Eustachian Tube ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Stents ; Tympanoplasty

Objective To investigate the prevalence and incidence of Keshan disease (KD) and the selenium concentration of food and hair in residents of Yongjin Village, Fuyu County, Heilongjiang Province, national monitoring site, in 2007. Methods According to the Standard of Keshan Disease Surveillance and the Standard of Diagnosis of Keshan Disease(GB 17021-1997), the residents living in the monitoring site were surveyed by clinical examination and electrocardiography. For individuals whose hearts showed abnormalities, a chest X-ray photograph was taken. The selenium concentrations of the residents' food (flour) and hair were assayed by flowing injection hydride generation atomic fluoremetric method(FI-HG-AFM). Results Nineteen KD patients were found from 282 residents in 2007 KD surveillance. The prevalence of KD, latent KD and chronic KD were 6.7%(19/282), 2.8%(8/282) and 3.9%(11/282), respectively. Five of the 8 latent KD cases were newly found. In addition, there were 5 the suspected KD cases, including 2 suspected chronic KD cases. No acute KD or sub-acute KD patients were found in Yongjin Village at this monitoring site this year. The average selenium concentration of children hair and residents food were (0.3197±0.0586)mg/kg and (0.0210±0.0062)mg/kg, respectively. Conclusions New cases of KD continued to emerge, indicating that etiological factors still exist. Therefore, the emphasis of monitoring KD in furore is founding the consummate report of infectious disease system and training the personnel to increase the reliability of monitoring.

Adenoma ; diagnosis ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pituitary Gland ; pathology ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo establish the method for determination of the fingerprint of tablets of Ginkgo biloba L.

METHODSHPLC-DAD was used to determine the constituents in tablets. Diamonsil C18(200 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) was used as analysis column and acetonitrile/KH(2)PO(4) as mobile phase with gradient elution. The column temperature was at 24 degree. The profile of chemical constituents in control sample and tablets obtained from the chromatograms were analyzed by similarity software.

RESULTThe method developed for components analysis of the standard extracts was linear within certain concentration (r>0.999). There was no difference between the fingerprints of 3 batches of products. The fingerprints of tablets and the extract showed a good similarity(>0.965).

CONCLUSIONThis method is accurate simple and can be used for the quality control of Ginkgo biloba L. preparations.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Tablets

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic angiogenesis effect of naotai recipe (NR) on local ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of rats by observing signaling pathway of hypoxia-inducible factor-lα (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

METHODSTotally 120 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, the normal control group (n =12), the sham-operation group (n =12), the I/R model group (n =48), and the NR group (n =48). Cerebral I/R injury models were established using thread suture method. Rats in the I/R model group and the NR group were sub-divided into 4 sub-groups according to the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th I/R day (n =12). The phenomenon of neovasculization was observed by immunofluorescence staining. The protein and mRNA expression levels of HIF-la, VEGF-A, and VEGFR II receptor were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThere were a large amount of labels for neovasculization in the ischemic area of the NR group. Double-immunofluorescence labeling [vWF (red) and BrdU (green)] was observed in the NR group. Compared with the model group, the HIF-1α protein expression was obviously enhanced on the 1 st day of I/R (P <0.01), and the VEGF protein expression started to enhance on the 3rd day in the NR group (P <0.01). The VEGFR protein expression level was the highest in the NR group on the 5th day of I/R (P <0.01). The protein expression of VEGF and HIF-1α started to decrease on the 7th day of I/R.

CONCLUSIONNR could strengthen angiogenesis after I/R by elevating the expression of HIF-lα and activating HIF-lα/VEGF signaling pathway.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Cerebral Infarction ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; metabolism ; Ischemia ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; Signal Transduction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis

Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; CD28 Antigens ; blood ; metabolism ; CD4 Antigens ; blood ; metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunophenotyping ; methods ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neprilysin ; blood ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; blood ; metabolism ; fas Receptor ; blood ; metabolism

The paper reports the systematic study on felodipine and its impurities in tablets, to improve its quality standards for the control of the related substances. HPLC-DAD, UPLC-MS, IR and NMR methods were used for the isolation of felodipine and its impurities in tablets, their identification and the zebrafish animal model was used for the analysis of the toxic impurities. In felodipine material and its tablets, three impurities are isolated and identified. They are impurity 1 [dimethyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate], impurity 2 [ethyl methyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethylpyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate] and impurity 3 [diethyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate], separately. The result of zebrafish animal model analysis showed that the teratogenic effects of four compounds were: impurity 3 > or = felodipine > impurity 1 > impurity 2, lethal effects were as follows: impurity 2 = impurity 3 > felodipine > or = impurity 1. This study confirmed the toxicity of three impurities in felodipine. According to the results, the paper suggested the amendments to the standard of the medicine and provided the support to the control of impurities in the manufacturing process.
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Contamination ; Felodipine ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; analysis ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Zebrafish

OBJECTIVETo observe the metabolism-based interaction of diphenytriazol and flavone compounds.

METHODSFlavone compounds kaempferol, isoharmnten and Elsholtzia blanda benth extract were chosen as the substrate of glucuronidation in the phase II metabolism. The metabolism was investigated in different rat liver microsome incubates pretreated with beta-naphthoflavone (BNF), diphenytriazol and tea oil (control). The concentrations of residual substrate were determined by HPLC. Quercetin and kaempferol were coincubated with diphenytriazol in control microsome to evaluate the inhibition for phase I metabolism. The concentration of diphenytriazol was determined by HPLC.

RESULTThe phase II metabolic activity of kaempferol, isoharmnten and Elsholtzia blanda benth extract in diphenytriazol-treated microsome was more potent than that in BNF-treated microsome (P<0.01). The phase I metabolism of diphenytriazol was markedly inhibited by quercetin and kaempferol, with the inhibition constants (Ki) (12.41 +/-0.26)microg . ml(-1) and (7.97 +/-0.08)microg . ml(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONDiphenytriazol demonstrates metabolism-based interaction with flavone compounds in vitro.

Abortifacient Agents ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Flavones ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Kaempferols ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Quercetin ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triazoles ; metabolism ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo assessment result with multi-measures operation for adhering otitis media.

METHODSA retrospective review of 108 cases (male 45, female 63), double ears 12, all was 120 ears. Of 20 ears had been radical operated for cholesteatoma some years ago. Of 46 ears had incorporate cholesteatoma now. Of 54 ears had only adhering in middle ear but no had been radical or incorporate cholesteatoma who underwent operation from January 1999 to May 2003 for chronic ear disease as well as ossiculoplasty with multi-technique measures (for example auto-bone cup-pole or gung-pole as total and partial ossicular replacement prostheses; scute rebuild by auto-bone; absorbable Metrogel; tympanic chorda nerve as a spring press prostheses etc) were used in operation, and were followed up mean (26.11 +/- 11.31) months (range 12 approximately 53 months).

RESULTSOne hundred and twenty ears mean AB gap was (38.60 +/- 12.70) dB pre-operation. It was (15.28 +/- 11.69) dB post-operation. Partnership t test, t = 21.24, t 0.01 = 2.60 < 21.24, P < 0.01. The air-bone gap (AB gap) closure to within 20 dB as succeed achieved in 70% (84 ears). AB gap closure in 10 dB as best result in 40% (48 ears). Air conduction was under 40 dB in 70% (83 ears). AB gap closure not enough 10 dB and Air conduction over 40 dB as no effect was 6% (7 ears) .

CONCLUSIONSAs long as technique measures is right, even though adhering middle ear had much difficult in operation, it still can gain succeed to 70%. But had still 30% no succeed, more study is necessary.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media with Effusion ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Tissue Adhesions ; pathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Tympanoplasty ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo find out the dominant diseases in the clinic of modern acupuncture.

METHODSBy means of bibliometrics, clinical acupuncture study literatures from 1978 to 2004, searched from CBM database, were sorted and counted to show the different clinical utilizing quantities and developing trends of different disease groups in the acupuncture clinic.

RESULTSObviously dominant type: nervous system diseases; mature type: motor system diseases; developing type: 3 kind of diseases including psychosis; premature type: diseases related with surgery; steady type: 3 kind of diseases including digestive system diseases (diseases of liver and gallbladder are not included); pre-developing diseases: 5 kind of diseases including otorhinolaryngologic diseases.

CONCLUSIONAmong all these types, obvious advantage type and mature type are the most distinguishing. Developing type has the most significant ascending trend. Premature type has relatively strong developing potentiality.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Bibliometrics ; Humans