Objective To evaluate the efficacy of jaw thrust device in the upper airway obstruction. Methods Thirty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-64 yr with body mass index < 30 kg/m~2 undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were included in this study. The anesthesia face mask was placed and held tightly by 4 straps of JTD and connected to the anesthesia machine. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam, propefol, fentanyl and atracurium. When muscle relaxation was achieved, tracheal intubation was not performed. The airway obstruction was assessed by airway peak pressure and stridor score (breathing sounds detected by auscultation over the trachea). And then tracheal intubation was performed, and the patients were mechanically ventilated. Results There was no significant difference in airway pressure and stridor scores between JTD and jaw thrust maneuver. Conclusion JTD can effectively lift the jaw and improve the upper airway obstruction.

In this paper,the teaching in medical microbiology experiment to the first group of foreign students in our college is analyzed and summarized,which will give us many experiences for later teachering.

The method of homogeneity evaluation for active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) spatial distribution in lyophilized product was investigated for the first time with confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy mapping, using pemetrexed disodium for injection as a model drug. Certain areas of the lyophilized product were scanned to obtain Raman spectra. The classical method ("peak clipping" method) was employed for mapping with characteristic Raman peaks of the API and the excipient. Due to the API being finely dispersed in the excipient in lyophilized products, the classical method cannot discriminate between the two ingredients making the distribution homogeneity difficult to evaluate. The "ratio of characteristic peak intensities" method was then utilized. Using this method, the relative intensity of the characteristic Raman peaks of the API to the excipient was applied for mapping and the relative content of API to excipient was calculated for a homogeneity evaluation of the drug distribution. The validation of this method showed a good linear relationship between the relative intensity and the relative content of API to excipient (r² > 0.99), and the precision and recovery were adequate for homogeneity evaluation of API by Raman spectroscopy mapping. Five products of pemetrexed disodium for injection from different manufacturers were tested through Raman maps applying this method and the histograms of relative Raman intensity were also plotted by frequency to help the homogeneity evaluation of drug distribution. The results showed that there were obvious differences in the drug distribution homogeneity from different products, where a more homogeneous API distribution was found in the brand product. This research provides a reliable method for the homogeneity evaluation of API distribution, which facilitates quality evaluation and process optimization of lyophilized products.

Chloroplast genetic engineering, offers several advantages over nuclear transformation, including high level of gene expression, increased biosafety, remedying some limitations associated with nuclear genetic transformation, such as gene silencing and the stability of transformed genes. It is now regarded as an attractive new transgenic technique and further development of biotechnology in agriculture. In this article we reviewed the characteristics, applications of chloroplast genetic engineering and its promising prospects were discussed.
Biotechnology ; methods ; Chloroplasts ; genetics ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; Transformation, Genetic

Compartment Syndromes ; etiology ; Crush Syndrome ; complications ; Fascia ; Hand Injuries ; complications ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn

Objective To observe toxic effect of deoxynivalenol(DON)on articular cartilage and synovium of New Zealand rabbits's knee ioints.Methods Fifteen male rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups:control, high-dosage,and low-dosage group.In high-dosage and low-dosage group,saline solution of DON was injected with a dose of 0.10 and 0.05 ms/kg every 48 h into ear vein of rabbits.Specimen of articular cartilage and synovium were through pathologY methods,and IL-1β,TNF-α,NO levels were assayed in joint liquid,after 20 days. Results Morphological changes were observed, such as synovium inflammative infiltration, chondrocytes deformation and necrosis under light microscope.The levels of IL-1β,TNF-α and NO had statistical significance in comDarison between 3 grouPs(F=19.396,18.195,22.136,P＜0.05).The levels of IL-1β,TNF-α and NO were significantly higher(all P＜0.05),high-dosage[(0.451±0.091),(0.575±0.122)μg/L;(70.27±11.53)μmol/L] and low-dosage group[(0.295±0.107),(0.387±0.131)μg/L;(45.32±12.24)μmol/L]compared with control ((0.1 13±0.049),(0.138±0.087)μg/L;(23.56±9.35)μmoL/L],and high-dosage compared with low-dosage group Conclusions DON results in articular and synovial impairment,which has the symptom similar to osteoarthritis. DON probably causes osteoarthritis.

Objective To investigate the effect of different concentrations of vinorelbine on apoptosis ,telomerase ac-tivity and expression of human telomerase-reverse transcriptase gene ( hTERT ) in human epithelial ovarian cancer cells SKOV3.Methods Ovarian cancer cells SKOV 3 were treated with vinorelbine under different concentrations . The cell proliferation was measured by cell counting kit-8 ( CCK-8) assay , and the cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The telomerase activity of SKOV3 cells was determined by TRAP-PAGE-silver staining;The mRNA expression of hTERT was performed by RT-PCR assay .Results Vinorelbine could significantly inhibited the prolifer-ation of SKOV3 cells,induce cell apoptosis (P<0.01),reduce the telomerase activity and expression of hTERT mRNA (P<0.01), in dependent of a concentration-time manner.Conclusions The detection of telomerase activity and the mRNA expression of hTERT might be vital for predicting the prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer .

OBJECTIVETo observe the quality of life in patients with post-traumatic epilepsy and discuss the influencing factors.

METHODSWe assessed 105 patients with post-traumatic epilepsy and 100 healthy people as control using Quality of Life Scale-31 (QOL-31), Self-rating Depressing Scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and conducted retrospective analysis on the depression, anxiety, site of trauma, control of seizure, EEG and therapeutic compliance.

RESULTSPatients with post-traumatic epilepsy scored much lower than the control group on QOL-31 (P less than 0.01), but higher than the control group on SDS and SAS (P less than 0.01). Multiple regression analysis indicated that major influencing factors on the quality of life were anxiety, therapeutic compliance, depression, poor control of epileptic seizure and site of trauma.

CONCLUSIONSThe quality of life in patients with post-traumatic epilepsy has significantly declined. Doctors should pay attention to psychological and mental problems of patients with epilepsy, such as depression and anxiety, enhancing therapeutic compliance and controlling epileptic seizure, which are the keys to improving prognosis.

Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic ; psychology ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Regression Analysis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the current situation of depression and anxiety from patients with hypertension as well as to provide reference for the development of control and prevention program.

METHODSParticipants older than 35-year including both hypertensive patients and healthy controls were randomly selected in 2 communities of Pukou district in Nanjing through Health Behavior Survey. All the subjects were assessed by the Zung's self-rating depression scale (SDS) and the Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS).

RESULTSRaw score and index score of SDS and SAS were both significantly (P < 0.01) greater in hypertensive patients than in healthy control group. The prevalence of depression of 17.9% and anxiety of 9.5% in patient group were found significantly higher than that in healthy control group as 11.5% and 4.3%. Data from logistic regression model analysis showed that depression and anxiety were possible risk factors of hypertension (OR = 1.677, 95% CI: 1.013-2.776; OR = 2.451, 95% CI: 1.228-4.894). There was a combined effect seen between depression and anxiety (OR = 5.238, 95% CI: 2.356-11.664) but interaction did not appear.

CONCLUSIONDepression and anxiety were possibly associated with hypertension and more attention needs to be paid to the mental health situation of hypertensive patients in order to improve their quality of life.

Aged ; Anxiety ; epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Depression ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

AIMTo construct short hairpin RNA (shRNA) eukaryotic expression vectors targeting TGF-beta1 for further research on the effects of TGF-beta1 on vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.

METHODSThree pairs of siRNA target sequences coding from the mRNA of TGF-beta1 gene were designed and three pairs of nucleotides were synthesized. After annealing, the double-strand DNA products were ligated into the pEN_mH1c entry vector, and in turn into the shRNA eukaryotic expression vector pDS_hpEy labled by GFP through the LR recombination reaction. After sequencing successfully, the three resulting TGF-beta1 shRNA expression vectors were transfected into the mouse fibroblast cell line (NIH/3T3), and then cell clones stably expressing TGF-beta1 shRNA were screened. Reverse Transcript-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression.

RESULTSRT-PCR and Western blot showed that one of the TGF-beta1 shRNA expression vectors pDS_Tc downregulated TGF-pl mRNA and protein expression markedly in NIH/3T3 cells.

CONCLUSIONShRNA eukaryotic expression vectors targeting TGF-beta1 are successfully constructed which can be used for further investigation on the mechanism through which TGF-beta1 regulates vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.

Animals ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism