-3'-sulfonate in water and n-octanol/water partition coefficient were determined by UV spectrophotometry. The lipid-lowering and liver-protection activities of sodium formononetin-3'-sulfonate were tested by using rat's high fat model induce by feeding with high fat food. The results showed that sodium formononetin-3'-sulfonate not only had favorable water, solubility but also had good lipid-lowering and liver-protection activities.
Adipose Tissue ; drug effects ; Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Isoflavones ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipids ; blood ; Liver ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Molecular Structure ; Protective Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Solubility ; Triglycerides ; blood

BACKGROUNDAlemtuzumab has been used in organ transplantation and a variety of hematologic malignancies (especially for the treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia). However, serious infectious complications frequently occur after treatment. The reason for increased infections postalemtuzumab treatment is unknown at this stage. We explore the effect of alemtuzumab on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and intestinal barrier function in cynomolgus model to explain the reason of infection following alemtuzumab treatment.

METHODSTwelve male cynomolguses were randomly assigned to either a treatment or control group. The treatment group received alemtuzumab (3 mg/kg, intravenous injection) while the control group received the same volume of physiological saline. Intestinal IELs were isolated from the control group and the treatment group (on day 9, 35, and 70 after treatment) for counting and flow cytometric analysis. Moreover, intestinal permeability was monitored by enzymatic spectrophotometric technique and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSThe numbers of IELs were decreased significantly on day 9 after treatment compared with the control group (0.35 ± 0.07 × 10 8 and 1.35 ± 0.09 × 10 8 , respectively; P < 0.05) and were not fully restored until day 70 after treatment. There were significant differences among four groups considering IELs subtypes. In addition, the proportion of apoptotic IELs after alemtuzumab treatment was significantly higher than in the control group (22.01 ± 3.67 and 6.01 ± 1.42, respectively; P < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of D-lactate and endotoxin was also increased significantly on day 9 after treatment.

CONCLUSIONSAlemtuzumab treatment depletes lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and intestine of cynomolgus model. The induction of apoptosis is an important mechanism of lymphocyte depletion after alemtuzumab treatment. Notably, intestinal barrier function may be disrupted after alemtuzumab treatment.

Alemtuzumab ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Intestines ; cytology ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Macaca fascicularis ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission

Endothelin-3 (ET-3) is aberrantly expressed in both metastatic melanoma tissues and cultured melanoma cells. Our previous work showed that ET-3 could promote survival of metastatic melanoma cells via its altered expression. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms responsible for these gene-induced phenotypes in melanoma cells. An ET-3 gene sequence-specific shRNA vector pLVTHM-ET3-RNAi was constructed and transfected into human malignant melanoma cells A375 and MMRU, and the resultant molecular events and cellular changes were examined. As compared with the empty-vector group, cell proliferation was slowed down, and the growth inhibition rates were 38.9% in A375 cells and 38.4% in MMRU cells after transfection. In addition, cell invasion capability was also inhibited, with a reduction of 62.2% in A375 cells and 54.3% in MMRU cells. The percentage of apoptotic cells was found to increase. Meanwhile, in both cell lines, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) levels were down-regulated together with inhibition of its upstream signaling molecule, NF-κB. Thus, the current results suggested that down-regulated expression of ET3 attenuates the malignant behaviors of human melanoma cells partially by decreasing the expression of SPARC and NF-κB.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Endothelin-3 ; genetics ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Melanoma ; genetics ; pathology ; Osteonectin ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the socio-demographic characteristics, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) related behaviors of male clients of female sex workers and their determinants.

METHODSContacting subjects through 5 ways including volunteers of female sex workers (FSWs), sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics, long-distance bus stations, long-distance cargo station while adopting methods as snowballing, employing an anonymous questionnaire. Data was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS(1) The majority of clients were 25-45 years old, married and of junior high school or above educational levels; (2) Among male clients of FSWs, numbers of having had commercial sexual intercourse was between 1 to 240, averaged 24 in the previous year. It significantly related to their occupation and the experience of their friends or colleagues who ever visited female sex workers; (3) 27.98% of them used condom every time during commercial sexual intercourse, which significantly related to the score of knowledge on AIDS, concourse of sex intercourse and inhabitation; (4) 28.36% of them had ever contracted STD, which significantly related to the frequency of commercial sexual intercourse in the previous year, risk awareness of being infected with human immunodeficiency virus, and frequency of condom use during commercial sexual intercourse.

CONCLUSIONThe proportion of always using condom was low among male clients of FSWs, and had had STDs. And it's necessary for active and specific intervention programs to them.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; Adult ; China ; Condoms ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk-Taking ; Sex Work ; Sexual Behavior ; Unsafe Sex ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of cytogenetic features, clinical characteristics and prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. METHODS: The clinical characteristics and prognosis of 236 patients with MDS admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2013 to September 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, the follow-up observation and correlation analysis were performed. RESULTS: There were 33 cases of refractory cytopenia with unilateral dysplasia (RCUD), 8 cases of refractory anemia with ring-shaped iron granulocytes (RARS), 70 cases of refractory cytopenia with multiple dysplasia (RCMD), 23 cases of refractory anemia (RA), 46 cases of refractory anemia with excessive blasts (RAEB-1), 48 cases of (RAEB-2), MDS-U 2 cases, simple del(5q) 6 cases. The detection analysis showed that the chromosome abnormality rate and complex chromosome abnormality rate in RAEB group (RAEB-1 + RAEB-2) and in non-RAEB group (RARS+RCMD+RCUD+RA) were 48.94% vs 43.94%, and 18.09% vs 12.69%, respectively, which were no statistically different. The grouping according to IPSS-R and IPSS showed that the chromosome abnormality rate gradually increased along with enhancement of risk stratifi-cation (P<0.05). The cytogenetic characteristics analysis showed that a total of 108 cases had chromosomal abnormalities, the detection rate was 45.76%, Out of 108 cases, 36 cases had complicated karyotypes, accounted for 15.25% of all patients. The types of chromosomal abnormalities mainly include numbers, structural abnormalities and mixed abnormalities. The chromosome abnormality with the highest detection rate was +8, accounted for 30.56% (33/100) of patients with chromosome abnormalities; followed by -7/7q-, del(5q), del(20q), etc. -7/7q-chromosome abnormalities accounted for 29.63% of all karyotypic abnormalities (including -7/7q-chromosome abnormalities alone and other chromosome abnormalities). The median age of the patients with MDS was 61 (13-88) years old, and the male-female ratio was 1.36∶1. Analysis of blood cell characteristics showed that the three lines were reduced or increased to varying degrees. The median WBC count was 2.8 (0.3-267.1)×10/L, the median Hb level was 69 (20-156) g/L, and the median Plt count was 55 (2-1733)×10/L. The 1 year OS rate in 32 cases of chromosome 7 abnormality and 128 cases of normal chromosome was 25% and 44.53%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (χ=4.05, P<0.05) . CONCLUSION Chromosome karyotype is an independent factor affecting the prognosis of patients with MDS. It is important for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evalnation of patients with MDS. The overall prognosis of patients with abnormal chromosome 7 is poor. .
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

This study is to establish a pre-column derivatization procedure with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of the monosaccharide composition of 12 polysaccharides. At the same time, the monosaccharide components of polysaccharides in Armillaria gallica were analyzed. The separation was performed on a ACQUITY ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C₁₈ column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm),using 95% acetonitrile (A) and ammonium acetate-5% acetonitrile-water (B) as mobile phase with gradient elution. The target components were detected in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI) source operated in ionization mode. The results showed that based on the monosaccharides detection method established by UPLC-MS/MS, the linearity of the 12 monosaccharides components were linear in their linear range (R²>0.990), and the recovery rate were 92.30%-105.6%. 11 monosaccharides such as fructose, mannose, and glucose were detected in A. gallica samples. The method established in this experiment is robust, highly reproducible and accurate, and is suitable for the determination of monosaccharide components such as A. gallica.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Monosaccharides ; Polysaccharides ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Dao-di herbs, which are widely recognized as medicinal materials with a high quality and good efficacy in clinic, are now facing the dilemma of absence of standard. This study focused on a pivotal scientific problem of design and application of quality standard of Dao-di herbs, and systematically illustrated the general rules for the quality standard of Dao-di herbs involving "four rules, six core contents, and three key methods". The quality standard of Dao-di herbs shall be fully based on literatures as well as habitat, planting/breeding, processing, characters, chemical-pharmacological/toxic data. The common requirements for the quality standard of Dao-di herbs contain "clear source, explicit origin, rational indicator, gradable quality, and multiple detection methods". Notably, traditional experiences and modern techniques, quality tracing management system, "quality determination by distinguishing characters" method, rapid detection technology, effective/toxic substances control method, were comprehensively applied in this standard to purse the objectification, automation, and intellectualization of detection technology. Appearance characters, chemical components, and bioactive parameters, unified effective/toxic indicators, quality markers, and pharmacopeial control indicators and reasonable ranges were included in rigorous quality standards for Dao-di herbs. Besides, simple grading method shall be developed to guide the implementation of "high quality-high price" policy. Eventually, the new quality standards for Dao-di herbs will lead international standards and promote the high-quality development of Dao-di herbs.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; Reference Standards ; Technology