Objective To explore the association between the infection of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV),herpes simplex virus typeⅠ(HSV-Ⅰ),HSV-Ⅱ,toxoplasma(TOX) and serum hepatitis B virus(HBV)these 5 pathogens and low body weight and pneumonia,and explore the clinical value of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examining newborns infected with pathogens.Methods Forty-six newborn infants with low weight and 66 newborn infants with pneumonia were selected.And 1 mL pripheral blood of every newborn infant was drawn.Classic phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol-protease digested,after neonatal serum extraction of DNA in peripheral blood through 2 pairs of pri-mers,the outer primer amplified larger DNA fragments and the inner primer amplified small fragments,in the amplified products.HCMV,HSV-Ⅰ,HSV-Ⅱ,TOX and HBV of the viral DNA in highly conservative district to design primer respectively and amplify its viral DNA,nested PCR was used to detect of these pathogens DNA in infants of low body weight and pneumonia,and to detect positive rate of infection.Screening for birth defects in infants in these virus infection.SPSS 10.0 software was used to analyze the relationship between infection of 5 pathogens.Results The infective rate of HCMV in 46 infants with low body quality was 91.3%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅰwas 8.7%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅱwas 15.2%,the infective rate of TOX was 8.7%,and the infective rate of HBV was 15.2%.Among 66 infants with pneumonia,the infective rate of HCMV was 83.3%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅰwas 6.1%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅱwas 16.7%,the infective rate of TOX was 6.1%,and the infective rate of HBV was 7.6%.The infective rate of HCMV was higher than that of other 4 pathogens,these infection rates were different statistically in these 5 kinds of pathogens(Pa=0).Conclusions Five kinds of pathogens both low pathosens screening is necessary newborns infants with low body weight and pneumonia,and for the early diagnosis and prevention of these pathogens.

OBJECTIVETo explore the possibility of repairing periodontal defects with carbonated calcium phosphate bone cement (CCPBC) modified with synthesized peptides.

METHODSPeriodontal bone defects in 4 dogs were surgically created and then restored directly with hydroxyapatite (HA), Perioglass, CCPBC and CCPBC modified with peptides. The results were compared at different levels.

RESULTSBone replacement materials were lost in HA and Perioglass groups. In the HA group defects were restored with connective tissue. Perioglass group had only a little new bone around materials by alveolar bone. CCPBC could firmly stay in bone defects to maintain the space of bone defects even without membrane use. CCPBC modified with peptides was superior to HA, Perioglass, and CCPBC, surrounded by a great deal of new bone.

CONCLUSIONUnder limitation of this study, CCPBC modified with peptides has some osteoinuctive activity and may have good prospect for the clinical application in periodontal defect repair.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; therapy ; Animals ; Bone Cements ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; Calcium Phosphates ; Dogs ; Durapatite ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of suppressive oligodeoxynucleotides (Sup ODN) on interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (pSTAT4) expression of Silica-induced pulmonary inflammation in Mice.

METHODSSixty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, normal control group, silicious group, suppressive oligodeoxynucleotides (Sup ODN) group, control oligodeoxynucleotides (Con ODN) group. Except the normal control group injected normal saline, the rest groups were induced by the intratracheal instillation of 0.1 ml (5 g/L) of sterilized silica suspension. Sup ODN group and Con ODN group were treated by i.p. injection of 0.3 ml (1mg/mL) of suppressive or control ODN 3 h before silica administration. After 7 days, the animals were killed and levels of IFN-γ were detected by ELISA. The pathologic changes in lung tissues of mice were observed with HE staining. Expressions of IFN-γ and pSTAT4 in lung tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry and quantified by Image-Pro Plus 7.0.

RESULTSHE staining showed that the lung tissue of silicious group were damaged seriously than Sup ODN group. Compared with the normal control group (serum: (280.1±41.3) pg/ml, lung tissue: (0.249±0.373), IFN-γ increased in silicious group (serum: (886.3±81.7) pg/ml, lung tissue: (0.270±0.300) (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group and Con ODN group [(894.5±91.6) pg/ml], IFN-γ in the serum of Sup ODN group decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Compared with the silicious group , IFN-γ in lung tissue decreased in Sup ODN group (0.241±0.250) (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group (0.279±0.353), pSTAT4 in lung tissue increased significantly in silicious group (0.313±0.231) (P < 0.01). Compared with the silicious group, pSTAT4 in lung tissue decreased significantly in Sup ODN group (0.269±0.523) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSup ODN attained protective effect on Silica treated mice by suppressing expression of IFN-γ and pSTAT4.

Animals ; Female ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; STAT4 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Silicon Dioxide ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the coping strategies of the community-based population in Shenzhen.

METHODSTotally 5,940 subjects from the communities in Shenzhen were sampled and tested with the Simplified Coping Style questionnaire.

RESULTSThe most common coping strategies adopted by the community residents in Shenzhen were "consoling themselves" (33.1%) and "looking at the bright side of things" (31.4%), and the least adopted coping strategy was "relieving distress by smoking, drinking, taking medicine and eating" (57.8%); the strategies left out from their choices were mostly negative strategies. The scores for positive coping strategy factors of community residents in Shenzhen were greater than those of negative ones, with a mean difference of 0.43. The scores of both positive and negative coping strategy factors of these residents were significantly lower than those of general population in other mainland cities (P<0.001), with mean differences of 0.12 and 0.36, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe community residents in Shenzhen adopt mostly positive strategies for coping with frustration, which benefit their status of self-rated health.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Emotions ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Residence Characteristics ; Self Care ; methods ; psychology ; Social Support ; Stress, Psychological ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Huperzine A is a potent,reversible,and blood-brain barrier permeable acetylcholinesterase irhibitor.The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics,tolerability,and bioavailability of two formulations with the established reference formulation of huperzine A in a fasting,healthy Chinese male population.This was a randomized,single-dose,3-period,6-sequence crossover study.The plasma concentrations of huperzine A were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Tolerability was assessed based on subject interview,vital sign monitoring,physical examination,and routine blood and urine tests.The mean (SD) pharmacokinetic parameters of the reference drug were Cmax,1.550 (0.528) ng/mL;t1/2,12.092 (1.898) h;AUC0-72h,17.550 (3.794) ng.h/mL.Those of the test formulation A and test formulation B were Cmax,1.412 (0.467),1.521 (0.608) ng/mL;t1/2,12.073 (2.068),12.271 (1.678) h;AUC0-72h,15.286 (3.434) ng.h/mL,15.673 (3.586) ng.h/mL.The 90％ confidence intervals for the AUC0-72h and Cmax were between 0.80 and 1.25.No adverse events were reported by the subjects or found with results of clinical laboratory test.The test and reference products met the regulatory criteria for bioequivalence in these fasting,healthy Chinese male volunteers.All three formulations appeared to be well tolerated.

Acute Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Humans ; Pancreatitis/etiology* ; Virulence Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the stability of chlorogenic acid in extract of flos lonicerae in different conditions.

METHODThe stability of chlorogenic acid in extract of flos lonicerae in phosptat buffe with different pH values, methanol, ethanol and different base solutions(Ca(OH)2 and NaOH) was investigated by the classical isothermal method.

RESULTThe experiments showed the chlorogenic acid in extract of flos lonicerae was more stable in acidic water than in basic water. It was stable in these organic solutions and base solution[Ca(OH)2].

CONCLUSIONIn different conditions, the stability of chlorogenic acid in extract of flos lonicerae was different. It provided a reference to the extraction and analysis of chlorogenic acid and production of chlorogenic acid preparation.

Calcium Hydroxide ; Chlorogenic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Stability ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sodium Hydroxide ; Solutions ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Substituted phenols as the starting materials were transformed into substituted chromanones by substitution reaction and cyclization reaction, and then 3-(hydroxymethylene)chroman-4-ones were synthesized from substituted chromanones by condensation reaction; at last, the target compounds were synthesized from 3-(hydroxymethylene)chroman-4-ones by chlorination reaction. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and MS. The antifungal activity of the target compounds in vitro was measured by consecutive double dilution, and the result of antifungal experiment indicated that the target compounds had good antifungal action on most fungi tested in vitro. The MIC value of compounds 4c, 4e, 4g and 4h on M. gypseum is 1 microg x mL(-1), better than fluconazole and amphotericin B.
Antifungal Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Fungi ; drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Structure ; Structure-Activity Relationship

BACKGROUNDCancer stem cells (CSCs) are the cause of cancer recurrence because they are resistant to conventional therapy and contribute to cancer growth and metastasis. Endocrinotherapy is the most common breast cancer therapy and acquired tamoxifen (TAM) resistance is the main reason for endocrinotherapy failure during such therapy. Although acquired resistance to endocrine treatment has been extensively studied, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that breast CSCs played an important role in TAM-induced resistance during breast cancer therapy. Therefore, we investigated the biological characteristics of TAM-resistant (TAM-R) breast cancer cells.

METHODSMammosphere formation and tumorigenicity of wild-type (WT) and TAM-R MCF7 cells were tested by a mammosphere assay and mouse tumor xenografts respectively. Stem-cell markers (SOX-2, OCT-4, and CD133) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were tested by quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR. Morphological observation was performed to characterize EMT.

RESULTSAfter induction of TAM resistance, TAM-R MCF7 cells exhibited increased proliferation in the presence of TAM compared to that of WT MCF7 cells (P < 0.05), indicating enhanced TAM resistance of TAM-R MCF7 cells compared to that of WT MCF7 cells. TAM-R MCF7 cells showed enhanced mammosphere formation and tumorigenicity in nude mice compared to that of WT MCF7 cells (P < 0.01), demonstrating the elevated CSC properties of TAM-R MCF7 cells. Consistently, qRT-PCR revealed that TAM-R MCF7 cells expressed increased mRNA levels of stem cell markers including SOX-2, OCT-4, and CD133, compared to those of WT MCF7 cells (P < 0.05). Morphologically, TAM-R MCF7 cells showed a fibroblastic phenotype, but WT MCF7 cells were epithelial-like. After induction of TAM resistance, qRT-PCR indicated that MCF7 cells expressed increased mRNA levels of Snail, vimentin, and N-cadherin and decreased levels of E-cadherin, which are considered as EMT characteristics (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTAM-R MCF7 cells possess CSC characteristics and may be responsible for TAM resistance during breast cancer therapy.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Female ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Mice ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; Tamoxifen ; pharmacology

In order to investigate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in multiple myeloma patients and the in vitro and in vivo proangiogenic effects of BDNF, the plasma concentrations of BDNF and VEGF in MM patients and control group were determined by ELISA, the effect of BDNF on the in vitro proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was examined by MTT assay; the effects of BDNF on HUVEC migration and tube formation were studied by modified Boyden chamber assay and tube formation assay, respectively. Matrigel plug assay and chorioallantoic membrane assay were used to evaluate the effect of BDNF on angiogenesis in vivo. The results demonstrated that the concentration of BDNF was (4.22 +/- 0.64) ng/ml and (2.03 +/- 0.38) ng/ml in MM group and control group, respectively, (P = 0.01). There was also a significant difference between VEGF levels of two groups [(79.35 +/- 13.25) pg/ml vs (34.41 +/- 1.78) pg/ml, P = 0.006]. The levels of BDNF and VEGF correlated significantly (r = 0.430, P = 0.025). BDNF stimulated the migration and tube formation in vitro significantly, although it had no effect on the proliferation of HUVEC. BDNF also stimulated angiogenesis both in matrigel plug of mouse model and in chick chorioallantoic membrane. It is concluded that the concentrations of BDNF and VEGF in MM patients' peripheral blood are at high level; BDNF can stimulate the angiogenesis markedly in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, BDNF may act as an important regulator in angiogenesis of MM.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; blood ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; blood ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; drug effects ; embryology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood ; pharmacology