Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Cellular and Molecular Basis of Medicine is a basic module course newly established by our school that is compulsory for medical students. This module course overthrows traditional disciplinary boundaries, and adopts the forms of combining classroom teaching with students' self-learning and teachers' instruction with topic discussion of students guided by teachers. In the teaching of the module course, discussion was adopted among students which involves teachers giving out the range of topics to students so that they can prepare for the topic of their intertest. After group discussion during class, the head of the teaching group gave comment on students' discussion and prize for whom had the best performance. Then, students were asked to summarize and analyze the questions raised during discussion after class. In conclusion, discussion class has stimulated students' interest in learning, improved their ability to think independently and encouraged them to demonstrate their abilities, which has achieved good teaching outcomes.

BACKGROUNDThe role of alprostadil and statins in contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is controversial. The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of combined therapy with alprostadil and statins in protecting renal function and preventing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

METHODSA total of 156 consecutive patients with mild to moderate renal failure who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in our study, and randomly categorized into two groups. In the statins group, 80 patients were treated with statins before and after coronary angiography. In the alprostadil plus statins group, 76 patients were treated with statins and alprostadil before and after coronary angiography. Serum creatinine (SCr), serum cystatin (CysC) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were detected after administration of contrast media, and adverse events were evaluated within six months.

RESULTSIn both groups, the SCr, CysC and NGAL significantly increased after coronary angiography and peaked at 48, 24 and 6 hours, respectively. SCr, CysC and NGAL were significantly lower in the alprostadil plus statins group than in the statins group (P < 0.05). The incidence of CIN in the alprostadil plus statins group was slightly lower than in the statins group. The incidence of adverse events within six months in the alprostadil plus statins group was significantly lower than in the statins group (P = 0.034).

CONCLUSIONSIntravenous alprostadil in combination with oral statins is superior to statins alone for protecting renal function in patients with mild to moderate renal dysfunction who undergo coronary angiography, and can reduce the incidence of adverse events seen within six months.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alprostadil ; therapeutic use ; Coronary Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of using brain tissues from Shanghai Brain Bank for the applications on biological research through the analysis of pH value of cerebrospinal fluids, RNA integrity number (RIN), transcriptome, proteome and morphology of brain tissues. Methods The pH value of fresh cerebrospinal fluid was detected by pH test paper; the RNA integrity of cryopreserved brain tissues was examined by Agilent RNA 6000 Nano chip and Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer; the transcriptome sequencing of superior temporal gyrus or caudate was performed using BGIseq-500 sequencer; the proteome of cryopreserved brain tissues was analyzed by Q Exactive HF mass spectrometer; at last, the morphology of the superior temporal gyrus was observed by HE staining. Results The pH value of the cerebrospinal fluid on average was about 6.5. The RIN values of more than 65% of brain tissues were more than 6, indicating good RNA quality. The clean reads ratio after transcriptome sequencing filtering was basically above 80%, indicating that the quality of sequencing library was high. The mass spectrometry analysis of frozen brain samples yielded more than 4000 protein groups and 30 000 peptides, indicating high quality of proteomic data. The morphology of brain tissues was relatively normal, with clearly visible neurons. Conclusion The quality of RNA and protein of brain tissues from Shanghai Brain Bank meets the basic needs for molecular and biological research, and the fixed brain samples can be used for morphological observations.

OBJECTIVE: Newly identified human rhinovirus C (HRV-C) and human bocavirus (HBoV) cannot propagate in vitro in traditional cell culture models; thus obtaining knowledge about these viruses and developing related vaccines are difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel platform for the propagation of these types of viruses. METHODS: A platform for culturing human airway epithelia in a three-dimensional (3D) pattern using Matrigel as scaffold was developed. The features of 3D culture were identified by immunochemical staining and transmission electron microscopy. Nucleic acid levels of HRV-C and HBoV in 3D cells at designated time points were quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Levels of cytokines, whose secretion was induced by the viruses, were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Properties of bronchial-like tissues, such as the expression of biomarkers CK5, ZO-1, and PCK, and the development of cilium-like protuberances indicative of the human respiration tract, were observed in 3D-cultured human airway epithelial (HAE) cultures, but not in monolayer-cultured cells. Nucleic acid levels of HRV-C and HBoV and levels of virus-induced cytokines were also measured using the 3D culture system. CONCLUSION Our data provide a preliminary indication that the 3D culture model of primary epithelia using a Matrigel scaffold in vitro can be used to propagate HRV-C and HBoV.
Collagen ; Drug Combinations ; Enterovirus ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epithelial Cells ; virology ; Human bocavirus ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Laminin ; Parvoviridae Infections ; virology ; Primary Cell Culture ; methods ; Proteoglycans ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Mucosa ; virology ; Virus Cultivation

The dynamic accumulation rule of active substances in medicinal plants is of great value not only for medicinal material production and application,but also for the genetic mechanism study on the formation of medicinal ingredients,especially vital to guide medicinal material collection as well as experiment material selection and candidate gene screening in the analysis of biosynthesis pathway. This study investigated the accumulation of curcumins and terpenoids,and the biosynthesis of these metabolites,which are the active metabolites in Curcuma longa,a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Rhizoma of C. longa from leaf growing period,rhizome swelling period and dry matter accumulating period were used as experimental materials,to analyze the changes of metabolites and biosynthesis in the three periods by comparative transcriptome and metabolomes analysis.The results indicated that terpenoids accumulation and biosynthesis mainly occurred in leaf growing period,while curcumin accumulation and biosynthesis mainly occurred in dry matter accumulating period. Therefore,we suggested that turmeric rhizomes in leaf growth period were suitable for terpenoids biosynthetic pathway characterization,and rhizome in accumulation of dry matter period was suitable for curcuminoid biosynthesis pathway characterization. This study provides references for medicinal materialproduction and application,as well as biopathway analysis of active compounds for C. longa.
Curcuma ; chemistry ; Curcumin ; analysis ; Phytochemicals ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Terpenes ; analysis

The commonly used traditional Chinese medicines Curcumae Rhizome (Ezhu) and Curcumae Radix (Yujin), are representatives of multi-plant sources. The relationship among the original source plant species is intricate. In this study, by using multivariate data analysis, volatile metabolites in rhizomes and radixes of source plants of Curcumae Longae rhizome (Jianghuang), Yujin and Ezhu in traditional Chinese medicine were compared and analyzed. The source plants included Curcuma longa, Curcuma kwangsuensis, Curcuma wenyujing and Curcuma phaeocaulis. The results indicated that:① volatile metabolites were similar in quality but variation in quantity for rhizomes and radixes origin from the same plant species; ② volatile metabolites of C. longa rhizomes showed bigger difference compared with others; ③ although common volatile metabolites were observed in rhizome of C. kwangsuensis, C. wenyujing and C. phaeocaulis, the difference among them were significant; and ④ significant differences were observed for the four kinds of radixes. Results in this study revealed the differences of the four source plants species, and similar metabolites in source plants of Curcumae Rhizome (Ezhu) and Curcumae Radix (Yujin) from the level of volatile metabolites. These results provided a reference for the clinical use of the three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine.