Objective To study the mechanisms of Liujing Toutong Tablets (LTT) in the treatment of migraine by network pharmacology. Methods Eighteen components of LTT absorbed into blood were selected as the objects, and targets of compounds were predicted according to the reverse pharmacophore matching method. The related pathways and correlation analysis were explored by the MAS 3.0 biomolecule function software and the Kyoto Encyclopedia and Genomes (KEGG) database. Finally, the network of compound-target-pathway-disease of LTT was constructed by Cytoscape software. Results Eighteen compounds interacted with 88 pathways through 72 targets, of which 36 protein targets and 22 pathways were associated with migraine. Conclusion LTT may play a role in expelling wind and dredging collaterals, promoting orifice and pain-relieving by intervening with the related pathways of inflammation, homeostasis of blood vessels, nervous centralis, immunity, and hormonal regulation.

The paper is aimed to establish a method of residue analysis for thiamethoxam and to study its degradation dynamic and final residue and its standard of safe application of thiamethoxam on Lonicera japonica. Samples extracted with methanol by ultrasonication were purified with dichloromethane by liquid-liquid extraction and SPE column and analysed by HPLC-UV. The results showed that average rate was 84.91%-94.44% and RSD 1.74%-4.96% with addition of thiamethoxam in respectively diverse concentration, which meets inspection requirement of pesticide residue. Two kinds of dosages of thiamethoxam were treated- varying from recommended dosage (90 g x hm(-2)) to high dosage (135 g x hm(-2)), Results of two years test showed that thiamethoxam was degraded more than 90% seven days after application and the half - life period of thiamethoxam was 1.54-1.66 d. The digestion rate of thiamethoxam was fast in the L. japonica. The recommended MRL of thiamethoxam in the L. japonica is 0.1 mg x kg(-1), the dosage of 25% thiamethoxam WDG from 90-135 g x hm(-2) is sprayed less than three times a year on L. japonica and 14 days is proposed for the safety interval of the last pesticide application's and harvest's date.
Agriculture ; methods ; standards ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flowers ; chemistry ; growth & development ; parasitology ; Half-Life ; Insect Control ; methods ; standards ; Insecticides ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; growth & development ; parasitology ; Neonicotinoids ; Nitro Compounds ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Oxazines ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Pesticide Residues ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Plant Diseases ; parasitology ; prevention & control ; Thiazoles ; adverse effects ; chemistry

To analyze the causes and treatments of high intraocular pressure ( > 21mmHg ) of angle - closure glaucoma underwent compound trabeculectomy 1mo after surgery.
●METHODS: This was a retrospective study of our hospital, from March 2010 to March 2013. Thirty-four (38 eyes) of angle-closure glaucoma patients were collected, who underwent compound trabeculectomy with high intraocular pressure ( > 21mmHg) 1mo after operation. We analyzed the causes and summarized the treatments.
●RESULTS:The causes which lead to early postoperative high intraocular pressure included malignant glaucoma (9 eyes of 8 cases), blood clot and connective tissue block under the scleral flap (15 eyes of 13 cases), hyphema after surgery(5 eyes of 5 cases), sclera flap incision was incarcerated with iris tissue ( 3 eyes of 3 cases ), preoperative high intraocular pressure for a long time(5 eyes of 4 cases), 1 eye of 1 case for unknown reason. After proper treatments, intraocular pressures of all patients were bellowed 21mmHg.
● CONCLUSlON: Early postoperative high intraocular pressure of angle - closure glaucoma underwent compound trabeculectomy is caused by various factors, and the early prevention and timely treatment are key points of a successful operation.

BACKGROUNDAdipose-derived stromal cell (ADSC) differentiation into neural cells in vitro is becoming widely studied. However, there are few reports on astrocytes following differentiation, and particularly on maturation and electrophysiology. In this study, we used various methods to determine ADSC-derived astrocyte maturity.

METHODSChemical induction with isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) was used to differentiate adult ADSCs into astrocytes followed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe morphology and transmission electron microscopy for cellular ultrastructure assessment. Immunofluorescence was used to detect expression of neural stem cell marker nestin as well as glial markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100. In addition, we measured membrane potentials in bis-(1,3-dibarbituric acid) trimethine oxanol-labeled ADSCs and astrocytes by stimulation with a high potassium solution under an inverted fluorescence microscope. Finally, cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTSTypical astrocyte morphology was shown by HE staining after 48-hour differentiation. Glial fibril was observed with transmission electron microscopy. GFAP and S-100 were not expressed in the control group, but were expressed within 24-hour differentiation and reached a maximum at day 14 with no change up to day 28. Nestin was weakly expressed in control cells and also reached a maximum at day 14 with the percentage of positive cells constant until day 21 followed by a decrease. Differentiated cell membrane potentials after stimulation with potassium were slightly increased, and then gradually declined over time. There was no significant membrane potential change in the control group. Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase was 93% and only 5% in S phase.

CONCLUSIONADSCs were differentiated into mature astrocytes with typical characteristics including morphology, ultrastructure, marker protein expression, mature potassium channels and mitotic capacity.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine ; pharmacology ; Adipose Tissue ; cytology ; Adult ; Astrocytes ; cytology ; Barbiturates ; pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophysiology ; methods ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo provide reference for the safe needling depth of Dazhui (GV 14), Jianzhongshu (SI 15), Xuanshu (GV 5) and Mingmen (GV 4) in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion treatment.

METHODSThirty-two adult volunteers were divided into 3 groups, thin person group, moderate person group and fat person group according to Luo's indexes, and computer-aided tomography was used to measure the needling depth of Dazhui (GV 14), Jianzhongshu (SI 15), Xuanshu (GV 5) and Mingmen (GV 4).

RESULTSThe safe depths of perpendicular needling were different for persons of different somatotypes, for example the needling depth for Dazhui (GV 14) was (32.86 +/- 3.96) mm for the thin person group, (37.76 +/- 4.91) mm for the moderate person group, and (47.93 +/- 5.30) mm for the fat person group.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To discuss some characteristics of aggressive behavior of junior middle school students addicted to violence online game.Methods From Aug.to Dec.at 2009,6000 volunteers have been investigated with the self-made violence online game survey scale and the Chen's were screen out by CIAS,and in which 71 violence game addicts,and 66 entertainment game addicts.They were divided into two groups matched as age and sex(male 55 and female 11 in every group),average age was 14.36±0.81 years old.66 no-play game students served as control group.The mean value and standard deviation of aggressive behaviors in each group were compared with one way ANOVA with SPSS12.0 version.Results There were significant different inter groups in the behavioral scores expressed in physiological attack((21.59±4.36),(18.10±6.10,(14.92±5.61)),spoken language attack((21.04±3.98),(18.36±6.26),(15.66±5.23)),angry mood((21.37±4.43),(18.72±5.90),(16.56±5.70)),hostility cognition((21.69±5.77),(20.06±7.74),(16.39±6.85))and the total score((85.56±13.71),(75.28±22.36),(63.54±20.32))(F1-4=25.07,17.35,3.25,10.40,21.81);Moat severity attack behaviors were observed in the violence online game addictive group,but less done in other two groups(t1-4=3.48,2.68,2.65,10.27,P<0.01;t 1-5=6.66,5.37,4.48,5.30,22.01,P<0.01);and secondary was found in Entertainment online game addicts(t1-5:3.18,2.69,2.16,3.66,11.74,P<0.01).Conclusion Higher attack behavior scores are found in the violence online game in junior middle students,and entertainment online game also induce attack behavior,but is not so notable.

0.01),which were significantly different from group Ⅲ(P

The paper is aimed to establish a methods for identication of pearl powder and conch powder from different origins. Hermetic aluminum pan was used to encapsulate samples. The optimal testing conditions were: heating rate 10 degrees C x min(-1), sample weight 3 mg and nitrogen gas flow rate 40 mL x min(-1). The enthalpy values of pearl powder and conch powder was obvious different. Identication of pearl powder and conch powder by DSC is a practical method for its accuracy, convenience and practificality.
Animal Shells ; chemistry ; Animals ; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; methods ; China ; Discriminant Analysis ; Pinctada ; chemistry ; classification ; Powders ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore whether coal tar pitch smoke extract (CTP) induced pyroptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B).

METHODSBEAS-2B cells were treated with different concentrations of CTP (1, 3 µg/ml) for 8h and 24 h, respectively. Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels in the supernatants of cell culture media were measured with LDH activity or human IL-1β ELISA kit, respectively. The activity of Caspase-1 was measured with Caspase-1 colorimetric assay kit.

RESULTSThe activity of caspase-1 in 1 and 3 µg/ml CTP groups were (9.29 ± 0.30) and (8.67 ± 0.59) µmol/ml respectively which were both significantly increased compared to that (7.42 ± 0.59) µmol/ml in the control group (P < 0.05) after 8 h exposure, but there was no significant difference in the activity of LDH and levels of IL-1β in the cell culture media among the CTP and control groups. 24 h after exposure, the activity of LDH in the CTP (1, 3 µg/ml) groups were (1323.03 ± 28.53) and (1148.45 ± 16.42) U/dl respectively which were significantly higher than that (1091.93 ± 26.64) U/dl in the control group (P < 0.05), and the levels of IL-1β in the CTP (1 and 3 µg/ml) groups were (125.37 ± 25.00) pg/ml and (92.04 ± 19.09) pg/ml respectively which were significantly higher than that (46.20 ± 14.43) pg/ml in the control group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the activity of Caspase-1 among CTP and control groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCTP treatment induced early increase in caspase-1 activity followed by the increase in LDH activity and IL-1 levels, indicative of pyroptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells.

Apoptosis ; Bronchi ; cytology ; Caspase 1 ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Coal Tar ; adverse effects ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Smoke ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of peptide mass fingerprinting for non-invasive differential diagnosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) from the non-IgA nephropathy (IgAN).?

METHODSAccording to the results of renal biopsy, 56 patients were divided into IgAN group (n=28) and non-IgAN group (n=28), and peptide mass fingerprints were acquired from these patients using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

RESULTSNine different peptides were identified between IgAN and non-IgAN. The two most distinctive differentially expressed peptides, with peptide peak values of 4476.46 and 1968.10, showed area under curve values of 86.18% and 79.77%. Principal component analysis demonstrated that the accumulated explained variance of the first 8 differential peptides reached 95%, suggesting the feasibility of differential diagnosis of IgAN from non-IgAN. Comparison with the Matrix protein database identified the peptide with a relative molecular mass of 5338.08 as a fragment of mucin 4 inform and the 2082.77 peptide as fragment of α1-II type collagen inform.

CONCLUSIONMALDI-TOF MS is feasible for differential diagnosis of IgAN and non-IgAN and also has great potentials in the classification of the subtypes of other systemic diseases.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptide Mapping ; methods ; Peptides ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods ; Young Adult