Objective To explore the danger of lead exposure in newborns who accepted the blood stored in blood bank for blood change treatment.Methods The lead level of blood was examined before and after blood change treatment for 37 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who accepted 53 cases blood stored in blood bank during Jun.to Dec.2006.The level of blood lead was measured by graphite stove atom absorb spectrum method.Results The average lead level of 53 cases blood stored in blood bank was 101.02 ?g/L,which had attained the level of lead poisoning.There were 15 cases(28.5%) whose blood lead levels was very high(≥100 ?g/L),3 cases whose blood lead level ≥200 ?g/L.After blood change treatment,the percentage of the blood lead level ≥100 ?g/L rose from 2.9% to 19.0%.The average level of blood lead after blood change treatment was higher than before(P

OBJECTIVETo observe the pregnancy outcome among patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

METHODSData associated with pregnancy, delivery and neonate from the patients or patient's spouse who conceived while receiving TKIs were collected retrospectively.

RESULTSTwo young female patients (who had been on imatinib therapy for 90 and 91 months, respectively) and spouses of 10 male patients (involving 7 patients who had received imatinib for a median of 60 months and 3 who had received dasatinib for 2.5 months to 7 months, respectively) with median age of 33.5 years (range 26 - 46 years) conceived and gave birth to 12 babies. One woman took imatinib throughout her pregnancy except one month. The other one took imatinib throughout her pregnancy and had breast-fed while on imatinib therapy for nearly half a year postpartum. Among the 12 babies, one was born prematurely with low birth weight and hypospadias (surgical repair after birth), the others were all healthy with no congenital defects. The median age of the children at the date of this report is 17.5 months (range 3 to 101 months), and they all have a normal pattern of growth and development.

CONCLUSIONSConception among patients with CML while receiving TKIs may result in normal pregnancies. The possible effects of TKIs on birth abnormalities cannot be ruled out. It is recommended that childbearing female patients should be advised to practice adequate methods of contraception and should not breast-feed while on TKIs therapy. In cases of accidental pregnancy, risk/benefit evaluations must be carried out carefully on an individual basis. No special precautions apply for male patients being treated with imatinib.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; Dasatinib ; Female ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Infant ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Thiazoles ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo establish the optimized preparation procedure and study the method to determine the content for soybean isoflavone(SIF) Dropping Pills.

METHODThe preparation conditions, such as the proportion between SIF and PEGs, the temperature of mixture of SIF and PEGs, dropping distance, etc., were studied with Uniform Design and One-way ANOVA. SIF was identified by TLC and the content of SIF was determined by UV spectrometry at 262 nm detection wavelength.

RESULTThree batches of the prepared products meet the standards of the Chinese pharmacopoeia on dropping pills. SIF can be identified by TLC. Using UV spectrometry, the linear range of SIF was 0. 407 2 to 4. 072 g x mL(-1) and the correlation coefficient was 0. 999 8. In high, middle and low concentration, average recovery were 96. 54%, 97.27% and 97.21%, respectively (RSD were 1.3%, 0.78% and 0.71%).

CONCLUSIONThe preparation procedure is feasible, simple and suitable, the method established in this paper can be adopted for the quality control of SIF dropping pills, and the determination method is simple, relatively fast and accurate.

Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Particle Size ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Soybeans ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

BACKGROUNDTourniquets used during total knee arthroplasty may lead to many complications. The aim of this study was to determine perioperative blood loss and its clinical relevance in total knee replacement surgery after applying a tourniquet.

METHODSFrom June 2009 to October 2009, 60 consecutive patients who underwent routine total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups and were treated with or without a tourniquet (30 patients/group). There were no significant differences in patient baseline characteristics between the two groups. We compared the two groups of patients in terms of intra- and postoperative bleeding, invisible or visible bleeding, and total blood loss.

RESULTSNone of the patients showed poor wound healing, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis or other complications. The amount of blood loss during surgery was lower in the tourniquet group than in the control group (P < 0.01). However, postoperative visible bleeding (P < 0.05) and occult bleeding (P < 0.05) were significantly greater in the tourniquet group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in the total amount of blood loss between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTourniquet can reduce bleeding during total knee replacement surgery, but is associated with greater visible and invisible blood loss.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Tourniquets

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (GHbA(1c)) control in type 2 diabetic patients and its relation to diabetic complications.

METHODSA total of 676 patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated for GHbA(1c) level and the diabetic complications. The patients were divided into two groups with GHbA(1c) >7% and GHbA(1c)< or =7%, and the relation of GHbA(1c) with the complications was analyzed.

RESULTSThe rate of good GHbA(1c) control (GHbA(1c)< or =7%) was 35.1% (237/676) in these patients, and 64.9% (439/676) of the patients showed poor GHbA(1c) control (GHbA(1c)>7%). The rates of hypertension and cerebralovascular complications were significantly higher in patients with GHbA(1c)>7% than in those with GHbA(1c)< or =7% (69.9% vs 55.7%, and 21.8% vs 8.9%, respectively, P<0.001), but the rate of coronary heart disease was comparable between the two groups (18.7% vs 17.3%, P>0.05). The patients with poor GHbA(1c) control had significantly higher incidences of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and fatty liver than those with good GHbA(1c) control (46.0% vs 35.0%, and 36.9% vs 25.3%, respectively, P<0.01), but no significant differences were found in the incidences of diabetic nephropathy (18.7% vs 16.5%), diabetic retinopathy (30.8% vs 27.4%) or diabetic feet (5.0% vs 3.8%) between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONType 2 diabetic patients have generally low rate of successful GHbA(1c) control, which can be associated with the occurrence of diabetic complications, suggesting the necessity of more rigorous diabetic health education and GHbA(1c) monitoring in these patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; complications ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of 6-gingerol, the main active component of ginger, on hair shaft elongation in vitro and hair growth in vivo.

METHODSFirstly, Hair follicles were co-cultured with 3 different concentration of 6-gingerol for 5 days and hair elongation in three groups was measured. Secondly, The proliferative effect of 6-gingerol on DPCs was measured using MTT assay. Thirdly, the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in DPCs were measured using Western blotting. In vivo study, the influence of 6-gingerol on hair growth in C57BL/6 rats was measured through topical application of 6-gingerol on the dorsal skin of each animal.

RESULTSThe length of hair shaft in 20 microg/ml 6-Gingerol group (0.50 +/- 0.08 mm) is less than 0 microg/ml (0.66 +/- 0.19) mm and 10 microg/ml (0.64 +/- 0.03) mm 6-Gingerol group (P < 0.05). In cell culture, compared to 0 microg/ml and 5 microg/ml 6-Gingerol, 10 microg/ml 6-Gingerol can significantly inhibited the proliferation of DPCs (P < 0.05). Along with the growth inhibition of DPCs by 6-gingerol, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased obviously. In vivo study, the hair length and density decreased a lot after using 1 mg/ml 6-gingerol.

CONCLUSIONS6-Gingerol can suppress human hair shaft elongation because it has pro-apoptotic effects on DPCs via increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. It might inhibit hair growth by prolonging the telogen stage in vivo.

Animals ; Catechols ; pharmacology ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Fatty Alcohols ; pharmacology ; Hair ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Hair Follicle ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

The objective of this study was to investigate the immunophenotype of T-lineage acute lymphoid leukemia (T-ALL) and to find valuable immunologic markers in T-ALL diagnosis and therapy. Four-color multiparametric flow cytometry(FCM) with CD45/SSC gating was used for immunophenotyping of 95 patients with newly diagnosed T-ALL. The results demonstrated that T-ALL occurred more frequently in males younger than 30 years of age and was usually accompanied by a high WBC count and tumor mass at diagnosis. Univariate analysis showed an influence on achievement of CR1 for age (< 30 years) but not for WBC count and tumor mass. According to WHO (2008) classification of tumors of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, 87 patients with confirmed subtype included 27 cases of Pro-T-ALL (31.0%), 31 cases of Pre-T-ALL (35.6%), 23 cases of cortical-T-ALL (26.4%), 6 cases of medullary-T-ALL (6.9%). CD34 expression in Pro-T-ALL was significantly higher than that of Pre-T-ALL (p = 0.001). After the first chemotherapy, the complete remission rate in Pro-T-ALL was statistically lower than that of Pre-T-ALL. Besides, the complete remission rate of immature T-ALL (including Pro-T-ALL and Pre-T-ALL) was also significantly lower than that in mature T-ALL (including cortical-T-ALL and medullary-T-ALL). Myeloid antigen (CD13, CD33) expression was associated with T-ALL subtype and treatment effect. While 66.7% of CD13(+) patients belonged to Pre-T-ALL, most (60.0%) of CD33(+) patients were classified into Pro-T-ALL; CD13 expression had no effect on CR1 rate whereas CD33(+) patients had worse treatment effect compared with CD33(-) groups (p = 0.001). Notably, the expression of CD117 reached up to 26.7% and the positive cases were primarily distributed in pro-T-TAll and pre-T-ALL. It is found that CD117 expression in CD34(-) group was homogeneous and CD117 expression level was less than 10% in 73.2% patients, but CD117 expression level in CD34(+) group was not homogenous, in which group the CD117 expression levels < 10%, 10% - 20% and > 20% were 44.2%, 17.3% and 38.5% respectively. As compared with CD34(-) group, the proportion of patients with CD117 expression levels < 10%, > 20% in CD34(+) group was higher, and there was significant difference between these 2 group. It is concluded that immunophenotype has great value in T-ALL diagnosis, classification as well as treatment. Flow cytometry provides access to find valuable immunologic markers for T-ALL biological research.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; CD13 Antigens ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; classification ; immunology ; therapy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3 ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the clinical application of measurements of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin in serum (sN-GAL) and urine(uNGAL),cystatin C(CysC) and serum creatinine(sCr) in diagnosis of acute kidney injury(AKI) patients secondary to liver cirrhosis (LC).Methods A total of 260 liver cirrhosis patients without AKI (LC group),207 liver cirrhosis patients with AKI (AKI group)and 106 healthy controls(HC group)were included in the study.The levels of sNGAL,uNGAL,serum creatinine(sCr) and cystatin C (CysC) were determined,respectively.The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were calculated base on sCr and CysC,named as c-aGFR and CysC-eGFR.The differences and correlation of each observed parameters among the various groups were statistically analyzed,and the effectiveness of these parameters as biomarkers for predicting the development of AKI in these patients with liver cirrhosis were assessed.Results Compared with LC group and healthy control group,the levels of sNGAL,uNGAL,sCr and CysC in AKI group were significantly increased(all P ＜0.01),while the levels of c-aGFR and CysC-eGFR were significantly decreased(all P ＜ 0.01).Along with the progression of AKI stages,the levels of sNGAL,uNGAL,sCr and CysC in the patients were increasing(all P ＜ 0.01),while the levels of c-aGFR and CysC-eGFR were decreasing(all P ＜0.01).Correlation analysis showed that the levels of sNGAL,uNGAL and CysC were positively correlated with sCr(r =0.662,0.672,0.726,all P ＜0.01)and negatively correlated with c-aGFR(r =-0.639,-0.661,-0.732,all P ＜ 0.01).On the contrary,CysC was negatively correlated with sCr (r =-0.711,P ＜ 0.01)and positively correlated with c-aGFR (r =0.736,P ＜ 0.01).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of uNGAL was maximum (0.995) which were significantly higher than that of sNGAL,sCr,c-aGFR,CysC and CysCeGFR(all P ＜ 0.01).The AUC of sNGAL did not present marked difference with that of sCr and CysC (P ＞ 0.05),but-was barely higher than that of c-aGFR and CysC-eGFR (P ＜ 0.05).The diagnostic effectiveness of uNGAL was maximum (0.962),followed by sNGAL(0.920).Conclusion For diagnosis of the development of AKI in the patients with liver cirrhosis,NGAL may be more reliable marker than sCr and CysC,and the detection of uNGAL could be more effective than sNGAL for the diagnosis.

AIM:To observe the influence of erythropoietin (EPO) on eryptosis and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in erythrocytes under stimulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2),.and to explore its related mecha-nism. METHODS:The erythrocyte suspension (1%) was cultured in vitro and divided into 3 groups:control group (C group,the culture medium was PBS),H2O2group (H group,the culture medium was PBS containing H2O2at final con-centration of 100 μmol/L) and EPO group (E group,the culture medium was PBS containing H2O2at final concentration of 100 μmol/L and EPO at final concentration of 2×104U/L). The erythrocytes were collected at 24 h and 60 h. The eryptosis was detected by flow cytometry with Annexin V staining. The production of ROS and intracellular calcium ion con-centration (Ca2+]i) were also analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS:The eryptosis in C group was increased as the in-cubating time extended. The eryptosis in H group was higher than that in C group (P<0.01),while that in E group was lower than that in H group(P<0.01). Meanwhile,ROS production andCa2+]iwere higher in H group than those in C group (P<0.01), but those were lower in E group than those in H group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION:EPO inhibits eryptosis induced by H2O2and its mechanism may be related to antioxidant effect and change of Ca2+]i.

Objective To study the influence on the tumor after percutaneous intra-tumor injection of ~(32)P-GMS in liver cancer as well as its suitable dose.Methods 24 New Zealand rabbits were used to establish the animal model of VX-2 liver cancer,and divided into A,B,C and D groups with individually 37,74,111 and 148 MBq of ~(32)P-GMS being injected,respectively;and then pathological changes of tumor were observed by light and electron microscope respectively.Result The dose of ~(32)P-GMS was obviously correlated with the radioactivity damage of tumor cells.In the A and B groups,the tumor cells were not observed to disappear completely after injection of ~(32)P-GMS,but in C group,tumor cells were almost completely disappeared and surrounded by a lot of connective tissue.Although the tumor cells were found to disappear completely in D group,normal liver tissues were also involved.Conclusion Percutaneous intra-tumor injection of ~(32)P-GMS with suitable dose that may induce the tumor tissue to be maximally damaged and may also provide some significances to prevent the tumor metastasis.