Objective To investigate the correlation between the results of HBsAg positive results among different detection systems,and provide reference for the analysis of clinical test results and the publication of the report.Methods The HBsAg positive serum specimens with the quantitation result lower than 80 COI were detected by Roche Cobas e602 electrochemical luminescence analyzer.All the specimens were also detected by Roche Modular e170 electrochemical luminescence analyzer.The differences of detecting results were compared and performed the linear correlation analysis.Results The experimental results of two detection systems are R2 =0.933.The positive coincidences of Group A,B,C,D and E were 60.60％,92.72％,96.66％,96.66％ and 100％,respectively.The positive coincidence of the males was 87.66％,while the positive coincidence of the females was 70.96 ％.The positive coincidence of the males was significantly higher than the females (P＜0.05).Conclusion The HBsAg detecting results of Roche Cobas e602 and Roche Modular e170 electrochemical luminescence analyzer had high correlation.The results higher than 10 COI had 100％ positive coincidence rate,however the results between 1 and 10 COI were not.The result between 1 and 10 COI may lead to controversial results,suggestions for further checks.

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical efficacy of Zero-profile implant for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion and conventional titanium plate with cage internal fixation for the treatment of single segmental cervical intervertebral disc herniation.

METHODSFrom August 2011 to March 2014, clinical data of 139 patients with single cervical disc herniation treated with anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion with internal fixation were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to its operation method. There were 63 patients in group A which performed anterior discectomy and interbody fusion with Zero-profile;76 patients in group B which performed anterior cervical discectomy and cage plate internal fixation. JOA score and Odom functional rating between two groups were compared before and after operation. Videofluorographic swallowing study (VFSS) were used to evaluate thickness of prevertebral soft tissue. Bazaz dysphagia score were used to assess incidence of dysphagia. Postoperative AP X-ray and CT of cervical vertebra at 12 months were applied for evaluating bone graft fusion. Postoperative MRI was applied for evaluating the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration. Blood loss,operative time, preoperative and postoperative JOA score, Odom functional rating and VFSS score, Bazaz score, fusion rate between vertebral bodies and incidence of adjacent segment degeneration were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThere were no statistical meaning between two groups in JOA score, Odom functional rating before and after operation (P > 0.05); and no significant meaning in VFSS score between two groups before operation (P > 0.05); There were no significant difference in operative time and blood loss. There was statistical meaning in VFSS, Bazaz dysphagia score at 2 days, and 6 months after operation (P < 0.05). All patients obtained bone union at 1 year after operation, and no obvious meaning in fusion rate (P > 0.05). Eight patients (12.7%) in group A occurred adjacent segment degeneration and 19 patients (25%) in group B occurred adjacent segment degeneration, and there was significant meaning between two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth of Zero-profile implant for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion and conventional cage internal fixation for the treatment of single segmental cervical intervertebral disc herniation could obtain satisfied clinical results. While Zero-profile implant for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion has advantages of lower incidence of adjacent segment degeneration, and its mid and long term following-up results still further observation.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Diskectomy ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; surgery ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the correlation of HCV-RNA with detection indexes HCV-Ab and HCV-cAg in its clini-cal application effect among patients with hepatitis C.Methods HCV-cAg and HCV-Ab in 140 cases of HCV-RNA were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in cases of PCR,which were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results 127 cases in 140 cases of HCV-RNA positive serum were HCV-cAg positive,in line with the rate of 90.71%,and the cases of 110 HCV-Ab positive,in line with the rate of 78.57%.The positive detection rate of HCV-cAg with different HCV-RNA concentration was increased with the increase of HCV virus content,and the serum of different HCV-RNA concentration had no significant changes in HCV-Ab detection results.Conclusion The detection results of HCV-cAg had a high coincidence rate with HCV-RNA.Therefore detection of HCV-cAg can be as a complementary detec-tion of HCV-Ab,as the window period of HCV infection and infection in immunocompromised persons screening provides a simple,inexpensive method.At the same time it provides rapid screening for HCV infection provide diagnostic basis for those basic medical units who do not have the conditions for detection of HCV-RNA.

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy and safety of zero-profile implant for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in treating single cervical disc herniation.

METHODSFrom August 2011 to June 2012,30 patients with single cervical disc herniation were treated with ACDF using zero-profile implant in one motion segment. There were 18 males and 12 females with a mean age of 55.3 years old (ranged, 36 to 68). Incidence of dysphagia, height of intervertebral space and condition of bone fusion were observed after operation. Spinal nerves function and clinical results were assessed according to Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, Odom criteria.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average of 15.9 months. The mean intraoperative blood loss was (85.3 +/- 14.2) ml (70 to 120 ml) and operative time was (90.0 +/- 12.8) min (70 to 120 ml). Preoperative, postoperative at 3 months and 1 year, JOA score was 8.72 +/- 2.36 (5.0 to 13.0), 14.72 +/- 1.66 (11.5 to 17.0) and 15.65 +/- 1.03 (13.5 to 17.0), respectively. One year after operation, according Odom criteria to assess, 22 cases got excellent results, 7 good, 1 fair. All dysphagiaes vanished completely at 3 months after operation. The lost height of intervertebral space was (0.34 +/- 0.13) mm (0.1 to 0.6 mm) and (0.39 +/- 0.15) mm (0.2 to 0.7 mm) at 3, 12 months after operation, respectively. All patients obtained bone fusion at 1 year after operation.

CONCLUSIONThe zero-profile implant is a valid alternative to anterior cervical plate in treating single cervical disc herniation with ACDF, it has advantages of convenient procedure, satisfactory effect, lower incidence of postoperative dysphagia, reliable stability and less implant-related complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Diskectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostheses and Implants ; Safety ; Spinal Fusion ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome

This paper aims to construct a Bayesian(BN) fault diagnosis model of traditional Chinese medicine dry granulation based on the failure model and effect analysis(FMEA), effectively control risk factors and ensure the quality of granules.Firstly, the risk ana-lysis of dry granulation process was carried out with FMEA, and the selected medium and high risk factors were taken as node variables to establish corresponding BN network with causality.According to the mathematical reasoning method of probability theory, the model was accurately inferred and verified by Netica, and the granule nonconformance was used as the evidence for reversed reasoning to determine the most likely cause of the failure that affected the granule quality.The BN fault diagnosis model of traditional Chinese medicine dry gra-nulation was established based on the medium and high risk factors of process, prescription and equipment screened out by FMEA, such as roller pressure, raw material viscosity, clearance between rollers in the paper.The fault diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine dry granulation process was then carried out according to the model, and the posterior probability of each node under the premise of nonconforming granule quality was obtained.This method could provide strong support for operators to quickly eliminate faults and make decisions, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy for fault diagnosis and prediction, with innovation in its application.
Bayes Theorem ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Probability

To investigate the difference in absorptive of tetrahydropalmatine (THP) and l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) in rat intestine as well as the mechanism of the absorption of THP, in situ single pass perfusion model was used and the concentration of THP in perfusate was determined by HPLC. The absorption rate constant (k(a)) and effective permeability values (P(eff)) of THP had no significant difference (P > 0.05) at concentration of 8, 16 and 32 microg x mL(-1) in perfusion or in four different regions of intestine of rat (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon). The absorption of l-THP and THP in jejunum had significant difference (P < 0.05). The k(a) and P(eff) of THP increased obviously when verapamil was co-perfused with THP, while those of l-THP were not influenced by verapamil. The absorption of THP in intestine showed the passive diffusion process, and without a special absorption region. The stereoselective absorption difference may result from stereoselective combination of P-glycoprotein with d-THP.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Berberine Alkaloids ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Colon ; metabolism ; Duodenum ; metabolism ; Female ; Ileum ; metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Jejunum ; metabolism ; Male ; Perfusion ; Permeability ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sex Factors ; Stereoisomerism ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the selective strategy of the internal fixation methods in treating intertrochanteric femoral fracture by comparing the different methods.

METHODSData of 326 cases of intertrochanteric femoral fractures treated with different internal fixation methods were concluded. One hundred and sixty-five cases were treated with the dynamic hip screws (DHS group), 78 male, 87 female, age 38 to 98 years. One hundred and three cases were treated with the anatomical plates of proximal femur (AP group), 48 male, 55 female, age 39 to 89 years. Fifty-eight cases were treated with the fixation expandable proximal femoral nails (PFN group), 31 male, 27 female, age 41 to 92 years. According to Evans classification of intertrochanteric femoral fractures, fractures were divided into type I, II, III, IV and retro-intertrochanteric type. The cases of each type of three groups were DHS(12, 35, 61, 42, 15); AP(9, 23, 38, 25, 8); PFN (6, 13, 21, 13,5). Data of each group was collected for statistical analysis on the following aspects: operation time,blood loss, fluoroscopy exposures, drainage, clinical healing time of fracture, post-operative restored function and the total complications.

RESULTSThe difference of operation time, blood loss, fluoroscopy exposures, drainage, clinical healing time of fracture, post-operative restored function were of statistical significance (P < 0.01). In comparing with group DHS and AP, group PFN was of less operation time, blood loss, drainage, clinical healing time of fracture, but more fluoroscopy exposures, and the post-operative restored function of group PFN was more satisfied. The difference of operative complications were of no statistical significance (P = 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe fixation expandable proximal femoral nail is a good choice for intertrochanteric femoral fracture.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the characters of concentration of 42 elements in Radix Astragali and make an attempt at looking for relationship between the element concentration and regions where samplers are obtained.

METHODDetermining the content of elements in 40 Radix Astragali samples from 7 different provinces by ICP-MS, AFS and ASS. Analyzing the correlation of elements in Radix Astragali using statistic software (Spss).

RESULTFirstly, similar lines of element concentration have been acquired in our research. Secondly, it is observed that the content of elements in the samples shows regional diversity. Thirdly, there are 346 correlative element pairs in correlate analysis. And some of them indicate remarkable correlativity.

CONCLUSIONWith the aid of obtained results, it is concluded that element content in Radix Astragali display special distributing line. Remarkable correlation is presented in some element pairs. The quality of Radix Astragali gained from Neimeng, Shanxi and Gansu are better than those from other regions.

Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; growth & development ; China ; Elements ; Geography

OBJECTIVETo study the role of the HBV-infected mothers' PBMC in intrauterine transmission of HBV to their fetuses.

METHODSThirty pregnant women with serum HBV DNA negative and PBMC HBV DNA positive and their newborns were used as the study group. Ten pregnant women with serum HBV negative and their infants served as the control group. HBV DNA in serum and in PBMC was detected using nested polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR). The mothers' PBMC in newborns' peripheral blood was examined using heminested-PCR.

RESULTSFour newborns were serum HBV DNA positive and 8 newborns were HBV DNA positive in PBMC in the study group. Among them, 2 newborns were HBV DNA positive in both serum and PBMC, 6 cases were positive in PBMC only, and 2 cases were positive in serum only. Five mothers had the GSTM1 gene; and it was not detected in 3 newborns. Among the 8 newborns with HBV DNA positive in PBMC, 3 did not have the GSTM1 gene, at the same time their mothers possessed the GSTM1 gene. Mothers' PBMC were detected in all of these three newborns' peripheral blood. HBV DNA in serum and in PBMC of the control group infants were all negative.

CONCLUSIONHBV-infected PBMC of the mother may serve as a vector in HBV intrauterine infection.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; transmission ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; virology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; virology

Oxidative stress is implicated in male infertility and significantly higher reactive oxygen species are detected in 25% of infertile males. Although different agents of various alternative medicines, including traditional Chinese medicine, have been tried with varying success, evidence remains limited on whether and how much herbs or supplements might help increase the anti-oxidant ability of the sperm. This study examined the anti-oxidative effects of icariin, a flavonoid isolated from Herba Epimedii, on the human sperm. We prepared the FeSO4/H2O2-damaged human sperms, which were co-cultured with icariin in vitro, and then observed the changes of the sperm by employing Raman micro-spectroscopy. The results showed that Raman mapping with a 514 nm excitation laser allowed clear differentiation of the nucleus, neck, and, in particular, the mitochondria-rich middle piece of a human sperm cell. The effect of icariin on different organelles of the sperm was quantified by localized spectral Raman signatures obtained within milli-seconds, and icariin could keep the "Raman fingerprint" of the human sperm the same as the control groups, suggesting that icariin could protect the human sperm from being damaged by FeSO4/H2O2. Icariin may serve as a tonifying and replenishing agent of herbal origin for enhancing reproductive functions.